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worship of "lords many and gods many" was not confined only to the Pagans. The deification of the son of Mary is put
here in a special clause by itself, as it held (and still holds) in its thrall a large portion of civilised humanity. (9.31)
9:34 - O ye who believe! there are indeed many among the priests and anchorites who in falsehood
devour the substance of men and hinder (them) from the way of Allah. And there are those
who bury gold and silver and spend it not in the way of Allah: announce unto them a most
grievous penalty. 12911292
1291 Bil-batili = in falsehood, i.e., by false means, pretences, or in false or vain things. This was strikingly exemplified in the
history of Mediaeval Europe. Though the disease is apt to attack all peoples and organisations at all times. Priests got
rich by issuing indulgences and dispensations; they made their office a stepping stone to worldly power and
possessions. Even the Monastic Orders, which took vows of poverty for individuals grew rich with corporate property,
until their wealth became a scandal, even among their own nations. (9.34)
1292 Misuse of wealth, property, and resources is frequently condemned, and in three ways: (1) do not acquire anything
wrongfully or on false pretences; (2) do not hoard or bury or amass wealth for its own sake but use it freely for good,
whether for yourself or for your neighbours; and (3) be particularly careful not to waste it for idle purposes, but only so
that it may fructify for the good of the people. (9.34)
PRISONERS:
8:67 - It is not fitting for an apostle that he should have prisoners of war until he hath thoroughly
subdued the land. Ye look for the temporal goods of this world; but Allah looketh to the
hereafter; and Allah is Exalted in might Wise. 1234
1234 An ordinary war may be for territory or trade, revenge or military glory,-all "temporal goods of this world." Such a war
is condemned. But a Jihad is fought under strict conditions laid down by Islam, and solely for the cause of Allah. All
baser motives, therefore are strictly excluded. The gain in the shape of ransom from captives has no place in such
warfare. At the same time, if there has been heavy loss of life already, captives may be taken, and it would be for the
Imam to exercise his discretion as to the time when it was safe to release them, and whether the release should be
free or on parole or on a fine by way of punishment. Destruction and slaughter, however repugnant to a gentle soul
like that of Muhammad, were inevitable where evil tried to suppress the good. Even Jesus, whose mission was more
limited, had to say: "Think not that I am come to send peace on earth: I came not to send peace but a sword." (Matt. x.
34). Seventy captives were taken at Badr, and it was decided to take ransom for them. While the general principle of
fighting for the purpose of taking captives in order to get their ransom is condemned, the particular action in this case
was approved in vv. 68-71. (8.67)
Sahih Al-Bukhari Hadith
Hadith 4.252 Narrated by
Jabir bin Abdullah
When it was the day (of the battle) of Badr, prisoners of war were brought including Al-Abbas who was undressed. The
Prophet looked for a shirt for him. It was found that the shirt of 'Abdullah bin Ubai would do, so the Prophet let him wear it.
That was the reason why the Prophet took off and gave his own shirt to 'Abdullah. (The narrator adds, "He had done the
Prophet some favor for which the Prophet liked to reward him.")
Sahih Al-Bukhari Hadith
Hadith 5.358 Narrated by
Jubair bin Mutim
I heard the Prophet reciting Surat-at-Tur in Maghrib prayer, and that was at a time when belief was first planted in my heart.
The Prophet while speaking about the war prisoners of Badr, said, "Were Al-Mutim bin Adi alive and interceded with me for
these filthy people, I would definitely forgive them for his sake."
Narrated Said bin Al-Musaiyab: When the first civil strife (in Islam) took place beCause of the murder of 'Uthman, it left none
of the Badr warriors alive. When the second civil strife, that is the battle of Al-Harra, took place, it left none of the Hudaibiya
treaty companions alive. Then the third civil strife took place and it did not subside till it had exhausted all the strength of the
people.
Al-Tirmidhi Hadith
Hadith 276 Narrated by
Amr ibn al-Ahwas al-Jushami
Amr heard the Prophet (peace be upon him) say in his farewell address on the eve of his Last Pilgrimage, after he had
glorified and praised Allah, he cautioned his followers: 'Listen! Treat women kindly; they are like prisoners in your hands.
Beyond this you do not owe anything from them. Should they be guilty of flagrant misbehaviour, you may remove them from
your beds, and beat them but do not inflict upon them any severe punishment. Then if they obey you, do not have recourse to
anything else against them. Listen! You have your rights upon your wives and they have their rights upon you. Your right is
that they shall not allow anyone you dislike, to trample your bed and do not permit those whom you dislike to enter your
home. Their right is that you should treat them well in the matter of food and clothing.
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