Jahresbericht 2009 - Gesellschaft für Maritime Technik eV

Flottenkommando Fakten und Zahlen 2009
On the European single market, the large German seaports serve as central points and
interfaces in the multinational traffic network as they have further developed and expanded
their role as hubs in international container traffic. Focus is above all on the fields of distribution
and logistics, which increasingly generate jobs related to foreign trade. At the end of 2008 it also
became clear that an interruption of the energy/raw material supply and the exchange of goods
by sea can have a serious impact on our economy and that a longer interruption would
significantly aggravate the problem of unemployment.
1.6.7 Energy Supply and Germany’s Dependence on Resources
Germany’s dependence on reliable raw material supply is particularly evident. Germany is
up to 100% dependent on reliable supply of important raw materials such as
manganese, chromium, copper, titanium and iron ore. About 34.7% of the German primary
energy demand can be met through crude oil, which remains the most important energy carrier
by far. However, 97.2% of the required crude oil had to be imported. The share of natural gas
in the primary energy demand is well
Primary Energy Consumption in Germany
Mineral oil
34,7%
Renewables
7,4%
Nuclear
energy
11,6%
Lignite
11,1%
Crude oil supply from the broader
Middle East remains a critical issue.
More than 60% of the world’s
proven and recoverable oil reserves
(estimated 182.2 billion tons) can be
found there: 36 billion tons alone in
Saudi Arabia. Iran, Iraq, Kuwait and
the United Arab Emirates each have
between 8% and 11% of these
reserves. Some 70% of the reserves
are found in the OPEC countries.
Germany only procures 5.8% of its
Natural gas
22,1%
Hard coal
13,1%
Europe
30%
over 22.1% but 86.4% of it must be
imported. The share of hard coal
was 13.1%, that of lignite 11.1%.
70.4% of the hard coal had to be
imported. In 2008, the fossil energy
sources such as mineral oil, coal,
natural gas had a share of 81%,
nuclear energy a share of 11.6% and
renewables a share of 7.4% in
Germany’s energy supply.
German crude oil imports in 2008
Africa
20%
America
2%
Middle East
6%
crude oil requirement from the Middle East. Nevertheless, this is twice the quantity produced at
home. 21.5% of the German crude oil requirement is met by the OPEC countries. If the current
worldwide annual oil consumption of 3.9 billion tons remained unchanged, the available and
proven oil reserves would approximately last another 46 years.
CIS
16,7%
German coal imports in 2008
Colombia
12,1%
Poland
11,3% South Africa
17,1%
Australia
11,5%
USA
11,8%
other
19,5%
1 - 24
CIS
42%
In 2008, the gross electricity
generation by German power plants
(some 639.1 billion kWh) exceeded
the corresponding figure from the
previous year. In addition to the
increasing use of natural gas for
power generation, in particular the
share of nuclear power has grown
again, which caused power
generation from hard coal and
lignite to decrease. However, more
than 44% of the electricity in
Germany is generated from coal.