annotated bibliography of fisheries economics literature - Office of ...

analysis of patterning associated with management goals is illustrated. Since
the general management goals are harvest improvement and more predictability,
measures are used that show the adequacy of fit and reduction in variability
between actual and predicted management outcomes.
Smith, Courtland L. (1985). "The Life Cycle of Fisheries." Draft
report, Department of Anthropology, Oregon State University,
National Sea Grant college Program, 6010 Executive Blvd., R/SE1,
Rockville, MD 20852, Feb.
Fishermen are viewed as organisms that have an evolutionary pattern and
life cycle. The typical evolutionary pattern is development of technologies
to substitute cultured stocks for natural ones. The life cycle process is one
of declining commercial opportunities as productivity increases require more
stringent management measures. Angling and aesthetic uses increase during
this process. To adjust to life cycle and evolutionary patterns separate
conservation from management decisions, adopt an ecosystem focus for
conservation measures, promote nonfishing opportunities, and keep expectations
reasonable.
Smith, Courtland L. and Susan S. Hanna (1990). "Measuring Fleet
Capacity and Capacity Utilization." Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.,
47:2085-2091.
Fishing capacity measures the capability to catch fish. Capacity
utilization is the actual effectiveness in catching fish; the ratio of catch
to capacity. The factors comprising a fleet s capacity are the number and
size of vessels, the technical efficiency of those vessels, and the time
commitment of fishermen. Knowing the capacity utilization of a fleet is
critical for evaluating management alternatives. This is true regardless of
whether fisheries are managed with fleet controls or with with individual
controls. We illustrate the measurement of capacity utilization with the
Oregon bottom trawl fishery, in which fleet capacity quadrupled between 1976
and 1982. From 1982 to 1985, capacity declined 30 percent due to economic
problems in the industry and vessels finding better opportunities elsewhere.
Capacity measurement is necessary to assess management induced changes in
controlled fisheries. Controlling capacity requires addressing all the
elements associated with capacity growth. Examination of the components of
fleet capacity reveals an array of management options.
Smith, Courtland L. and Robert McKelvey (1986). "Specialist and
Generalist: Roles for Coping with Variability." North American
Journal of Fisheries Management, 6:88-99.
Two behavior patterns of fishermen, specialist and generalist, are
evaluated as ways of coping with market and natural variability. Changes in
these behaviors predicted by an analytical model are evaluated against data
from several fisheries. The predictions and the data suggest that a mix of
specialist and generalist fishing behavior is a way of coping with
unpredictability. Management usually regards fishing behavior as homogeneous;
as a result, many management rules discriminate against one type of behavior
or the other.
Smith, E. Moret (1980). "Japan - A Market for Blackfin Tuna (Thunnus
Atlanticus)?" Commercial Development Services, National Marine
Fisheries Service, Pascagoula, MS, May, 9 pp.
A potential marketing potential in Japan for blackfin tuna from the Gulf
of Mexico was discovered. Since there are no known procedures used by the
6 0 9