annotated bibliography of fisheries economics literature - Office of ...

happen to fishing outside the marine reserve and to the stock size in the
entire area as a result of establishing a marine reserve. Three regimes are
compared: (i) open access to the entire area, (ii) open access to the area
outside the marine reserve, and (iii) optimum fishing in the entire area. Two
models are used: (i) a continuous-time model, and (ii) a discrete-time model,
both using the logistic growth equation. Both models are deterministic
equilibrium models. The conservation effect of a marine reserve is shown to
be critically dependent on the size of the marine reserve and the migration
rate of fish. A marine reserve will increase fishing costs and
overcapitalization in the fishing industry, to the extent that it has any
conservation effect on the stock, and in a seasonal fishery it will shorten
the fishing season. For stocks with moderate to high migration rates, a
marine reserve of a moderate size will have only a small conservation effect,
compared with open access to the entire area inhabited by a stock. The higher
the migration rate of fish, the larger the marine reserve must be in order to
achieve a given level of stock conservation. A marine reserve of an
appropriate size would achieve the same conservation effect as optimum
fishing, but with a smaller catch.
Hannesson, Rognvaldur and Stein Ivar Steinshamn (1991). "How to Set
Catch Quotas: Constant Effort or Constant Catch?" Journal of
Environmental Economics and Management, 20:71-91.
This paper considers whether the total allowable catch from a fish stock
should be a fixed annual quantity or based on constant fishing effort. It
consists of two parts, a theoretical part and an empirical part based on data
from the Arcto-Norwegian cod stock. In the theoretical part it is shown that
realistic cost and revenue functions have opposite effects on whether a
constant quota or a constant effort yields the highest expected profit. A
concave revenue function implies that a constant quota will be preferable,
while a stock dependent unit cost of landed fish has the opposite implication.
The empirical part investigates how large the difference between the average
profit yielded by the two strategies is likely to be, on the basis of some
stylized facts about the Arcto-Norwegian cod stock. The size of this stock
fluctuates considerably over time, due mainly to fluctuations in the size of
year classes. Spectral analysis indicates cyclical movements, and so a sine
curve was used to generate recruitment cycles. The difference in average
profit yielded by the two harvest strategies is very small in most cases, or
of the order of 1-2%. This result is relatively robust with respect to
alternative specifications of the cost and the revenue functions, but a
maximum difference of 20% was produced by a non-stock-dependent unit cost of
fish and a kinked revenue function, where catches exceeding a certain quantity
are worthless.
Hanson, Gregory D., James W. Dunn, and Ganesh P. Rauniyar (1996). Marketing
Characteristics Associated with Seafood Counters in Grocery Stores.
Marine Resource Economics, 11(1):11-22.
This study provides a benchmark analysis of seafood counter
characteristics corresponding to the peaking of per capita seafood demand in
the U.S. Logistic regression results show separate seafood counters are less
likely in small stores, in rural stores, and in stores in low or medium income
areas. Chain stores and stores with a significant number of non-white
customers were more likely to have a seafood counter. Stores in the East
South Central region were less likely, and stores in New England more likely
to have a seafood counter. The likelihood that sores will develop seafood
counters was related to differences in sales volume, floor space, urban/rural
location, income level of clients and regional location. Continuing
innovations in marketing technology of seafood counters are likely to provide
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