The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Garu [Vedic guru; Gr. baru/s, Lat. gravis & brutus, Goth. kaurus] 1. adj. (a) lit. heavy, opp. lahu light,
appld to bh!ra, a load S iii.26; J i.196 (= bh!rika); vi.420; DhA i.48; Sdhp 494 (r(pagarubh!ra the heavy
load of "form"). Compar. garutara (as against Sk. gar"ya') PvA 191. -- (b) fig. important, to be esteemed,
valued or valuable A iii.110 sq. (piya man!pa g. bhavan"ya); c. gen. or -- ˚ bent on (often in sequence ˚garu,
˚ninna, ˚po*a, etc., e. g. Vism 135); pursuing, paying homage to, reverent; (or) esteemed by, honoured,
venerated: Satthugaru esteeming the Lord; Dhamma˚, Sanghe g. A iii.331=iv.28 sq.; dosa˚ S i.24; kodha˚,
saddhamma˚ (pursuing, fostering) A ii.46 sq.=84 sq.; Sdhp 1 (sabba -- loka˚ worshipped by all the world);
Dpvs iv.12. -- agaru (c. gen.) irreverent towards Sn p. 51 (Gotamassa). Cp. garuka, g!rava; also agaru &
agalu. -- 2. N. a venerable person, a teacher: garuna' dassan!ya & sak!sa' Sn 325, 326 (v. l. gar(na' to be
preferred, so also SnA 332, 333); gar(na' d!r! It 36. -- garukaroti (for garu' k˚) to esteem, respect, honour;
usually in series sakkaroti g˚ m!neti p(jeti Vin ii.162; M i.31; D i.91; A iii.76; iv.276; Nd2 334 (on
namati), 530 (on yasassin); PvA 54. Expl. at DA i.256 by g!rava' karoti. -- garuk!tabba worthy of esteem
PvA 9. -- garuk!ra (sakk!ra g. m!nana vandana) esteem, honour, regard Pug 19=Dhs 1121. -- See also
guru. -- upanissita (adj.) depending on a teacher, one being taught Ps ii.202; -- &&h!niya one who takes the
place of a teacher A iii.21, 393; Nett 8; Vism 344. -- dhamma a rule to be observed. There are 8 chief rules
enum. at Vin ii.255=A iv.276, 280; see also Vin iv.51, 315; v.136. Taken in the sense of a violation of these
rules Vin i.49=ii.226; i.52, 143, 144; ii.279; -- nissaya in ˚' ga*h!ti to take up dependency on a teacher, i. e.
to consider oneself a pupil Vin ii.303; -- sa'vasa association with a teacher Nd2 235 4˚; Miln 408.
Garuka
Garuka [from garu] somewhat heavy. -- 1. lit. J i.134 (of the womb in pregnancy); Dh 310; Miln 102.
Usually coupled & contrasted with lahuka, light: in def. of sense of touch Dhs 648; similarly w. sithila,
dhanita, d"gha, rassa Miln 344; DA i.177 (in expl. of dasavidha vyañjana). -- 2. fig. (a) heavy, grave,
serious esp. appld to -- !patti, breach of regulations, offence (opp. lahuka) Vin v.115, 130, 145, 153; Dh
138 (!b!dha, illness); appld to kamma at Vism 601 (one of the four kinds); nt. as adv. considerably Miln 92
(˚' parinamati). (b) important, venerable, worthy of reverence Th 2, 368 (Satthu s!sana=garuk!tabba
ThA 251); Miln 140. -- (c) -- ˚ "heavy on," bent on, attaching importance to: nah!na˚ fond of bathing Vin
i.196; tadattha˚ engaged in (jh!na) Nd2 264; kamma˚ attributing importance to k. Nd2 411; saddhamma˚
revering the Doctrine Sdhp. 520. Nibb!na -- garuka Vism 117 (+Nâdhimutta & N -- pabbh!ra). -- !patti a
grievous offence, see above. As terasa g -- ˚ino at Miln 310.
Garutta
Garutta (nt.) the fact of being honoured or considered worthy of esteem, honourableness A v.164 sq.
Garu)a
Garu)a [Derivation uncertain. Sk. garu.a, Lat. volucer winged, volo to fly]. N. of a mythical bird, a harpy
Ps ii.196=Nd2 235, 3 q.; Vism 206; VvA 9 (= supa**a); DhA i.144.
Gala
Gala [*gel to devour, to swallow=Lat. gula, Ohg. kela, cp. Sk. gala jaluk!, and *g9el, as Gr. de/lear, cp.
also Sk. girati, gilati Dhtp 262 gives as meaning of gal "adana." This root gal also occurs at Vism 410 in
fanciful def. of "puggala"; the meaning here is not exactly sure (to cry, shout?)] the throat J i.216, 264,
iii.26; iv.494: i.194 (a dewlap); PvA 11, 104. -- agga the top of the throat Sdhp 379; -- ajjhoharaniya able to
be swallowed (of solid food) Dhs 646, 740, 875; -- ggaha taking by the throat, throttling D i.144
(+da*.apah!ra); -- n!)" the larynx DhA i.253; ii.257; -- ppam!*a (adj.) going up to the neck J i.264 (!v!&a);
-- pariyos!*a forming the end of the throat J iii.126; -- ppavedhaka (nt.) pain in the throat M i.371; -- m(la
the bottom of the throat PvA 283. -- v!&aka the bottom (?) of the throat (oesophagus?) Vism 185, 258. Note.
-- gala with many other words containing a guttural+liquid element belongs to the onomatopoetic roots k!l
&gcircle;l (k!r &gcircle;r), usually reduplicated (iterative), the main applications of which are the following:
1. The (sounding) throat in designation of swallowing, mostly with a dark (guttural) vowel: gulp, belch,