Untitled

ecreational geography see geography,
recreational
recreational media see media, recreational
recreational sport see sport, recreational
recreational tourist see tourist, recreational
recruitment
Recruitment can be defined as the process of
identifying qualified employees and encouraging
them to apply for positions in an organisation.
The process begins by reconciling the demand
and supply for personnel. This personnel
reconciliation process determines how many
employees are needed and what qualifications
they should have.
Much of the work in recruiting is done prior to
actually placing any ads in newspapers or posting
notices in employee lounges. This `pre-recruiting'
stage of the recruitment process begins by reviewing
the information contained in job analyses, job
descriptions and job specifications. Activities undertaken
at this point include reviewing job
analysis, job description and job specification
information for currency and applicability; identifying
applicable laws and regulations, determining
the message intended to be conveyed to applicants,
deciding what other questions to be asked during
recruiting, determining whether to recruit internally,
externally or both, selecting recruiters, implementing
recruiting methods and strategies,
establishing criteria for evaluating the pool of
applicants, and establishing criteria for evaluating
the recruiting method. Costs per hire, number of
contacts made, acceptance±offer ratios and salary
requested rates all vary depending on the type of
method used. Prior to beginning a recruiting
programme, tourism companies need to establish
acceptable rates for each of these and other
evaluation criteria. The process continues until
desirable candidates are identified and encouraged
to apply. Preference is increasingly given to those
who have completed various phases of hospitality
and tourism training and education, now
popularly offered worldwide.
recycling
recycling 493
ROBERT H. WOODS, USA
Recycling is the process of recovering materials
from waste and reprocessing them into useful
products. Recycling is now increasingly practised
at the domestic household level, in the wider
community and as a component of commercial
waste management and minimisation. Tourism
establishments are well suited to recycling programmes,
which are often perceived by guests as
more important than waste reduction.
Ample opportunities for recycling are presented
by tourism operations. Onsite recycling can also be
practised through the composting of organic wastes
�food/vegetation), composting toilets for human
wastes and reuse of grey water on gardens and in
the toilet system. Successful and efficient recycling
calls for separation of wastes and adequate
recycling infrastructure. Collecting widely dispersed
waste materials for recycling and getting
them back into the production system can be a
difficult task. Lack of an efficient system for
collection, transportation and storage of recyclable
materials can be a significant barrier to recycling,
no mater how strong and enthusiastic the commitment.
This becomes even more of an impediment
at isolated tourism establishments, such as remote
nature tourism or ecotourism resorts and
island resorts, where longer term storage and
periodic despatch to centralised treatment facilities
is necessary.
A basic deterrent to recycling is cost. Larger
tourism undertakings can operate at a sufficient
scale to install appropriate infrastructure for
recycling. Smaller independent concerns may not
generate sufficient wastes of sufficient diversity to
justify the costs of separation, storage and transport.
Moreover, the returns from disposal of
recyclable materials may not offset the cost of
recycling. Again, older tourism establishments may
not have the space to install recycling infrastructure.