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annotated bibliography of fisheries economics literature - Office of ...

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Alcala, A.C. and G.R. Russ (1990). A Direct Test <strong>of</strong> the Effects <strong>of</strong><br />

Protective Management on Abundance and Yield <strong>of</strong> Tropical Marine<br />

Resources. J. Cons. Int. Explor. Mer., 46:40-47.<br />

Despite a vast body <strong>of</strong> traditional knowledge on management <strong>of</strong> marine<br />

resources in the tropics, there are few direct tests utilizing manipulative or<br />

natural experiments <strong>of</strong> the effect <strong>of</strong> protective management on the abundance <strong>of</strong><br />

marine resources and, more importantly, their yield. This paper reports on a<br />

natural experiment that makes such a direct test. Approximately 25% <strong>of</strong> the<br />

sub-tidal coral reef <strong>of</strong> Sumilon Island (total reef area to 30 m isobath = 0.5<br />

square km) in the central Philippines was protected from all forms <strong>of</strong><br />

exploitation from 1974 until May 1984. Cessation <strong>of</strong> protective management led<br />

to fishing <strong>of</strong> the entire coral reef. This resulted in a significant reduction<br />

in abundance within the previously protected area <strong>of</strong> the fishes which<br />

constituted the majority <strong>of</strong> the yield from the reef. Catch per unit effort<br />

measure over a one year period eighteen months after protective management<br />

ceased was significantly less than that measured over a one year period before<br />

protective management ceased. There was a decline <strong>of</strong> 54% in the total yield<br />

<strong>of</strong> reef fishes from Sumilon Island reef between 1983/1984 and 1985/1986<br />

despite the fact that only 75% <strong>of</strong> the reef was fished in 1983/1984. The yield<br />

from traps and gill nets (approximately 64% <strong>of</strong> the total yield) from the whole<br />

reef in 1985/1986 was significantly less than the average yield <strong>of</strong> the<br />

nonreserve (75% <strong>of</strong> the reef) measured during three <strong>of</strong> the years <strong>of</strong> protection.<br />

Similarly, the yield from traps (approximately 45% <strong>of</strong> the total yield) in<br />

1985/1986 was significantly less than the average yield <strong>of</strong> the nonreserve (75%<br />

<strong>of</strong> the reef) measured during six <strong>of</strong> the years <strong>of</strong> protection. Protective<br />

management maintained high abundances <strong>of</strong> fishes in the reserve and<br />

significantly higher yields to fishermen from areas adjacent to the reserve.<br />

Migration <strong>of</strong> adult fish from the reserve to the nonreserve area during<br />

protection is the simplest explanation <strong>of</strong> these results.<br />

Aldenderfer, Mark S. and Roger K. Blashfield (1984). Cluster Analysis.<br />

Sage University Papers, Quantitative Applications in the Social<br />

Sciences, Sage Publications, Beverly Hills.<br />

This is an introduction to Cluster Analysis for those with no background<br />

and for those who need an up to date and systematic guide through the maze <strong>of</strong><br />

concepts, techniques, and algorithms associated with the clustering idea.<br />

Aldrich, John H. and Forrest D. Nelson (1984). Linear Probability,<br />

Logit, and Probit Models. Sage University Papers, Quantitative<br />

Applications in the Social Sciences, Series/Number 07-045, Sage<br />

Publications, Beverly Hills.<br />

The logit and probit models that analyze dichotomous and polytomous<br />

dependent variables are developed. Although a tendency to analysis<br />

dichotomous dependent variables with ordinary least squares regression<br />

techniques has existed, the authors demonstrate that this approach is not an<br />

appropriate strategy. Probit analysis is more ideally suited to such problems<br />

while logit ought to be the method <strong>of</strong> choice for polytomous dependent<br />

variables.<br />

Allard, J., D. Errico, and W.J. Reed (1988). "Irreversible Investment<br />

and Optimal Forest Exploitation." Natural Resource Modeling,<br />

2:581-597.<br />

A forest harvest scheduling model that includes as activities the level<br />

<strong>of</strong> investment in harvest capacity and the accumulated harvest capacity in each<br />

period, is presented. The inclusion <strong>of</strong> these activities, in addition to the<br />

8

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