Том 1

Проблемы развития внешнеэкономических связей и привлечения иностранных инвестиций: региональный аспект, 2010Diagram N 1. Export Quota of Georgia, %, 2004-2008YYIn January-July of 2009, Georgia has negative trade balance with 98 partner countries and positive trade balance with 22 countries. Trade turnover ofGeorgia with the EU countries has decreased, export made up $127.0 million (42.9% less), and import - $706.7 million (35.4% less). 1According to the data of Statistics Department of Georgia, the share of top ten partner countries in aggregate foreign trade turnover is 68.1% for the periodof January-July 2009. Major trade partners of Georgia are Turkey, Azerbaijan, Ukraine, Germany, Russia, USA, Bulgaria, Italy, China, and Armenia.Major trade partner countries of Georgia in export are Turkey, Azerbaijan, Canada, Armenia, Bulgaria, Ukraine, USA, Russia, Italy, and United Emiratesof Arabia. These countries hold 80% of total export volume.It is obvious that Geographical structure of Georgian export mainly covers countries and markets of strategic partners in one Geographical region.There are different tendencies of export indices with major trade partners in 2008 compared with previous year. Export volume in Bulgaria increased from$59 357 to $108 217; from $171 764 to $262 910 in Turkey; from $137 455 to $204 534 in Azerbaijan; from $110 844 to $123 422 in Armenia; from$70 604 to $131 806 in Canada. Export volume in USA has decreased from $149 036 to $102 198 in 2008 compared with the data of previous year 2 .Turkey is Georgia’s biggest trade partner country by the foreign trade turnover of January-July of 2009. Trade turnover with Turkey is $589.8 million thatis 16.7% less compared with the previous year’s rate. Share of trade turnover with this country increased by 4.9% and made up 19.7%. Export to Turkey is$143.4 million that is only 76.7% of the same rate of previous year. Export of ferrous metal scrap-iron and nitric fertilizer is reduced. However, export ofsuch commodity groups as seed wheat of oil crops, ferroalloy and cotton cake.Trade turnover with Azerbaijan is $296.1 million that is 60.1% of previous year rate. The share of trade turnover with Azerbaijan has decreased from10.3% to 9.9%. In the accounting period, in comparison with the previous year, export in Azerbaijan is decreased by $33.3 million. Major exportcommodity groups are passenger cars and cement. Ukraine is holding third place in the top ten of Georgia’s trade partners. Trade turnover with thiscountry is $272.7 million that is 59.3% of previous year rate.Share of trade turnover with Ukraine has decreased by 0.5 percentage points - from 9.6% to 9.1%. Export is reduced by $27.4 million. This was mainlyresulted in export volume decrease of the following commodity groups: ferroalloy, wines and apple. Export of alcoholic beverages is increased and itamounts $17.9 million.Ferroalloy is holding first place in export top ten commodities, with 12.9% of total export and $79.9 million. Crude and semi crude gold export amounts$62.8 million that is 10.2% of total export. Export of third commodity group - passenger cars has decreased by $19.9 million and made up $49.9 million 3 .In the recent years, share of separate commodity groups are increasing, instead of variety of commodity types exported. As a result, country’s exportpotential strongly depends on few commodities (ferroalloy, scrap iron, copper ore, fertilizers, nuts).Presented analysis makes obvious the sharpness of the problems existing in export of Georgia and reveals the currency of their studying. There aredifficulties, both in export production and its organization and management.LIST OF REFERENCES:1. European Commission (2004) Flash Euro barometer; Entrepreneurship, European Union Economics, Fifth Edition, Theo Hitiris, Prentice Hall, 20032. Getting Started in Export Trade, International Trade center, UNICTAD/WTO, Geneva3. Carl Nelson, Import/Export: How to Get Started in International Trade4. Exporting, Importing and Beyond, Lawrence W. Tuller, Adams Media Corp.5. Principles and Practice of Exporting, Study Guides, University of Lincolnshire and Humberside, By Geoff Cook6. Krugman P., Obstfeld M., International Economics: Theory and Policy. Ed. 3-9, Chapter7. Doha Declaration, WTO,2008, ISBN 978-92-870-3447-2, p.978. WTO Discussion Papers, WTO, N2, Improving the Availability of Trade Finance during Financial Crisis, 2009 - III9. WTO Discussion Papers, WTO, N1, Industrial Tariffs and the Doha Development Agenda, 2009-I10. WTO Discussion Papers, WTO, N4, The Role of Export Taxes in the Field of Primary Commodities; 2004-VII11. WTO-Annual Report, 200812. Р. Гриффин, М. Пастей, Международный Бизнес, Питер, 200613. Т.А.Пугель, П.Х.Линдерт, Международная экономика, М., 200314. П. Кругман, М.Обстфельд. Международная экономика. Теория и политика. М., 200315. А.Киреев. Международная экономика, части 1,2. М., 1997/9916. Ф. Аналоуи,А.Карами,Стратагический менеджмент малых и средних предприятий,пер.с англ.М., 2005РЕЗЮМЕВ статье рассмотрены современные тенденции развития экспорта Грузии.РЕЗЮМЕУ статті розглянуті сучасні тенденції розвитку експорту Грузії.SUMMARYIn article modern lines of development of export of Georgia are considered.1www.statistics.ge2Statistics Department of the Ministry of Economic Development of Georgia; Statistical publication, analysis of foreign trade indices of Georgia, Tbilisi2009, page 133Foreign Trade of Georgia, January-July 2009, Page 2-3, www.statistics.ge53