Том 1

Проблемы развития внешнеэкономических связей и привлечения иностранных инвестиций: региональный аспект, 2010Таким образом, каждый результат по каждой сомнительной альтернативе взвешивается по двум этим критериям. На что решитсяоперирующая сторона, зависит от ее отношения к риску, от того, в каких пропорциях она готова обменять дополнительные порции риска надополнительные порции выигрыша.СПИСОК ИСТОЧНИКОВ1. Мелкумов Я.С. Экономическая оценка эффективности инвестиций/ Мелкумов Я.С. – М.: ИКЦ «ДИС», 1997. – 159с.2. Первозванский А.А. Финанасовый рынок: расчет и риск / Первозванский А.А., Первозванская Т.Н.. – М.: Инфра – М,1994.- 235c.3. Ковалев В.В. Финансовый анализ / Ковалев В.В. – М.: Финансы и статистика, 1995. – 511с.4. Капитоненко В.В. Финансовая математика и ее приложения / Капитоненко В.В.. – М.: Изд-во ПРИОР, 1998.-139сРЕЗЮМЕВ работе рассмотрена задача принятия решений в условиях неопределенности и риска. Доказан принцип равновероятности принятия решений вусловиях неопределенности. Показано его применение для решения задачи диверсификации инвестирования в различные депозиты.РЕЗЮМЕУ роботі розглянута задача ухвалення рішень в умовах невизначеності і ризику. Доведений принцип рівноймовірності ухвалення рішень вумовах невизначеності. Показано його застосування для вирішення задачі диверсифікації інвестування в різні депозити.SUMMARYThe task of acceptance of decisions in the conditions of vagueness and risk is considered in work. Principle of equilibrate acceptance of decisions in theconditions of vagueness is proved. His application for the decision of task of diversification of investing in different deposits is shown.MODERN TENDENCIES OF EXPORTING OF GEORGIALekashvili E., Doctor of Economics, Associate Professor, Faculty of Economics and Business, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State UniversityTbilisi,Georgia ⋅Currency of the problem: Fundamental and systemic economic changes in Georgia consider transition to market economy, development of open economyand involvement in world economic space. The main result of the mentioned changes is the establishment of business entities with competitive productionat world market. In the course of the period of open economy development and transition to market economy, several problems were revealed, and one ofsuch problems is deficit of knowledge of right orientating at foreign markets. Deficit of knowledge especially has been especially revealed recently, underthe conditions of Russian embargo on Georgian wines and mineral waters and unavailability to export Georgian products at the EU and other foreignmarkets.Trade is holding fundamental place in foreign economic activities of Georgia and thus currency of the research subject is doubtless.Georgian companies are broadening foreign relations that are reflected in the growth of export. According to the Statistics Department of Georgia tradebalance of goods and services of Georgia in 2004-2008YY increased from -$1198.7 million to -$4808.5 million, while the mentioned rate in 2009 madeup -$1761.4 million (See Table No 1).The number of foreign trade partners is increasing both in developed and developing countries. However, the top ten trade partners (in export) for Georgiaare: Turkey, Azerbaijan, Canada, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Armenia, USA, Italy, Russia and Greece.Table No 1 - Foreign Trade of Georgia, 2004-2009 January-July, Million USD2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 January-JulyForeign Trade Turnover 2492.5 3355.4 4613.9 6447.3 7800.6 2996.0Registered Export of Goods (FOB) 646.9 865.5 936.2 1232.4 1496.1 617.3Registered Import of Goods (CIF) 1845.6 2490.0 3677.7 5214.9 6304.6 2378.7Foreign Trade Balance -1198.7 -1624.5 -2741.5 -3982.5 -4808.5 -1761.4Source: www.statistics.geThe essence of the problem is that in January-June of 2009, almost 80,5% of export was made from these 10 main countries (Previous years arecharacterized with the same rates: 82,3% - in 2001, 83,7% - in 2002, 82,4% - in 2003, 80,1% - 2004, approximately 94% from 6 countries - in 2005, and95% from 6 countries in 2006. Despite the fact that export volume was increasing in the mentioned countries, non-diversification of commodity structureof export and markets restricts prospects of export’s further development. It should be noted that increase of the number of partners defined growth ofcompetition among contractors that is determining factor for increase of export effectiveness.Export quota is one of the factors that reveal existing problems in exporting field of Georgia. Export quota indicates export volume correlation with thecountry’s GDP in percentage. Export quota rate was characterized with the reduction tendency in 2004-2008 (See, Table No 2) that indicates the reductionof the share of export incomes in the country’s GDP (See Diagram No 1).Table No 2. Gross Domestic Product of Georgia, Export (Million USD) and Export Quota (%) 1 , 2004-2008YYYearsGross Domestic Export Export Quota, %Product2004 5 124 696.9 13.62005 6 411 865.5 13.52006 7 761 936.2 12.02007 10 171 1 232.4 12.12008 12 798 1 496.1 11.6Permanent change of export-import structure of the country for benefit of imports clarifies that terms of trade of Georgia are continually worsening: theprices of the main exported commodities of Georgia are fallen, while majority of the enterprises producing these products are stopped or hardly working.Foreign trade turnover of Georgia in January-July of 2009 (without unorganized trading) was $2996.0 million that is 37% less compared to the same indexof previous year; Export out of this is $617.3 million (35% less), while import - $2378.7 million (37.8% less). In January-July of 2009, negative tradebalance of Georgia is $1761.4 million (correspondingly 38.6%) 2 . It is seen from the data that foreign trade indices are sharply worsened in comparisonwith the same period of previous year.© Lekashvili E., 20101 Table is designed based on the data of the Statistics Department of the Ministry of Economic Development of Georgia2www.statistics.ge52