The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

G!dhati
G!dhati [v. der. fr. g!dha2] to stand fast, to be on firm ground, to have a firm footing: !po ca pa&hav" ca tejo
v!yo na g!dhati "the four elements have no footing" D i.223=S i.15; -- Dhamma -- Vinaye g!dhati "to stand
fast in the Doctrine & Discipline" S iii.59 sq.
G!ma
G!ma [Vedic gr!ma, heap, collection, parish; *grem to comprise; Lat. gremium; Ags. crammian (E. cram),
Obulg. gramada (village community) Ohg. chram; cp. *ger in Gr. a)geirw, a)gora/, Lat, grex.] a collection
of houses, a hamlet (cp. Ger. gemeinde), a habitable place (opp. arañña: g!me v! yadi vâraññe Sn 119), a
parish or village having boundaries & distinct from the surrounding country (g!mo ca g!mupac!ro ca Vin
i.109, 110; iii.46). In size varying, but usually small & distinguished from nigama, a market -- town. It is
the smallest in the list of settlements making up a "state" (ra&&ha'). See definition & description at Vin
iii.46, 200. It is the source of support for the bhikkhus, and the phrase g!ma' pi*.!ya carati "to visit the
parish for alms" is extremely frequent. -- 1. a village as such: Vin i.46; 4r!mika˚, Pilinda˚ Vin i.28, 29 (as
4r!mikag!maka & Pilinda -- g!maka at Vin iii.249); Saky!na' g!me janapade Lumbineyye Sn 683;
Uruvela˚ Pv ii.1318; g!mo nâtik!lena pavisitabbo M i.469; ˚' ra&&hañ ca bhuñjati Sn 619, 711; g!me ti'sa
kul!ni honti J i.199; -- Sn 386, 929, 978; J ii.153; vi.366; Dh 47, 49; Dhs 697 (suñño g.); PvA 73 (g!me
amaccakula); 67 (g!massa dv!rasam"pena). -- g!m! g!ma' from hamlet to hamlet M ii.20; Sn 180 (with
nag! naga'; expl. SnA 216 as devag!m! devag!ma'), 192 (with pur! pura'); Pv ii.1318. In the same sense
g!mena g!ma' Nd2 177 (with nigamena n˚, nagarena n˚., ra&&hena r˚., janapadena j˚.). -- 2. grouped with
nigama, a market -- town: g!manigamo sevitabbo or asevitabbo A iv.365 sq., cp. v.101 (w.
janapadapadeso); -- Vin iii.25, 184 (˚' v! nigama' v! upaniss!ya); iv.93 (pi*.!ya pavisati); g!massa v!
nigamassa v! avid(re D i.237; M i.488; g!me v! nigame v! Pug 66. -- 3. as a geographical -- political unit
in the constitution of a kingdom, enumd in two sets: (a) g!ma -- nigamar!jadh!niyo Vin iii.89; A iii.108;
Nd2 271iii; Pv ii.1318; DhA i.90. -- (b) g!ma -- nigama -- nagara -- ra&&ha -- janapada Nd2 177, 304iii
(˚bandhana), 305 (˚kath!); with the foll. variations: g. nigama nagara M ii.33 -- 40; g. nigama janapada Sn
995; Vism 152; g!m!ni nigam!ni ca Sn 118 (expld by SnA 178: ettha ca saddena nagar!ni ti pi vattabba').
-- See also dv!ra˚; paccanta˚; b"ja˚; bh(ta˚; m!tu˚. -- anta the neighbourhood of a village, its border, the
village itself, in ˚n!yaka leading to the village A iii.189; ˚vih!rin (=!raññaka) living near a v. M i.31, 473;
A iii.391 (w. nemantanika and gahapati -- c"vara -- dhara); -- Sn 710; -- antara the (interior of the) village,
only in t. t. g!mantara' gacchati to go into the v. Vin ii.300, & in ˚kappa the "village -- trip -- licence" (
Vin. Texts iii.398) ib. 294, 300; cp. iv.64, 65; v.210; -- ûpac!ra the outskirts of a v. Vin i.109, 110; defined
at Vin iii.46, 200; -- kath! village -- talk, gossip about v. -- affairs. Included in the list of foolish talks
(+nigama˚, nagara˚, janapada˚) D i.7 (see expln at DA i.90); Sn 922. See kath!; -- kamma that which is to
be done to, or in a village, in ˚' karoti to make a place habitable J i.199; -- k(&a "the village -- fraud," a
sycophant S ii.258; J iv.177 (=k(&avedin); -- go*! (pl.) the village cattle J i.194; -- gh!ta those who sack
villages, a marauder, dacoit (of cor! thieves) D i.135; S ii.188; -- gh!taka (cor!) =˚gh!ta S iv.173; Miln 20;
Vism 484; nt. village plundering J i.200. -- jana the people of the v. Miln 47; -- &&h!na in pur!*a˚ a ruined
village J ii.102; -- d!rak! (pl.) the youngsters of the v. J iii.275; f. -- d!rik! the girls of the v. PvA 67; --
dvaya, in ˚v!sika living in (these) two vs. PvA 77; -- dv!ra the v. gates, the entrance to the v. Vin iii.52; J
ii.110, 301; cp. PvA 67; -- dhamma doings with women -- folk (cp. m!tug!ma), vile conduct D
i.4#(+methuna) A i.211; J ii.180 (=vasaladhamma); VvA 11; DA i.72 (= g!ma -- v!s"na' dhamma?); --
poddava (v. l. k!mapudava) a shampooer (? Vin. Texts iii.66; Bdhgh explains: k!mapudav! ti chavi -- r!ga
-- ma*.anânuyutt! n!garikamanuss!; g!ma' podav! ti pi p!dho es' ev' attho, Vin ii.315) Vin ii.105; --
bhojaka the village headman J i.199; DhA i.69; -- majjhe in the midst of the v. J i.199; vi.332; -- vara an
excellent v. S i.97; J i.138; -- v!sin the inhabitant of a v. J ii.110; v.107; DA i.72; -- saññ! the thought of a
v. M iii.104; -- sam"pe near a v. J i.254; -- sahassa a thousand parishes (80,000 under the rule of King
Bimbis!ra) Vin i.179; -- s!manta in the neighbourhood of a v., near a v. D i.101; (+mgama˚) -- s"m! the
boundary of the parish Vin i.110 (+nigama˚); -- s(kara a village pig J iii.393.
G!maka