history of soy yogurt, soy acidophilus milk and other ... - SoyInfo Center

juice manufacturer Edgar Welch, author Upton Sinclair,
educator Booker T. Washington, aviatrix Amelia Earhart, and
merchandisers J.C. Penney, Montgomery Ward,... First Lady
Eleanor Roosevelt was among the noted visitors, but not as a
patient” (p. 81).
Figures (Photos unless otherwise stated): (1) People in
the grand parlor, Battle Creek Sanitarium (the San), 1880s.
(2) Ad for the Health Reform Institute in Battle Creek
(1870s), forerunner of the San. (3) Illustration of John
Harvey Kellogg, in his early 20s, shortly after he became
superintendent of the Western Health Reform Institute. (4)
Illust. Dansville, New York, water-cure facility. (5) Exterior
of the Western Health Reform Inst. in 1866. (8) Illust.
“Women and men share a workout in the gymnasium, 1888.”
(9) Woman at the punching bag, 1910. (10) The Sewing
Department, ca. 1915. (11) Exterior of the 1878 building–5
stories. (12) Diagram of the fi rst fl oor. (13) Audience in
Grand Parlor awaits a lecture; inset illust. shows a doctor
interviewing a patient. (14) Illust. Typical San guest room,
1888. (15) Rate card from 1888, showing all basic costs /
expenses. (16) The Sanitarium Hospital, completed in 1888.
(17) By 1895, the San had been enlarged by a 5th story plus
two additions. (18) Menu for dinner, July 15, 1888. (19)
Leafl et promoting Sanitarium Training School of Nurses.
It opened in 1883 with a six-month program. It grew to a
full two-year course. (20). The front of an urban vegetarian
restaurant and “Battle Creek Sanitarium Treatment Rooms,”
location unknown. (21) The dispensary of the Chicago
Mission. The sign reads: “American Medical Missionary
College: Dispensary.” Constructed 1887. (22) Dr. John
Harvey Kellogg poses ca. 1895 seated outdoors with some
members of the medical and nursing staff. (23) The fi re of
18-19 Feb. 1902; it burned the main San building and the
hospital to the ground. Only one patient died in the fi re.
San losses were valued as high as $400,000 and the loss
of guests’ personal property as high as $500,000. (24) A
group of San employees by the ruins. (25). Laying of the
cornerstone for the new San on 4 May 1902. (26) Aerial view
of the huge new San from the rear, showing the gymnasium
and two treatment wings. (27) Entrance to the San. (28) The
loggia. (29) A patient wearing the blanket / robe designed by
Dr. Kellogg. (30) A Porte-air directing fresh air to the head
of a patient in bed. (31) The Grand Lobby, with a “Ladies
Corner” at center back. (32) Guests in the Grand Parlor. (33)
A guest room being prepared for a new arrival. (34) The San
switchboard, 1903. (35) Guests at the roof promenade. (36)
The San kitchen. (37) Diagrams of the grounds and buildings
of the Battle Creek Sanitarium. (38-39) Scenes from the
San laundry, ca. 1910. (40) The annual ice caravan (pulled
by horses) makes its way to the San. (41) Many patients
being led in outdoor breathing exercises. (42-45) San
patients receiving a thorough medical examination. Note:
Between 1890 and 1898 Dr. Kellogg adopted the theory
of “autointoxication” (mainly from the colon) as the most
HISTORY OF SOY YOGURT & CULTURED SOYMILK 425
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important cause of disease. (46) A laboratory; an important
aspect of diagnosing autointoxication was laboratory analysis
of body wastes. (47) Menu of special dietaries. (48) The
food booth, located just outside the Palm Garden. (49)
Local Rotarians having dinner in one of Dr. Kellogg’s dairy
barns as a demonstration of its cleanliness. (50) Label of a
box of Kellogg’s Bran, marketed as a cure for constipation.
(51) Labels of Paramels, Ssylla, and Kaba, bulk-producing
products developed at the San and sold by the Battle Creek
Food Co. (52) A sign that reads “Fletcherize” is prominently
displayed in the San’s dining room. (53) Program / schedule
for the day on a typical day, 22 Feb. 1915, printed on
the back of the day’s menu. Everyone was expected to
participate in the activities listed and each guest also received
a personal schedule of treatments. (54) The gymnasium in
1903; round the upper level is a running track. (55) Kellogg’s
Universal Dynometer measured the strength of all major
muscle groups. (58-64) The Mechanical Movement Room,
ca. 1890; incl. vibrating belts and chairs, a mechanical horse
and an abdomen-bending machine. (65) A walking party
in front of the San. (66) Members of an exercise class pose
with Indian clubs on the front terrace. (67) Improved posture
and mental and physical dexterity were the goals of sloyd
[Scandinavian exercises], ca. 1903. (68) A bedridden patient
engaged in approved exercises. (69). (69) An electrotherapy
device in 1888 with San helpers. (70) Electrostatic generator,
which Kellogg claimed was the largest ever made. (71)
A man standing inside a wire cage of coils; the rapidly
oscillating electric fi eld within this coil generated a highfrequency
electrical treatment. (72) Electrotherapy in a bath
tub. (73) Laboratory of Experimental Hydrotherapy (1800s).
(74-78) Hydrotherapy treatments. (79) The outdoor sand
bath in a huge sand box. (80) The air bath was usually used
to cool the body after a heat bath. (81-82) Three versions of
the light bath. (83) In diathermy, a high-frequency alternating
current delivered penetrating warmth to a specifi c part of
the body. (84) Kellogg standing in white suit presides at
a dinner in the Annex dining room. The average patient
stayed a month at the San. (85) Exterior view of the Annex.
(86) The new hospital building–formerly the Sanitas Food
Co. factory, 1914. (87) An operating room. (88) Horseback
riding party in front of the Annex. (89) Illust. of the 1928
Twin Towers addition to the Battle Creek San. (90) Map
of San grounds showing new addition. (91) The luxurious
lobby. (92) The men’s parlor. (93) The elegant Towers
dining room. (94) The pre-dinner rooftop Grand March.
(95) Towers accommodations (bedroom). (96) Miami Battle
Creek [Florida], 1931. (97) In “1942 both the 1903 building
and the towers addition were sold to the federal government
for $2.25” million. Kellogg relocated San activities to the
Annex and a building on the former campus of Battle Creek
College. (98) The Annex in the 1940s. (99) The fountain,
now part of the Battle Creek Federal Center. (100) A view of
Battle Creek from the San sun roof. (101) Advertisement for