annotated bibliography of fisheries economics literature - Office of ...

data and analyses and, finally, discusses implications.
Warren, John P., Wade L. Griffin, and William E. Grant (1982).
"Regional Fish Stock Management: A Model for Northwest Africa."
Marine Policy, 6:121-130.
Development of a bioeconomic model for applications in managing an
important north African fishery is reported in this article. The model is
applied through identification of baseline conditions and analysis of two
alternative fishery management plans; limiting the number of vessels and
instituting a closed season. Several key assumptions relative to biological
and fleet variables are necessarily made, since in some areas historical data
are limited. However, results strongly suggest that rents to resource owners
(African coastal countries) can be substantially increased by either method of
limiting access to the fishery and by licensing vessels and fishermen.
Warren, John P., Wade L. Griffin, and Ronald D. Lacewell (1974).
"Applying An Index of Fishing Effort to Estimate 1971 Costs and
Returns for Gulf of Mexico Shrimp Vessels." TAMU-SG-74-217,
Department of Agricultural Economics, Texas Agricultural Experiment
Station, Texas A&M University, February, 11 pp.
Shrimp vessels operating in the Gulf of Mexico are heterogeneous with
respect to physical characteristics. In this study, the investigators
developed a more effective and useful method of classifying vessels for costs
and returns analysis by the introduction of an index of fishing effort. This
effort index is defined as the fishing power of any given vessel relative to
the fishing power of a base or standard vessel. The results indicate that the
use of an effort index to establish relatively homogeneous groups of vessels
for costs and returns studies, that are needed by the industry and by agencies
responsible for management of the resource, constitutes an improvement over
use of a classification based on a single criterion such as length only.
Washington, Percy M. and Ann M. Koziol (1993). Overview of the Interactions
and Environmental Impacts of Hatchery Practices on Natural and
Artificial Stocks of Salmonids. Fisheries Research, 18:105-122.
Artificial propagation of Pacific salmon has been carried out for over a
century. Salmonid stocks used in hatcheries were made homogeneous to be more
easily manipulated. The stocks that form the basis for most coastal net and
troll fisheries are currently of hatchery origin, and a 3-5% escapement of
hatchery stocks is considered adequate for reproduction. During the period
1960-1980, although numbers and average sizes of coho released from Columbia
River hatcheries increased, returning adults declined between 1970 and 1980.
Massive efforts were made to improve the efficiency of production in salmon
hatcheries. Adult biomass potential decreased where there was a proportional
increase in precociousness, resulting in decrease in older mature individuals.
Fisheries based upon enhancement have consistently fostered the over-fishing
of naturally reproduced stock. For reasons never satisfactorily explained,
salmonids have been released for decades in upstream areas without a basic
understanding of instream ecological requirements of the salmonids, a
knowledge of what resources these released salmonids are being superimposed
upon, or a concern for the ecological devastation caused by these practices.
A policy based on artificial propagation served as an accomplice in reducing
wild salmonid stock genetic diversity among wild salmonid stocks and average
size and age of returning adults. Fishery policy makers were provided a
convenient excuse for the worst possible resource use practices, and used
hatcheries to affect wild salmonid stocks profoundly.
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