The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Pajjunna [Ved. parjanya, for etym. see Walde, Lat. Wtb. under quercus & spargo] rain -- cloud J i.332 (p.
vuccati megho); iv.253. Otherwise only as Np. of the Rain God D ii.260; S i.29; J i.331.
Pajjota
Pajjota [cp. Ved. pradyota, pra+dyut] light, lustre, splendour, a lamp S i.15, 47; A ii.140; Sn 349; Pug 25;
Sdhp 590. -- telapajjota an oil lamp Vin i.16=D i.85= A i.56 #; Sn p. 15. -- dhammapajjota the lamp of the
Dhamma Miln 21. paññ! -- pajjota the torch of knowledge Dhs 16, 20, 292, 555; VbhA 115. pajjotassa
nibb!na' the extinguishing of the lamp D ii.157; S i.159; A iv.3.
Pajjh!yati
Pajjh!yati [pa+jh!yati2] to be in flames, to waste, decay, dry up; fig. to be consumed or overcome with
grief, disappointment or remorse Vin iii.19; iv.5; A ii.214, 216; iii.57; J iii.534 (pajjh!ti metri causa;
C=anusocati)=Miln 5. -- ppr. pajjh!yanto downcast, in formula tu*h"bh(to mankubh(to pattakkhandho
adhomukho p. M i.132, 258 and passim.
Pañca
Pañca (adj. -- num.) [Ved. pañca, Idg. *penq9e; cp. Gr. pe/nte, Lat. qu"nque, Goth. fimf, Lith. penki, Oir.
coic] number 5. -- Cases: gen. dat. pañcanna', instr. abl. pañcahi, loc. pañcasu; often used in compositional
form pañca˚ (cp. Ved. pañc!ra with 5 spokes i.16413; Gr. pempw/bolos, Lat. quinqu -- ennis etc.). -- 1.
Characteristics of No. 5 in its use, with ref, to lit. & fig. application. "Five" is the number of
"comprehensive and yet simple" unity or a set; it is applied in all cases of a natural and handy
comprehension of several items into a group, after the 5 fingers of the hand, which latter lies at the bottom
of all primitive expressions of No. 5 (see also below pañc' angulika. The word for 5 itself in its original
form is identical with the word for hand *pr8q, cp. Lat. com˚, decem, centum etc.) - A. No. 5, appld (a)
with ref. to time: catupañc!ha' 4 or 5 days J ii.114 (cp. quinque diebus Horace Sat i.316); mara*a' tuyha'
ora' m!sehi pañcahi after 5 months Vv 6310, p. m!se vasitv! DA i.319 (cp. qu. menses Hor. Sat. ii.3289). -
- (b) of space: ˚yojana&&h!na J iii.504; ˚yojan -- ubbedho gajavaro VvA 33; ˚bh(mako p!s!do J i.58 (cp. the
house of Death as 5 stories high in Grimm, M!rchen No. 42 ed. Reclam). -- (c) of a group, set, company,
etc. (cp. 5 peoples RV iii.379; vi.114; viii.92 etc.; gods x.553; priests ii.3414; iii.77; leaders of the Greek
ships Hom. Iliad 16, 171; ambassadors Genesis 472; quinque viri Hor. Sat. ii.555; Epist. ii.124): p. jan! J
v.230; p. amacc! J v.231; p. hatthino DhA i.164; pañca n!riyo agami'su Vv 322; p. putt!ni kh!d!mi Pv
i.63. -- Note. No. 5 in this appln is not so frequent in P!li as in older literature (Vedas e. g.); instead of the
simple 5 we find more freq. the higher decimals 50 and 500. See also below §§ 3, 4. B. No. 15 in two
forms: pañcadasa (f. ˚" the 15th day of the month Vv 156=A i.144; Sn 402) VvA 67 (˚kah!pa*a -- sahass!ni
d!pesi), and pa**arasa (also as f. " of the 15th or full -- moon day Pv iii.31; DhA i.198; iii.92; iv.202; VvA
314; SnA 78) Sn 153 (pannaraso uposatho); Vv 642 (pa**arase va cando; expld as pa**arasiya' VvA 276);
DhA i.388 (of age, 15 or 16 years); DA i.17 (˚bhedo Khuddaka -- nik!yo); SnA 357 (pannarasahi bhikkhu -
- satehi=1500, instead of the usual 500); PvA 154 (˚yojana). The appln is much the same as 5 and 50 (see
below), although more rare, e. g. as measure of space: ˚yojana DhA i.17 (next in sequence to pa**!sa --
yojana); J i.315; PvA 154 (cp. 15 furlongs from Jerusalem to Bethany John 11, 18; 15 cubits above the
mountains rose the flood Gen. 7. 20). C. No. 25 in two forms: pañcav"sati (the usual) e. g.
-- 388 --
DhsA 185 sq.; Miln 289 (citta -- dubbal" -- kara*! dhamm!); pa**a -- v"sati, e. g. J iv.352 (n!riyo); Th 2,
67, and pa**uv"sa' (only at J iii.138). Similarly to 15 and 25 the number 45 (pañca -- catt!)"sa) is favoured
in giving distances with ˚yojana, e. g. at J i.147, 348; DhA i.367. -- Application: of 25: (1) time: years J
iii.138; DhA i.4; (2) space: miles high and wide DhA ii.64 (ahipeto); VvA 236 (yojan!ni pharitv! pabh!).
2. Remarks on the use of 50 and 500 (5000). Both 50 and 500 are found in stereotyped and always
recurring combinations (not in Buddhist literature alone, but all over the Ancient World), and applied to
any situation indiscriminately. They have thus lost their original numerical significance and their value