Handbook of the History of Logic: - Fordham University Faculty

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714 484, 552–556, 559 pseudo-Scotus, 470, 473, 476 psychologism, 670 quantification over non-existent, 417 quantification theory, 400 quantifier, 120, 413 quantifiers special, 622 quasi res, 107 quasi-entities, 397 Quine, W. V. O., 405, 418 Quinto, R., 564 quotation, 196 quotation marks, 194, 195, 197 Radulphus Brito, 370, 377, 382 Ramée, Pierre de la, see Rmus, P.628 Ramus, P., 628, 629, 635, 637, 639 Ratio studiorum, 609, 629 ratio consignificandi, 354 Ratramnus of Corbie, 30 Read, S., 221, 264–266, 506, 530, 552 real definition, 191 real propositions, 403 realist, 186, 193 reductio ad impossibile, 558 reduction per impossibile, 167 reference, 365 Reichenau, 38 relational nouns, 183 relative clause, 182 relative clauses, 180, 209 relative pronoun, 181, 182 relevance implication, 128 Remigius of Auxerre, 28 Rescher, N., 537 restricted variables, 399, 427 restrictions, 180 restrictive relative clauses, 180, 181 Rheims, 40, 41 rhetoric, 630–631, 633, 636–638, 640– 642 Ribaillier, J., 519 Richer, 40 Richter, V., 561 Rijk, L. M. De, 192, 193, 225, 261 Robert Grosseteste, 523 Robert of Melun, 142 Roscelin, 83 Roseth, R., 564–567 Rudavsky, T., 514, 520 Rudolph, U., 512 rules of inference, 256, 238−−259, 274 Russell, B., 676 Saint Anselm, 91 Sanderson, R., 628 Schabel, C., 528 Schmutz, J., 551 scientia sermocinalis, 92 scope, 108, 157, 158 Scott, T. K., 562 Scotus, 551 Scotus, J. D., 363 Seaton, W. K., 560 second adjacent, 175 second intention, 374 second intentions, 370, 375, 376, 381 secondary imposition, 362 secondary meaning, 361 secondary significate, 363 sedond intentions, 383 semantic complexity, 414 semantic definition of validity, 425 semantic signification, 357 semantic triangle, 356, 392, 407, 414 semantic values, 404 semantically complex, 415 semantics of propositions, 467 separative negation, 109 sequence of tense, 210 Serene, E., 516 sermo, 92 Seton, J., 627–628 Sharples, R. W., 517 Shiel, J., 9 Siger of Brabant, 515 sign, 359
signfication, 93 signgication, 192 significata of propositions, 401 signification, 186, 187, 349, 351, 360, 392, 397, 398 significatum, 398 signifies, 187 signify, 204, 215 signs, 624, 641 signum quantitatis, 413 Simon of Faversham, 370, 375 Simon of Tournai, 519 simple conversion, 164, 174 simple modality, 114 Simplicius, 529 simultaneous (synchronic) alternatives, 511, 516–519, 522, 527, 543, 548, 550, 568 singular, 160 Sophistical Refutations, 192 Sophismata, 619 sophismata, 498, 618–642 Sophismata, 485 sophismata, 434, 439, 448 Sophistical Refutations, 172 Sorabji, R., 508, 523 sorites, 631, 632 Soto, D. de, 621–624, 632, 634 sound, 355 Southern, R., 51 Spade, P. V., 52, 262, 266, 411, 506 Spath, R. J., 531 Speca, A., 17 species, 360 speculative grammar, 353 Spiazzi, R., 507 Spiazzi, R. M., 509, 528 Spiazzi, R. S., 515 square of opposition, 85, 110, 161, 401, 418, 427, 508, 533–535 St Gall, 35, 38, 40 state of affairs, 105, 427 status, 89, 106 stoic logic, 3, 4, 6, 15–18 715 Stoics, 157, 158, 171, 513 stoics, 514, 516, 523–524, 533 Street, T., 506, 512, 537, 540, 541 Strode, R., 441, 442, 471, 473, 476, 485, 560, 620 Stump, E., 167, 258, 505, 515, 535, 562 subalternations, 162 subcontraries, 162 subject, 85, 159 subject oflgoic, 382 subject term, 100 substantivated, 180 substantivated adjective, 175 substantivated adjectives, 174 superior to an inferior, 257, 273 superlative, 201 suposition simple, 197 suppoistion personal, 399 personal determinate, 461 supposaition personal confused and distributive, 453 supposit, 204 supposita, 395, 402, 428 supposition, 157–276, 399, 434, 448, 449, 621–622, 625, 628, 630 ascent and descent, 452 common, 222 confused distributive material, 461 determinate, 222–276 determinate material, 460 discrete, 222 discrete material, 460 distributive, 222–276 material, 187, 193–198, 399, 416, 449–451, 457–461 merely confused, 222–276 merely confused material, 460 modes of: personal, 222–276 modes of: the early view, 222– 241
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Handbook of the History of Logic: M
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4 Medieval Modal Theories and Modal
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viii Preface It remains to be seen
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x Terence Parsons University of Cal
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2 John Marenbon which was new; the
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4 John Marenbon using numbers as pr
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6 John Marenbon excusing himself fo
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8 John Marenbon translation, and he
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10 John Marenbon contemporaries, to
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12 John Marenbon tingent. One way o
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14 John Marenbon in fact exist apar
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16 John Marenbon and those using
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18 John Marenbon inherited, trying
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20 John Marenbon that is to say, th
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22 John Marenbon and other material
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24 John Marenbon manuscripts [Arist
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26 John Marenbon gin shortly after
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28 John Marenbon possibility that t
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30 John Marenbon so it does seem li
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32 John Marenbon of substance or es
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34 John Marenbon it is certainly op
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36 John Marenbon it presents itself
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38 John Marenbon 4 THE DEVELOPMENT
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40 John Marenbon For day and light
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42 John Marenbon not, then, just a
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44 John Marenbon longer perform the
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46 John Marenbon position, but to a
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48 John Marenbon of the relationshi
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50 John Marenbon mother of Christ,
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52 John Marenbon and Boethius’s v
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54 John Marenbon (for w) as a word
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56 John Marenbon and his followers
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58 John Marenbon [Aristotle, 1966]
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60 John Marenbon [Green-Pedersen, 1
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62 John Marenbon [Martin, 1991] C.
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LOGIC AT THE TURN OF THE TWELFTH CE
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Logic at the Turn of the Twelfth Ce
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84 Ian Wilks question. 2 And second
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86 Ian Wilks are these items corres
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88 Ian Wilks pertain to the form pr
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90 Ian Wilks standings of universal
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92 Ian Wilks one characteristic whi
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94 Ian Wilks understandings they ge
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96 Ian Wilks and further discussion
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98 Ian Wilks mental acts; general t
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100 Ian Wilks 1998a, p. 175]; he ca
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102 Ian Wilks fail to achieve propo
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104 Ian Wilks be something for the
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106 Ian Wilks Whatever philosophica
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108 Ian Wilks Abelard’s preferenc
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110 Ian Wilks to represent the cont
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112 Ian Wilks bial construal of the
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114 Ian Wilks nal plus the three ne
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116 Ian Wilks these persons, and no
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118 Ian Wilks tents in the first fi
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120 Ian Wilks minor which then diff
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122 Ian Wilks supply these criteria
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124 Ian Wilks by this tendency. He
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126 Ian Wilks firm as genuine entai
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128 Ian Wilks between the anteceden
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130 Ian Wilks (extensionally) “eq
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132 Ian Wilks as appropriate for to
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134 Ian Wilks conditions under whic
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136 Ian Wilks am not an animal, I a
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138 Ian Wilks [Abelard, 1970, p. 49
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140 Ian Wilks catalogue of such pat
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142 Ian Wilks itself. The relations
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144 Ian Wilks The problem with this
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146 Ian Wilks Another Abelardian th
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148 Ian Wilks This indeed is the ap
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150 Ian Wilks commonplace in the tw
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152 Ian Wilks BIBLIOGRAPHY “[Abel
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154 Ian Wilks [Green-Pedersen, 1984
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156 Ian Wilks [Rosier-Catach, 1999]
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158 Terence Parsons Medieval author
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160 Terence Parsons “Some categor
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162 Terence Parsons Every A is B co
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164 Terence Parsons true. This may
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166 Terence Parsons Figure 1 (ch 4)
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168 Terence Parsons 1.7 Quantifying
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170 Terence Parsons Every A is B Ev
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172 Terence Parsons In modern logic
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174 Terence Parsons The purpose of
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176 Terence Parsons 2.3 Extending t
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178 Terence Parsons Infinitizing ne
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180 Terence Parsons that is not a m
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182 Terence Parsons rule says that
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184 Terence Parsons The parasitic t
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186 Terence Parsons For example,
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188 Terence Parsons a term in a pro
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190 Terence Parsons signify the sam
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192 Terence Parsons this is what Oc
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194 Terence Parsons example, person
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196 Terence Parsons He continues wi
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198 Terence Parsons Since Sherwood
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200 Terence Parsons William says th
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202 Terence Parsons The term ‘thi
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204 Terence Parsons proposition (fo
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206 Terence Parsons makes no differ
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208 Terence Parsons A bishop was gr
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210 Terence Parsons a natural intui
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212 Terence Parsons In both of thes
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214 Terence Parsons The subject is
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216 Terence Parsons I believe that
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218 Terence Parsons neither should
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220 Terence Parsons 6.3 I promise y
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222 Terence Parsons 7 MODES OF SUPP
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224 Terence Parsons that result due
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226 Terence Parsons Personal suppos
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228 Terence Parsons supposition whe
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230 Terence Parsons the predicates
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232 Terence Parsons 7.4 Locality Sh
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234 Terence Parsons [D] a distribut
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236 Terence Parsons sally. But a un
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238 Terence Parsons 7.6 Rules of In
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240 Terence Parsons The premise is
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242 Terence Parsons is similar to a
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244 Terence Parsons Every donkey is
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246 Terence Parsons one may descend
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248 Terence Parsons mode of supposi
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250 Terence Parsons above, allowed
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252 Terence Parsons if the term is
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254 Terence Parsons 8.5 Modes cause
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256 Terence Parsons understand ‘t
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258 Terence Parsons The reverse pri
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260 Terence Parsons mode of supposi
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262 Terence Parsons to formulate a
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264 Terence Parsons some P can alwa
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266 Terence Parsons Still other aut
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268 Terence Parsons Determinate: Ex
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270 Terence Parsons DEFAULT: A main
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272 Terence Parsons Change every ma
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274 Terence Parsons other modes can
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276 Terence Parsons Therefore, ‘d
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278 Terence Parsons [Dineen, 1990]
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280 Terence Parsons [Spade, 1988] P
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282 Henrik Lagerlund and references
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284 Henrik Lagerlund never very con
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286 Henrik Lagerlund present in Al-
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288 Henrik Lagerlund term is hence
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290 Henrik Lagerlund He notes furth
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292 Henrik Lagerlund (3.1.21) ‘Ev
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294 Henrik Lagerlund These five dif
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296 Henrik Lagerlund There are thre
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298 Henrik Lagerlund There is also
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300 Henrik Lagerlund about differen
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302 Henrik Lagerlund Such propositi
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304 Henrik Lagerlund He says that a
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306 Henrik Lagerlund matter. If the
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308 Henrik Lagerlund from the early
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310 Henrik Lagerlund Kilwardby. Nec
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312 Henrik Lagerlund Instead Boethi
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314 Henrik Lagerlund way that one l
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316 Henrik Lagerlund This definitio
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318 Henrik Lagerlund natural (or ne
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320 Henrik Lagerlund would make the
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322 Henrik Lagerlund On Predicables
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324 Henrik Lagerlund of their predi
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326 Henrik Lagerlund nowadays sort
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328 Henrik Lagerlund III. Every B i
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330 Henrik Lagerlund XIV. Every B i
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332 Henrik Lagerlund the conclusion
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334 Henrik Lagerlund (1) Differenti
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336 Henrik Lagerlund On Supposition
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338 Henrik Lagerlund On Fallacies T
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340 Henrik Lagerlund (5) ‘Both’
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342 Henrik Lagerlund substance ‘S
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344 Henrik Lagerlund [Averroes, 196
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346 Henrik Lagerlund [Patterson, 19
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348 Ria van der Lecq signification.
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350 Ria van der Lecq intellectus (c
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352 Ria van der Lecq the mind, extr
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354 Ria van der Lecq everyone, they
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356 Ria van der Lecq other words, t
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358 Ria van der Lecq term represent
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360 Ria van der Lecq nature of a sp
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362 Ria van der Lecq about men in t
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364 Ria van der Lecq The second opi
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366 Ria van der Lecq Both refer to
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368 Ria van der Lecq first mode tha
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370 Ria van der Lecq that is not th
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372 Ria van der Lecq the second hal
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374 Ria van der Lecq ‘second inte
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376 Ria van der Lecq the intellect
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378 Ria van der Lecq or ‘horsenes
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380 Ria van der Lecq that are real
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382 Ria van der Lecq it. 176 And wh
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384 Ria van der Lecq significance.
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386 Ria van der Lecq [Bacon, 1988]
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388 Ria van der Lecq [Rosier, 1983]
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390 Gyula Klima relations between l
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392 Gyula Klima regarded as attempt
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394 Gyula Klima . . . it is essenti
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396 Gyula Klima are supposed to be
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398 Gyula Klima m at t, namely, the
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400 Gyula Klima stead, representing
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402 Gyula Klima it is a substantial
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404 Gyula Klima of various ontologi
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406 Gyula Klima committed to positi
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408 Gyula Klima terance and knowing
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410 Gyula Klima does not have to me
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412 Gyula Klima namely, those to wh
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414 Gyula Klima Concepts and mental
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416 Gyula Klima signify all their s
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418 Gyula Klima provided they are n
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420 Gyula Klima So, when we say tha
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422 Gyula Klima context, the condit
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424 Gyula Klima semantic closure (i
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426 Gyula Klima a given situation i
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428 Gyula Klima This simple modific
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430 Gyula Klima in which the object
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LOGICINTHE14 th CENTURY AFTER OCKHA
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Logic in the 14 th Century after Oc
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1.2 A survey of the traditions Logi
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elsewhere, in particular in Italy.
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Some A is B (1) Every A is B (3) Lo
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it is still by and large murky terr
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MEDIEVAL MODAL THEORIES AND MODAL L
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Medieval Modal Theories and Modal L
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1.7 Essentialist Assumptions Mediev
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(10) Ex(Fx & ♦(Fx & Gx)) (11) Ex(
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(31) (p → Oq) & − L(p → q). M
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TREATMENTS OF THE PARADOXES OF SELF
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Treatments of the Paradoxes of Self
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Proof. Treatments of the Paradoxes
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DEVELOPMENTS IN THE FIFTEENTH AND S
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Developments in the Fifteenth and S
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646 Petr Dvoˇrák 2 CARAMUEL’S L
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648 Petr Dvoˇrák ter characterist
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650 Petr Dvoˇrák ad extra as some
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652 Petr Dvoˇrák equivalences (wh
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654 Petr Dvoˇrák the two provided
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656 Petr Dvoˇrák that of arectisa
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658 Petr Dvoˇrák view of relation
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660 Petr Dvoˇrák In dealing with
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662 Petr Dvoˇrák As has been said
Page 672 and 673: 664 Petr Dvoˇrák Things, which ar
Page 675 and 676: PORT ROYAL: THE STIRRINGS OF MODERN
Page 677 and 678: Port Royal: The Stirrings of Modern
Page 707: Port Royal: The Stirrings of Modern
Page 710 and 711: 702 appellata, 416 appellation, 188
Page 712 and 713: 704 Cassiodorus, 1, 2, 5, 22, 25 In
Page 714 and 715: 706 determinate modality, 114 deter
Page 716 and 717: 708 clear and distinct, 671 identir
Page 718 and 719: 710 material essence realism, 86 Ma
Page 720 and 721: 712 antiqua responsio, 440 nova res
Page 724 and 725: 716 narrow distributive, 267-276 pe
Page 726: 718 Wyclif, J., 441, 442, 450, 452,
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