World Energy Outlook 2006

Ligno-Cellulosic Technology
Process to produce ethanol from wood or straw by using chemical acid or
enzymatic hydrolysis to rupture the plant cells and then separate out the
cellulose and hemi-cellulose components to convert to sugars. The residual
lignin can be used for heat and power generation.
Lower Heating Value (LHV)
Lower heating value is the heat liberated by the complete combustion of a unit
of fuel when the water produced is assumed to remain as a vapour and the heat
is not recovered.
Natural Decline Rate
The base production decline rate of an oil or gas field without intervention to
enhance production.
Observed Decline Rate
The production decline rate of an oil or gas field after all measures have been
taken to maximise production. It is the aggregation of all the production
increases and declines of new and mature oil or gas fields in a particular region.
Other Transformation, Own Use and Losses
Other transformation, own use and losses covers the use of energy by
transformation industries and the energy losses in converting primary energy
into a form that can be used in the final consuming sectors. It includes energy
use and loss by gas works, petroleum refineries, coal and gas transformation
and liquefaction. It also includes energy used in coal mines, in oil and gas
extraction and in electricity and heat production. Transfers and statistical
differences are also included in this category.
Other Sectors
Other sectors include the residential, services, public and agriculture sectors.
Power and Heat Generation
Power generation refers to fuel use in electricity plants, heat plants and
combined heat and power (CHP) plants. Both public plants and small plants
that produce fuel for their own use (autoproducers) are included.
Annex C – Abbreviations and Definitions
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© OECD/IEA, 2007
C