Bananas and Food Security - Bioversity International

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232 Les productions bananières / Bananas and food security – Session 1 Contribution of banana compared to rice in the Indonesian diet ranges 6-9% in quantity but only 5-6% in value. The role of bananas is, however, somewhat low when considering it as a potential complementary staple food. It should in fact represent between 20 and 25%. The quantity of bananas consumed yearly by the rural people is higher than that consumed by urban people but lower in value. The fact suggests that the bananas eaten by the rural people are of a lower quality or might be cheaper when bought at the farm gate. If our program in promoting bananas succeeds, we might expect to have a stronger national staple food security than in the current condition that rely mostly on rice. Among all fruits, bananas are the most important fruit consumed in Indonesia. Rural people consume more bananas (43.83%) than urban people (25.78%). Therefore, bananas have an important role in the rural nutrition and food security. Banana trade The domestic market is very important: more than 200 million people live in Indonesia. The consumption of banana starts very early when babies begin to have additional food instead of only nursing their mother. In other words, bananas is part of the Indonesian way of life. Seven models of marketing system are currently in use in Indonesia. The models differ from one region to another (Figure 1). The differences affect prices obtained by the farmer. Prices at the farm gate are 39.71 + 13.9% from the price at the consumer end level. The longer the marketing chain is, the lower is the price obtained by the farmer. The farm gate prices do not really reflect the profit share that might be obtained by the farmer. Most of the farmers do not include their labour in cost of production. The intermediaries obtain the highest profit in the marketing system. Risk and yield losses and the fluctuations in prices at intermediary stages, are mostly due to transportation, grading and variations in consumers’ preferences. The risk at the postharvest stage is higher because any damage in this sector is irrecoverable. A compared analysis of the retail prices of banana (Pisang Ambon) in the western and eastern parts of Indonesia show important differences. The summary of analysis is presented in the Table 4. Fluctuation of banana prices is more important in the western part of Indonesia where transportation and exchanges are more dynamic. The market in the eastern part is more conservative because it includes less population and more islands than western part and that makes banana transportation more difficult to manage. Table 4. Average retail prices (Rupiah + sd) of banana at the eastern vs western part of Indonesia (1992-1996). Part of Indonesia 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 Eastern 721.0 ± 157.3 822.6 ± 199.4 900.5 ± 162.3 1,239.0 ± 184.5 1,236.4 ± 327.1 Western 804.1 ± 496.3 863.2 ± 412.6 1,037.7 ± 422.6 1,475.0 ± 810.6 1,824.4 ± 713.4 US$ 1.00 = Rp 3.500 (1996)
Asie - Pacifique / Asia - Pacific : L. Setyobudi Main trader Other districts Village trade collectors Trader beetween region & trade collector district Distributor, Traders Consumer Main trader Provincy Figure 1a. Marketing chain of Banana’s in Pinrang district, Ujung Pandang. 1994. II Farmers Village and Subdistrict trade collectors Main traders of Kolaka’s district Distributor trader of Kolaka’s district Consumer of Kolaka’s district Farmers Province main trader Province trader distributors Consumer of Capital province (Kendari) Figure 1b. Marketing chain of Raja’s and Kepok’s banana in Kolaka district, Kendari. October 1994. I 233
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COOPERATION FRANÇ AISE CTA C R B P
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Sommaire Allocution d’ouverture d
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Sommaire / Contents Thierry Lescot
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Sommaire / Contents H. P. Singh, S.
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Allocution d’ouverture / Opening
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Allocution d’ouverture / Opening
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14 Les productions bananières / Ba
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Session 1 Importance de la banane s
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Amérique Latine - Caraïbes Latin
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Afrique Africa
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100 Les productions bananières / B
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Afrique / Africa : B.B. Kufimfut et
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Afrique / Africa : C. Madembo et al
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Afrique / Africa : B. Banful Produc
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Afrique / Africa : B. Banful qualit
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Afrique / Africa : B. Banful The gr
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Afrique / Africa : B. Banful Below
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Afrique / Africa : B. Banful 30 cm
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Afrique / Africa : P.O. Ogazi Plant
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Afrique / Africa : C.S. Gold et al.
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Afrique Africa
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Synthèse des discussions 475 La re
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Introduction : J. Chataigner Introd
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Introduction : J. Chataigner nomie,
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Introduction : J. Chataigner la sé
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Afrique Africa
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Session 4 Systèmes de productions
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Afrique Africa
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Liste des participants / List of pa
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Dépôt légal : 59 - février 2000
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Bananas and Food Security - Bioversity International

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