history of soy yogurt, soy acidophilus milk and other ... - SoyInfo Center
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30, the company’s production <strong>of</strong> t<strong>of</strong>u, egg rolls <strong>and</strong> <strong>other</strong><br />
products would relocate to New York. Operations for J<strong>of</strong>u,<br />
a t<strong>of</strong>u- <strong>and</strong> fruit-based food the company launched in 1986,<br />
would move to a Vermont location. About 200 unsecured<br />
creditors, <strong>and</strong> a similar number <strong>of</strong> stockholders, would<br />
receive 20% <strong>of</strong> a new stock issuance if they approve the<br />
plan; Holmes would hold the rest.<br />
“Some analysts blame the company’s demise on the<br />
failure <strong>of</strong> J<strong>of</strong>u, on which Tomsun spent $1.5 million in<br />
advertising to capture the New York City market in spring<br />
1987. Holmes is expected to spend $500,000 on research <strong>and</strong><br />
development, <strong>and</strong> marketing for a revised J<strong>of</strong>u.”<br />
806. Kroger, M.; Kurmann, J.A.; Rasic, J.L. 1989. Fermented<br />
<strong>milk</strong>s–Past, present <strong>and</strong> future: This discussion <strong>of</strong> fermented<br />
<strong>milk</strong> <strong>and</strong> related products describes their development,<br />
consumption, <strong>and</strong> future prospects. Food Technology<br />
43(1):92, 94-97, 99. Jan. [20 ref]<br />
• Summary: Contents: Introduction. Consumption.<br />
Classifi cations: Traditional <strong>and</strong> nontraditional, medium <strong>and</strong><br />
procedure, further processing, end uses, microbial actions.<br />
Research.<br />
Tables: (1) Total annual per capita consumption in<br />
kilograms <strong>of</strong> fermented dairy <strong>milk</strong>s in countries for which<br />
data are available. The top 3 countries are: Finl<strong>and</strong> (39.3,<br />
total for 1985), Sweden (27.3), Netherl<strong>and</strong>s (26.6).<br />
(2) Total 1985 consumption (production) <strong>of</strong> fermented<br />
<strong>milk</strong>s in countries for which data are available. The top 3<br />
countries are: India (16.79, total in million metric tons),<br />
USSR (2.049), Japan (0.9540).<br />
(3) Per capita <strong>yogurt</strong> consumption in the U.S. Increased<br />
more than 15-fold from 0.12 kg in 1960 to 1.88 kg in 1986.<br />
(4) Current names <strong>of</strong> microorganisms in fermented <strong>milk</strong>s.<br />
The genera <strong>of</strong> bacteria are: Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc,<br />
Pediococcus, Propionibacterium, Streptococcus,<br />
Bifi dobacterium, <strong>and</strong> Acetobacter. There are 26 species<br />
within these genera. There are also 5 species <strong>of</strong> yeasts.<br />
A fi gure shows the holy cattle farm <strong>of</strong> the Goddess<br />
Nin-Khursad (El-Obed Temple, 2550 B.C., Mesopotamia).<br />
Priests, wearing feather skirts, strain <strong>milk</strong> through a funnelshaped<br />
sieve <strong>and</strong> inoculate it.<br />
The two basic <strong>yogurt</strong> bacteria are Lactobacillus<br />
bulgaricus <strong>and</strong> Streptococcus thermophilus.<br />
The pioneers <strong>of</strong> microbiology were: (1) Louis Pasteur<br />
(1822-95), who studied alcohol fermentation. (2) Heinrich<br />
Anton DeBary (1831-88), who studied the infection <strong>of</strong> plants<br />
by fungi. (3) Robert Koch (1843-1910), who studied human<br />
disease caused by bacteria.<br />
(4) Elie Metchnik<strong>of</strong>f (1845-1916). While working<br />
at the Pasteur Institute in Paris, he focused on <strong>milk</strong><br />
fermentations <strong>and</strong> probiotics. In 1908 he shared the Nobel<br />
Prize in Physiology <strong>and</strong> Medicine. He developed the<br />
theory that lactic acid bacteria in the digestive tract could,<br />
by preventing putrefaction, prolong life. His book, The<br />
HISTORY OF SOY YOGURT & CULTURED SOYMILK 292<br />
© Copyright Soyinfo <strong>Center</strong> 2012<br />
Prolongation <strong>of</strong> Life, written in 1906 <strong>and</strong> translated into<br />
English in 1907, “received much exposure worldwide <strong>and</strong>,<br />
in a way, made Metchik<strong>of</strong>f the godfather to everyone who,<br />
to this day, believes in the therapeutic value <strong>of</strong> fermented<br />
<strong>milk</strong>.” Address: 1. Dep. <strong>of</strong> Food Science, Borl<strong>and</strong> Lab., The<br />
Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, Pennsylvania<br />
16802.<br />
807. Delcuratolo, Raymond. 1989. Société Soy–France’s<br />
largest t<strong>of</strong>u manufacturer–thinking <strong>of</strong> starting operations in<br />
America (Interview). SoyaScan Notes. Feb. 5. Conducted by<br />
William Shurtleff <strong>of</strong> Soyfoods <strong>Center</strong>.<br />
• Summary: Societe Soy, located in St.-Chamond, is thinking<br />
<strong>of</strong> starting a branch in America, perhaps in the Los Angeles<br />
area. Their main products might be: 1. T<strong>of</strong>u Burgers (Croque<br />
T<strong>of</strong>u) sold in 4 fl avors <strong>and</strong> eaten in France with a sauce, not<br />
between buns like a typical U.S. burger. 2. T<strong>of</strong>u Sausages<br />
(Roulades de T<strong>of</strong>u, T<strong>of</strong>i nelle) with Sauce <strong>and</strong> mushrooms<br />
or smoked salmon. These sausages, larger than a U.S. hot<br />
dog, are sold 2 in a package with the sauce. 3. Soy <strong>yogurt</strong>like<br />
or parfait-like dessert (Soyeux), sold in 6 fl avors. They<br />
now market these products (plus T<strong>of</strong>ast Soya Paste, T<strong>of</strong>umé<br />
smoked t<strong>of</strong>u, <strong>and</strong> Granioc (wholegrain & t<strong>of</strong>u meatless<br />
burgers)) in Engl<strong>and</strong>, <strong>and</strong> have a nice brochure to advertise<br />
them.<br />
Raymond hopes to run the company in America, with<br />
Jean commuting. He is paying for this exploratory trip out <strong>of</strong><br />
his own funds.<br />
Note: Letter from Bernard Storup, president <strong>of</strong> Société<br />
Soy. 1989. March 3. “I was rather surprised that Raymond<br />
met with you in Lafayette. He has been a friend <strong>of</strong> Jean<br />
Preneuf’s for years <strong>and</strong> has just sold his–well–business. He<br />
is thinking <strong>of</strong> doing something with us, surely in the U.S. We<br />
talked together <strong>of</strong> the opportunity to start a new t<strong>of</strong>u business<br />
over there, but I must say I’m not convinced that it is really<br />
a good idea. There is a French expression that says, ‘You<br />
cannot run after two rabbits at the same time.’”<br />
Note: As <strong>of</strong> Jan. 1995 this project has never happened.<br />
Address: France.<br />
808. Boeddeker, Ralph. 1989. Mit T<strong>of</strong>u 100 Millionen<br />
Mark Umsatz: Das Reinheitsgebot fuer Deutsche Wurst ist<br />
gefallen–Naturkost-Hersteller rechnen mit Zuwachs [With<br />
t<strong>of</strong>u, sales <strong>of</strong> 100 million German marks: The st<strong>and</strong>ard<br />
<strong>of</strong> purity for German sausage has fallen–Natural-foods<br />
producers count on growth]. Welt am Sontag No. 7. p. 33.<br />
Feb. 12. Sunday. [Ger]<br />
• Summary: Describes the very successful <strong>soy</strong><strong>milk</strong> plant<br />
sold by Soya Technology Systems (DTD) to DE-VAU-GE<br />
in Lueneburg, West Germany. Michael Makowski, healthy<br />
looking, in his 50s, <strong>and</strong> managing director <strong>of</strong> the company,<br />
introduces a meatless banquet <strong>and</strong> explains that he has been<br />
a vegetarian for 30 years. The future for this producer <strong>of</strong><br />
vegetarian foods looks very bright. Meatless sausages or