inostrani kapital kao faktor razvoja zemalja - Ekonomski fakultet u ...

dr Slobodan Marković *
Biljana Lazić, dipl.ecc **
STRANE DIREKTNE INVESTICIJE I EKONOMSKI RAZVOJ
ZEMALJA U TRANZICIJI
Rezime: Poslednjih decenija, svedoci smo naglih promena na svetskoj ekonomskoj
sceni koje se, pre svega, manifestuju kroz transformaciju centralističko-planskih privreda u
tržišno orijentisane. Svakako, sve zemlje u tranziciji teže brzom uključivanju u evropske
tokove, pa prilagođavaju svoje politike, zakonske okvire, infrastrukturu itd. kako bi
pokrenule priliv svežeg kapitala iz inostranstva. Upravo opisane pojave ukazuju na
neophodnost razmatranja i razumevanja fenomena stranih direktnih investicija kao oblika
ulaganja inostranog kapitala u zemlje u tranziciji. Svrha rada je da prikaže razvoj i
osnovne oblike SDI-a , kao i motive stranih investitora. U radu će se istaći koje su zemlje
najveći investitori, a koje najveći primaoci sredstava, sa posebnim osvrtom na učešće
stranih direktnih investicija u kapitalu zemalja Centralne i Jugoistočne Evrope.
Prevashodni cilj rada je da na osnovu iskustava zemalja u razvoju istakne sve pozitivnosti
SDI-a kao pokretača i stabilizatora privrede, ali i da ukaže na njihove negativne efekte i
očekivanja koja nisu bila ispunjena prilivom inostranog kapitala u tranzitorne zemlje.
Ključne reči: tranzicija, strane direktne investicije-SDI, zemlje investitori, zemlje
primaoci
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF
COUNTRIES IN TRANSITION
Abstract: During last decades, we are the witnesses of fast changes on the world
economy scene primarily manifested through transformation of centrally-planned
economies into the ones oriented towards market. Surely, all countries in transiton tend to
fast their inclusion into European courses, so they adjust their policy, legal regulations,
infrastructure etc. in order to get fresh money from abroad. Previously described changes
themselves show the inevitability of considering and understanding the phenomenon of
foreign direct investments as a form of bringing fresh sums of money from abroad into the
countries in transition. The purpose of this paper-work is to present the development and
main forms of foreign direct investments (FDI), as well as the motives of foreign investors
and conditions of the countries being receivers of certain amounts of money. There will be
pointed out in the text which countries are the greatest investors, and which ones are the
greatest receivers of fresh money, with the special attention to participation of foreign
direct investments in the capital of the countries situated in central and south-eastern
Europe. The fundamental aim of this work is to point out, according to all experience of the
developing countries, all positive sides of FDI as a starter and stabilizer of economy. But,
* Fakultet za spoljnu trgovinu, Geri Karolja br.1, Novi Sad
** Fakultet za spoljnu trgovinu, Geri Karolja br.1, Novi Sad, e-mail: biki3103@yahoo.com
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