Cambridge Ancient Hi.. - Index of

the cities 581
were redeveloped, the baths were cleared of debris and put back into use, and
a similar redevelopment took place at Sardis. At Anemurium, the palaestra
was abandoned and built over by houses and shops; but two bath complexes
were maintained, and a third, smaller, one was built. It was apparently in the
early fifth century that Scholasticia restored the bath complex beside the
street of the Kuretes in the centre of Ephesus. Baths continued to be repaired
and maintained at many other sites, such as Aphrodisias, Didyma and
Oenoanda, where, as at Side, the aqueduct was also repaired in this period.
Theatres largely remained in use, although stadia tended to be altered; recent
excavations have revealed a church built into the substructure of the stadium
at Ephesus.
Along with these developments came the construction of new kinds of
buildings for new purposes. One new category was that of the residential
and administrative complexes required for the new church hierarchy; such
buildings are coming to be recognized at various sites, although they may
sometimes be hard to distinguish from the similar buildings which were
also constructed at about the same time for governors at provincial capitals.
These buildings themselves are also closely related to the large and
lavish private houses which were built or restored in many cities of Asia
Minor and Cyprus in this period, as for example Sardis, Aphrodisias or
Salamis; particularly striking are the houses at Paphos, which were richly
decorated with mosaics in the fifth century.
Parallel with the development of large private houses in this period was
the extensive building of shops and other small-scale (presumably private)
structures. A typical complex is that of the Byzantine shops at Sardis, constructed
in the fifth century and destroyed in the seventh; even if they were
less formally organized than shops of the Roman period, they represented
new investment. There is considerable evidence for continuing and lively
trade in this period. This is brought most vividly alive by the inscriptions
from the cemetery at Korykos, in southern Asia Minor, where members of
a very large number of different trades recorded their professional status
on their tombstones; the interest of these texts – which appear to be largely
of the fifth century – is not just as evidence of economic activity, but also
as showing the importance of such activity to a man’s status in society. The
recent excavations at Sagalassos have uncovered an important centre for
the manufacture of pottery: ‘The position of at least ten kilns has been
identified. They range in date from the Late Hellenistic period to the early
sixth century a.d. The extent of the quarter makes it clear that Sagalassos
must have been a major production centre in Southern Turkey working for
an export market.’ 21 At several coastal settlements in Lycia granaries and
other storage facilities were being built in late antiquity. 22
21 Mitchell, Owens and Waelkens (1989) 74; cf. Waelkens (1993) 48. 22 Foss (1994).
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