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1406 Cf. ii 213. All mankind was created one, and Allah's Message to mankind is in essence one, the Message of Unity and
Truth. But as selfishness and egotism got hold of man, certain differences sprang up between individuals, races, and
nations, and in His infinite Mercy He sent them messengers and messages to suit their varying mentality, to test them
by His gifts, and stir them up to emulation in virtue and piety (v. 48). (10.19)
1407 Cf. vi. 115. ix 40, and iv. 171. "Word" is the Decree of Allah, the expression of His Universal Will or Wisdom in a
particular case. When men began to diverge from one another (see last note), Allah made their very differences
subserve the higher ends by increasing their emulation in virtue and piety, and thus pointing back to the ultimate Unity
and Reality. (10.19)
15:13 - That they should not believe in the (Message); but the ways of the ancients have passed
away. 1947
1947 Sects, divisions, and systems invented by men tend to pass away, but Allah's pure Truth of Unity endures for ever.
This we see in history when we study it on a large scale. Cf. the parable in xiv. 24-26 Khalat: I have translated it here
in the same sense as in xiii. 30 x. 102, and other places. Some Commentators give it a slightly different shade of
meaning. The other meaning is seen in xlviii. 23. (15.13)
16:2 – He doth send down His angels with inspiration of His Command to such of His servants as
He pleaseth (saying): "Warn (Man) that there is no god but I: so do your duty unto Me." 2020
16:64 – And We sent down the Book to thee for the express purpose that thou shouldst make
clear to them those things in which they differ and that it should be a guide and a mercy to
those who believe. 2091
2091 But the path of duty before Allah's Messenger is clear. He is sent with the Revelation (the Qur-an) for three express
purposes; (1) that he should bring about unity among the jarring sects, for the Gospel of Unity, while preaching the
One True God, leads also to the unity of mankind; (2) that the revelation should be a guide to right conduct; and (3)
that it should show the path of repentance and Salvation, and thus be the highest mercy to erring sinners. (16.64)
2020 The Pagans, with their multiplicity of gods and goddesses, good and evil, could play one off against another. That is
mere mockery of religion. With such conceptions, man cannot understand the Unity of Design in the Universe nor
realise the Power and Glory of the One True God, to Whom alone worship and service are due. (16.2)
21:24 – Or have they taken for worship (other) gods besides Him? Say "Bring your convincing
proof: this is the Message of those with me and the Message of those before me." But most of
them know not the Truth and so turn away. 26842685
2685 This verse should be read with the next. All reason revolts against the idea of conflicting gods, and points to Unity in
Creation and Unity in Godhead. This is not only the Message of Islam ("those with me") but the message of all
prophets who came before the holy Prophet Muhammad ("those before me"), and the line of prophets was closed with
him. The Message given to every prophet in all ages was that of Unity as the fundamental basis of Order and Design
in the world, material, moral, and spiritual. (21.24)
23:53 - But people have cut off their affair (of unity) between them into sects: each party rejoices in
that which is with itself. 2910
2910 The people who began to trade on the names of the prophets cut off that unity and made sects; and each sect rejoices
in its own narrow doctrine, instead of taking the universal teaching of Unity from Allah. But this sectarian confusion is
of man's making. It will last for a time, but the rays of Truth and Unity will finally dissipate it. (23.53)
23:89 – They will say "(It belongs) to Allah." Say: "Then how are ye deluded?" 2930
2930 'The order and unity of purpose in the Universe argue unity of design and goodness in its Maker. Is it not then sheer
madness for you to run after fancies and fail to understand and obey His Will? It is delusion in you to seek other than
Allah.' (23.89)
27:60 – Or who has created the heaven and the earth and who sends you down rain from the sky?
Yea with it We cause to grow well-planted orchards full of beauty and delight: it is not in your
power to cause the growth of the trees in them. (Can there be another) god besides Allah?
Nay they are a people who swerve from justice. 32933294
3293 The order, beauty, and grandeur of the Universe are appealed to. They show unity of design and purpose. How can
unjust, ignorant, foolish, heedless, false men think of a multiplicity of gods, or of any god, besides the One True God?
(27.60)
37:1 - By those who range themselves in ranks. 40304031
4030 At a later stage, we shall study the general meaning of the adjurations in the Qur-an indicated by the particle wa. See
app. xi. Here we may note that the last Sura (Ya-Sin) practically began with the adjuration "by the Qur-an, full of
wisdom", emphasising the fact that Revelation was the evidence by which we could learn the highest wisdom of the
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