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worship of "lords many and gods many" was not confined only to the Pagans. The deification of the son of Mary is put
here in a special clause by itself, as it held (and still holds) in its thrall a large portion of civilised humanity. (9.31)
1288 Cf. vi. 100. (9.31)
10:106 - "Nor call on any other than Allah such will neither profit thee nor hurt thee: if thou dost
Behold! thou shalt certainly be of those who do wrong."
13:14 - For Him (alone) is prayer in Truth: any others that they call upon besides Him hear them no
more than if they were to stretch forth their hands for water to reach their mouth but it reaches
them not: for the prayer of those without Faith is nothing but (futile) wandering (in the mind).
18221823
1822 Haqq=truth; right; what is due, befitting, proper. All these meanings are to be understood here. If we worship anything
other than Allah (whether it is idols, stars, powers of nature, spirits, or deified men, or Self, or Power, or Wealth,
Science or Art, Talent or Intellect), our worship is both foolish and futile. (13.14)
16:20 - Those whom they invoke besides Allah create nothing and are themselves created. 2043
2043 Allah is the only Creator and the Ultimate Reality. Everything else is created by Him, and reflects His glory. How
foolish then to worship any other than Allah! (16.20)
16:21 - (They are things) dead lifeless: nor do thy know when they will be raised up. 2044
2044 Idols are dead wood or stone. If men worship stars, or heroes, or prophets, or great men, they too have no life except
that which was given by Allah. In themselves they are lifeless. If they worship figments of the imagination, they are
reflections in a double degree, and have no life in themselves. All these things will be raised up on the Last Day, in
order that false worshippers may be confronted with them. But they themselves cannot tell when that Day will be.
(16.21)
17:56 - Say: "Call on those besides Him whom ye fancy: they have neither the power to remove
your troubles from you nor to change them." 2242
2242 Men's suspicions of each or of the prophets have been condemned in the previous verses. We now have the
strongest condemnation of all, that of imagining any other being as being equal or in the same category with One true
God. Allah has all power: they have no power. They cannot remove men's troubles. They cannot even mitigate or
change them so as to afford the least relief. Why indulge in false worship? (17.56)
17:57 - Those whom they call upon do desire (for themselves) means of access to their Lord even
those who are nearest: they hope for His Mercy and fear His Wrath: for the Wrath of thy Lord
is something to take heed of. 2243
2243 Where men or heroes, or prophets or angels are worshipped, the worship is futile; because (1) even if they are good
and holy, and ever so near to Allah, yet the nearest of them have need to seek means of access to Allah, and they do
seek such means, viz.: the hope of Allah's Grace; (2) though by their very nature it is impossible for us to suppose that
they will incur the Wrath of Allah, yet they are but creatures and are subject to the law of personal responsibility.
(17.57)
30:28 - He does propound to you a similitude from your own (experience): do ye have partners
among those whom your right hands possess to share as equals in the wealth We have
bestowed on you? Do ye fear them as ye fear each other? Thus do We explain the Signs in
detail to a people that understand. 3535353635373538
3535 One way in which we can get some idea of the things higher than our own plane is to think of Parables and
Similitudes. But even so, the highest we can think of falls short of the true Reality. For Allah is higher and wiser than
the highest and wisest we can think of. (30.28)
3536 Allah is far higher above His Creation than any, the highest, of His creatures can be above any, the lowest, of His
creatures. And yet would a man share his wealth on equal terms with his dependants? Even what he calls his wealth
is not really his own, but given by Allah. It is "his" in common speech by reason merely of certain accidental
circumstances. How then can men raise Allah's creatures to equality with Allah in worship? (30.28)
3537 Men fear each other as equals in a state of society at perpetual warfare. To remove this fear they appoint an authority
among themselves-a King or sovereign authority whom they consider just-to preserve them from this fear and give
them an established order. But they must obey and revere this authority and depend upon this authority for their own
tranquility and security. Even with their equals there is always the fear of public opinion. But men do not fear, or obey,
or revere those who are their slaves or dependents. Man is dependent on Allah. And Allah is the Sovereign authority
in an infinitely higher sense. He is in no sense dependent on us, but we must honor and revere Him and fear to
disobey His Will or His Law. "The fear of Allah is the beginning of wisdom." (30.28)
31:13 - Behold Luqman said to his son by way of instruction: "O my son! Join not in worship
(others) with Allah: for false worship is indeed the highest wrong-doing." 3595
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