12.Practice.Tests.for.the.SAT_2015-2016_1128p

12 Practice Tests for the SAT
Practice Test Eleven Answers and Explanations I
995
18. E
Difficulty: Medium
Contraction and relaxation are both states of the heart's
pumping cycle, and they are defined in this sentence.
Because relaxation is set in parentheses, the definition/
context precedes it.
Choice (A) is distortion; the final paragraph states that the
heart never rests. Choice (B) is an opposite; contraction is
the process of squeezing blood from the heart's chambers.
Choice (C) is distortion; relaxation is a part of the pumping
process, but this does not define the term. Choice (D) is a
misused detail; the plastic bottle simile is used to illustrate
the pumping process, but it does not define the term
relaxation. Choice (E) is a good match for your prediction;
the definition of relaxation in this context is stated prior to the
parentheses: expanding to allow blood in.
19. B
Difficulty: Medium
Pulmonary circulation is mentioned in line 29. Read the
following sentence for context. The author's use of That
is establishes that pulmonary circulation is about to be
defined. In this case, the pumping of blood through the
lungs and oxygenation compose the process of pulmonary
circulation.
Choice (A) is a misused detail; pulmonary circulation
begins in the right heart chamber, but the circuit is also
composed of the lungs. Choice (B) is a good match for
your prediction. Choice (C) is an opposite; blood is pumped
through the left side of the heart and the aorta following
pulmonary circulation. Choice (D) is extreme; the left heart
chamber is not involved in pulmonary circulation. Choice
(E) is extreme; coronary blood vessels are mentioned in the
opening paragraph, but the passage does not discuss their
use.
20. A
Difficulty: Medium
Line 33 is provided; reread the sentences before and
after line 33 to further ascertain the context of the
word oxygenated. Line 33 mentions the blood is newly
oxygenated; line 30 says that the blood receives oxygen
in the lungs.
Choice (A) is a good match for your prediction; pulmonary
circulation supplies oxygen to the blood. Choice (B) is an
opposite; deoxygenated is when the blood is in need of
oxygen. Choice (C) is a misused detail; blood returning to
the heart from the body is supplied with carbon dioxide, but
it is in need of oxygen. Choice (0) is distortion; although
oxygenated blood is indeed bright red, the context in
line 33 does not state this. Choice (E) is an opposite;
deoxygenated blood is dark bluish red.
21. D
Difficulty: High
What does blood deliver to the body, as it pertains to this
passage? Used blood is returned to the right side of the
heart. Because the body has taken the oxygen it needs from
the blood, it is returned to the heart.
Choice (A) is extreme; the passage never asserts that
blood is considered waste. Choice (B) is an opposite; the
deoxygenated blood is dark bluish red. Choice (C) is a
misused detail; although the blood is indeed deoxygenated,
it is not waste but instead will be passed through the right
heart and lungs to be oxygenated. Choice (D) is a good
match for your prediction; blood delivers nutrients to the
organs and tissues of the body; once it circulates, it is
used and must return to the heart to be oxygenated and
circulated again. Choice (E) is an opposite; deoxygenated
blood returning from the body must return to the right side
of the heart in order to be oxygenated.
22. c
Difficulty: Low
The heart's mass and blood needs in proportion to the
body are mentioned. The sentence begins with the word
Although, which sets the heart's mass (1 %) apart from its
blood requirements ( 4%-50/o).
Choice (A) is a misused detail; the heart comprises less than
I% of the body's weight. Choice (B) is extreme; this is the
opposite of what the paragraph is explaining. Choice (C) is
a good match for your prediction. Choice (D) is a misused
detail; the heart does need a richer supply, but the question
asks how much. Choice (E) is a misused detail; as with (A),
the heart comprises I% or less of a person's body weight.