The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

K!ruññat!
K!ruññat! (f.) compassionateness S i.138.
K!ru*ika
K!ru*ika (adj.) [fr. karu*a] compassionate, merciful Pv ii.113; PvA 16; Bdhd 49; often with mah!˚: of
great mercy Sdhp 330, 557; so of the Buddha: mah!k!ru*ika n!tha "the Saviour of great mercy" in
introductory stanzas to Pv and Vv.
K!reti
K!reti (Causative of karoti), to construct, to build, etc.; pp. k!rita; der. -- k!r!pa*a the construction of
(vih!ra˚) DhA i.416. For details see karoti iv.; see also k!r!paka & k!r!pita.
K!la
K!la (and K!)a) -- Preliminary. 1. dark (syn. ka*ha, which cp. for meaning and applications), black,
blueblack, misty, cloudy. Its proper sphere of application is the dark as opposed to light, and it is therefore
characteristic of all phenomena or beings belonging to the realm of darkness, as the night, the new moon,
death, ghosts, etc. -- There are two etymologies suggestible, both of which may have been blended since
IndoAryan times: (a) k!la=Sk. k!la, blue -- black, k!l" black cloud from *q!l (with which conn. *qel in
kalanka, spot, kalusa dirty, kamm!sa speckled, Gr. kelaino/s, Mhg. hilwe mist)=Lat. c!lidus spot, Gr. khli/s
spot, and khla/s dark cloud; cp. Lat. c!l"go mist, fog, darkness. -- (b) see below, under note. -- Hence. 2. the
morning mist, or darkness preceding light, daybreak, morning (cp. E. morning=Goth. maúrgins twilight,
Sk. marka eclipse, darkness; and also gloaming= gleaming=twilight), then: time in general, esp. a fixed
time, a point from or to which to reckon, i. e. term or terminus (a quo or ad quem). -- Note. The definition
of colour -- expressions is extremely difficult. To a primitive colour -- sense the principal difference worthy
of notation is that between dark and light, or dull and bright, which in their expressions, however, are
represented as complements for which the same word may be used in either sense of the complementary
part (dark for light and vice versa, cp. E. gleam > gloom). All we can say is that k!la belongs to the group
of expressions for dark which may be represented simultaneously by black, blue, or brown. That on the
other hand, black, when polished or smooth, supplies also the notion of "shining" is evidenced by k!)a and
ka*ha as well, as e. g. by *skei in Sk. ch!y!=Gr. skia/ shadow as against Ags. h!/ven "blue" (E. heaven)
and Ohg. sk"nan, E. to shine and sky. The psychological value of a colour depends on its light -- reflecting
(or light-absorbing) quality. A bright black appears lighter (reflects more light) than a dull grey, therefore a
polished (añjana) black (=suk!)a) may readily be called "brilliant." In the same way k!la, combined with
other colour -- words of black connotation does not need to mean "black," but may mean simply a kind of
black, i. e. brown. This depends on the semasiological contrast or equation of the passage in question. Cp.
Sk. $y!ma (dark -- grey) and $y!va (brown) under k!s!ya. That the notion of the speckled or variegated
colour
-- 211 --
belongs to the sphere of black, is psychologically simple (: dark specks against a light ground, cp.
kamm!sa), and is also shown by the second etymology of k!la=Sk. $!ra, mottled, speckled=Lat. caerulus,
black -- blue and perhaps caelum "the blue" (cp. heaven)=Gr. khru/los the blue ice -- bird. (On k > s cp.
ka**a > $%*ga, kilamati > $ramati, kilissati > $lis˚, etc.) The usual spelling of k!la as k!)a indicates a
connection of the ) with the r of $!ra. -- The definition of k!)a as jh!m' ang!rasadisa is conventional and is
used both by Bdhgh. and Dhp!la: DhsA 317 and PvA 90. 1. K!)a, dark, black, etc., in enumn of colours Vv
221 (see VvA 111). na k!)o sama*o Gotamo, na pi s!mo: mangura -- cchavi samano G. "The ascetic
Gotamo is neither black nor brown: he is of a golden skin" M i.246; similarly as k!)" v! s!m! v!
manguracchav" v! of a kaly!*", a beautiful woman at D I.193= M. ii.40; k!)a -- s!ma at Vin iv.120 is to be
taken as dark -- grey. -- Of the dark half of the month: see ˚pakkha, or as the new moon: !game k!)e "on the