SEMNAS Hortikultura Buku 2 - Departemen Pertanian

Application of Chemical and Bio-Fertilizers in Relation to String Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Yield and Soil-Borne
Pathogen
Mulyadi, Pustika, A. B. and Iswadi, A
K fertilizer applied the higher pod yield obtained which the highest pod yield, i. e. 15.94 t/ha, was
obtained by N, P, and K fertilizer applications at high rate (treatment H). This pod yield was
significant higher around of 0.90 t/ha compared to pod yields that obtained by N, P, and K fertilizer
applications at medium and low rates (treatment M and L).
Table 3. Effects of bio-fertilizer and chemical fertilizer applications on the dry matter and pod yields
of string bean planted on soil formed from volcanic sediment in Pakem, Sleman Regency.
Chemical
Fertilizer
Treatments
Bio-fertilizer Treatments
E-1 (E-2) MU MC Control
Dry matter yield (t/ha)
Mean
L 0.82 a 1 0.81 a 0.79 a 0.73 a 0.78 a 0.79 A
M 0.77 a 0.75 a 0.70 a 0.73 a 0.87 a 0.77 A
H 0.84 a 0.88 a 0.83 a 0.72 a 0.80 a 0.81 A
Mean
0.81 A 0.81 A 0.77 A 0.73 A 0.82 A
Fresh Pod yield (t/ha)
L 15.70 a 15.05 b 14.60 a 14.40 a 14.67 a 14.88 B
M 15.85 a 15.43 ab 14.20 a 14.20 a 15.78 a 15.09 AB
H 16.20 a 16.71 a 16.10 a 14.90 a 15.81 a 15.94 A
Mean
15.92 A 15.73 A 14.97 A 14.50 A 15.42 A
Dry pod yield (t/ha)
L 0.94 a 0.90 b 0.86 a 0.85 a 0.88 a 0.90 B
M 0.95 a 0.93 ab 0.85 a 0.85 a 0.95 a 0.94 AB
H 0.97 a 1.00 a 0.96 a 0.89 a 0.95 a 0.97 A
Mean
0.95 A 0.94 A 0.89 A 0.86 A 0.92 A
1 Means separation at 5% level (LSD); capital letters between mean values, small letters between chemical
fertilizer values.
The Effect of Bio-fertilizers on Wilt Disease Intensity
Wilt disease intensity on bio-fertilized string bean was significantly lower than control (Table
4). Wilt disease intensity on bio-fertilized plants was < 0.067%, while on control was 0.233%. Wilt
disease could be caused by Fusarium spp. and Ralstonia spp. which were associated with plants.
Table 4. Wilt disease intensity on string bean applied by different bio-fertilizer
Bio-fertilizer Treatment Wilt Disease Intensity (%)
E1 0.000
E2 0.067
MU 0.000
MC 0.000
Control 0.233
The low value of disease intensity on plants treated by bio-fertilizers was caused by complex
interactions between the plant, the pathogen, the arbuscular mychorrizas (AM) fungi, and the
microbial community on and around the plant. Harrier and Watson (2004) reported that AM are
particularly important in organic and/or sustainable farming systems that rely on biological processes
rather than agrochemicals to control plant diseases. Of particular importance is the bio-protection
conferred to plants against many soil borne pathogens such as species of Aphanomyces,
Cylindrocladium, Fusarium, Macrophomina, Phytophthora, Pythium, Rhizoctonia, Sclerotinium,
Prosiding SeminarNasional Pekan Inovasi Teknologi Hortikultura Nasional: Penerapan Inovasi Teknologi Hortikultura
dalam Mendukung Pembangunan Hortikultura yang Berdaya Saing dan Berbasis Sumberdaya Genetik Lokal,
Lembang, 5 Juli 2012
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