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FREEEAST TURKISTAN SYMPOSIUMmatters. Moreover, the USA and European countries allow and support theactivities of organizations that support the independence of minorities in China.In Western countries, the East Turkistan issue is generally dealt with byinternational human rights organizations and NGOs that have been establishedby the people of East Turkistan who are exiled from their homeland.In addition to Turkey, the people of East Turkistan have set up organizationsin America, Europe and in the Turkic republics, in particular, in Kazakhstan in anattempt to bring the East Turkistan problem onto the agenda. 9Uyghurs who live in Australia, the Russian Federation, Canada, Egypt, SaudiArabia, Australia, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Sweden, Switzerland and the UnitedKingdom organize events and activities in order to free East Turkistan fromChinese oppression.International human rights organizations, such as Human Rights Watch andAmnesty International, have expressed concerns about human rights violationsin East Turkistan and the inhumane practices implemented in the country onvarious occasions, trying to bring these matters onto the international agenda.The efforts made by both organizations and the reports they have published havebeen the most effective studies to date.The World Uyghur Youth Assembly was established in Germany by Uyghuryouth; they organized the First World Uyghur Youth Assembly in Kazakhstan in1996. The Second World Uyghur Youth Assembly met in Turkey from November12 to 15, 1998 and a statute book composed of 53 articles was accepted duringthe assembly. China is very concerned by this assembly and has declared it tobe a “terrorist organization”, naming Doklun Isa, the head of the assembly as a“terrorist”, using the events of September 11 as their justification. China’s attempthas been partly successful in terms of banning the activities of the assembly. Laterthe World Uyghur Youth Assembly became affiliated with the East TurkistanNational Assembly, and the efforts of Ertekin Alptekin. The East Turkistanorganizations abroad organized an assembly in Munich (Germany) on April 19,2004, at which it was decided to establish the East Turkistan Congress throughuniting under one umbrella.The World Uyghur Congress is an international organization that representsthe common interests of the Uyghur people in the Diaspora. The World Uyghur530

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