The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Utti**a [pp. of uttarati] drawn out, pulled out, nt. outlet, passage J ii.72 (pa**as!l!ya utti**!ni karoti make
entrances in the hut). Or should it be utti*a?
Utrasta
Utrasta [pp. of uttasati, also cp. uttasta] frightened, ter- rified, alarmed Vin ii.184; S i.53, 54 (an˚); Sn 986;
Miln 23; DhA ii.6 (˚m!nasa); PvA 243 (˚citta), 250 (˚sabh!va).
Utr!sa
Utr!sa [= utt!sa] terror J ii.8 (citt˚).
Utr!sin
Utr!sin (adj.) [fr. *Sk. uttr!sa = P. utt!sa] terrified, fright- ened, fearful, anxious S i.99, 219. -- Usually neg.
an˚ in phrase abh"ru anutr!sin apal!yin without fear, steadfast & not running away S i.99; Th 1, 864; Nd2
13; J iv.296; v.4; Miln 339. See also apal!yin.
Ud
Ud -- [Vedic ud -- ; Goth. (t = Ohg. (z = E. out, Oir. ud -- ; cp. Lat. (sque "from -- unto" & Gr. u(/steros =
Sk. uttara] prefix in verbal & nominal combn. One half of all the words beginning with u˚ are combns. with
ud˚, which in compn. appears modified according to the rules of assimilation as prevailing in P!li. -- I.
Original meaning "out in an upward direction", out of, forth; like ummujjati to rise up out of (water),
ujjalati to blaze up high; udeti to come out of & go up; ukka*&ha stretching one's neck out high (cp. Ger.
"empor"); uggilati to "swallow up", i. e. spit out. -- The opposites of ud -- are represented by either ava or
o˚ (see under II. & IV. & cp. ucc -- âvaca; uddhambh!giya: orambh!giya), ni (see below) or vi (as udaya: vi
-- aya or vaya). -- II. Hence develop 2 clearly defined meanings, viz. (1) out, out of, away from -- : ˚a*ha
("day -- out"); ˚agga ("top -- out"); ˚!gacchati; ˚ikkhati look out for, expect; ˚kantati tear out; ˚khitta thrown
off; ˚khipati pick out; ˚gacchati come out; ˚gama*a rising (opp. o˚); ˚gajjati shout out; ˚gilati (opp. o˚);
˚ghoseti shout out; ˚cin!ti pick out; ˚chi&&ha thrown out; ˚jagghati laugh at, cp. Ger. aus -- lachen ˚tatta
smelted out; ˚t!na stretched out; ˚d!leti tear out; ˚dha&a lifted out, drawn out; ˚disati point out to; ˚dr"yati
pull out; ˚pajjati to be produced; ˚patti & ˚p!da coming out, origin, birth; ˚pa&ipatiy! out of reach; ˚pa)!seti
sound out; ˚ph!sulika "ribs out"; etc. etc. -- (2) up (high) or high up, upwards, on to (cp. ucca high, uttara
higher) -- : ˚kujja erect (opp. ava˚); ˚k(la sloping up (opp. vi˚); ˚khipati throw -- up, ˚ga*h!ti take up;
˚chindati cut up; ˚javati go up -- stream, ˚javana id. (opp. o˚); uñña pride; ˚th!na "standing up" ˚&hita got up;
˚tarati come out, go up (opp. o˚); ˚nata raised up, high (opp. o˚); ˚nama e -- levation; ˚n!min raised (opp.
ni˚); ˚patati fly up; etc. etc. -- III. More specialised meanings (from elliptical or figurative use) are: (1) ud˚
= without, "ex -- ", e. g. unnangala "outplough" = without a plough; uppabbajita an ex -- bhikkhu. (2)
ud˚ = off, i. e. out of the way, wrong, e. g. uppatha a wrong road, ummagga id. -- (3) ud˚ = out of the
ordinary, i. e. exceedingly, e. g. ujjangala extremely dusty; uppanduka very pale; uppo&heti to beat hard. --
IV. Dialectical variations & combinations. -- (1) Owing to semantic affinity we often find an interchange
between ud˚ and ava˚ (cp. E. break up = break down, grind up or down, tie up or down), according to
different points of view. This wavering between the two prefixes was favoured by the fact that o always
had shown an unstable tendency & had often been substituted for or replaced by (, which in its place was
reduced to u before a double consonant, thus doing away with the diff. between ( & u or o & u. For
comparison see the foll.: ukkamati & okk˚; uññ!: avañña; uddiyati: odd˚; u..eyya o..˚; upp")eti: op")˚; etc.,
& cp. abbhokirati > abbhukkirati. -- (2) the most freq. combns. that ud˚ enters into are those with the
intensifying prefixes abhi˚ and sam˚; see e. g. abhi + ud (= abbhud˚) + gacchati, ˚jalati; ˚&h!ti; ˚namati etc.;
sam + ud + eti; ˚kamati; ˚chindati; ˚tejeti; ˚pajjati etc.
Uda