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inostrani kapital kao faktor razvoja zemalja - Ekonomski fakultet u ...

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Dr Saša Obradović *<br />

REZULTATI PROGRAMA MMF U STRUKTURNIM I<br />

MAKROEKONOMSKIM PRILAGOĐAVANJIMA ZEMALJA<br />

ČLANICA<br />

Abstrakt: Osnovni kreditni potencijal MMF formira se kroz finansijske doprinose<br />

(kvote) <strong>zemalja</strong> članica, <strong>kao</strong> i kroz dopune u vidu pozajmica. Jedan od osnovnih ciljeva<br />

Fonda jeste pružanje finansijske pomoći zemljama članicama radi prevazilaženja<br />

platnobilansnih neravnoteža. Ta se pomoć ostvaruje kroz korišćenje Fondovih finansijskih<br />

resursa, koji čine bazu međunarodne likvidnosti u funkciji očuvanja stabilnosti svetskog<br />

monetarnog sistema. U radu se istražuje uloga, koju Fond ima u kreiranju<br />

makroekonomske politike <strong>zemalja</strong> članica. Dat je selektivan prikaz Fondovih finansijskih<br />

instrumenata koji imaju uticaj na makroekonomske performanse zemlje u dugom roku, <strong>kao</strong><br />

vremenskom horizontu posmatranja. Ispituje se na bazi toga, uloga MMF u programima<br />

strukturnog i makroekonomskog prilagođavanja u cilju postizanja eksterne i interne<br />

ekonomske ravnoteže. Kakvi su rezultati tih programa koje su sprovodile zemlje članice?<br />

Kakve se kritike u tom pogledu mogu uputiti na račun Fonda? Da li je Fond u stanju da<br />

kreira okvir globalizacije finansijskih tokova, a da se pri tome ne ugrozi stabilnost<br />

međunarodnog monetarnog sistema? To su pitanja na koja sam nastojao da odgovorim u<br />

ovom radu.<br />

Ključne reči: MMF, Strukturno prilagođavanje, Makroekonomska stabilnost,<br />

<strong>Ekonomski</strong> rast.<br />

THE RESULTS OF IMF FOR THE STRUCTURAL AND MACROECONOMIC<br />

ADJUSTMENTS OF ITS MEMBER COUNTRIES<br />

Abstract: IMF’s basic credit potential is formed by financial contributions (quotas)<br />

from its member countries, as well as by contributions in the form of loans. One of the<br />

fundamental goals of IMF is to offer financial help to its member countries in order to help<br />

them overcome their expenditure disbalances. This aid is realized through usage of IMF’s<br />

financial resources that constitute the bases of international solvency in order to preserve<br />

the stability of the world’s monetary system. This paper researches the role of the IMF in<br />

creating the macroeconomic policies in its member countries. The selective presentation of<br />

the IMF’s financial instruments that have the long term influence on the country’s<br />

macroeconomic performances is also given. For this purpose, the role of IMF’s programs<br />

in structural and macroeconomic adjustments that aim to the achievement of external and<br />

internal economic balance is also examined. What are the results of the programs that have<br />

been implemented by the member countries? What sort of criticism can, thus, be directed to<br />

IMF? Is IMF capable of creating the framework for globalization of financial flows without<br />

* <strong>Ekonomski</strong> <strong>fakultet</strong>, Kragujevac<br />

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