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In XV Psalmos graduum. 1532/33. [1540.] (Ps. 127, 1) 203 Hsjet polLÜiciH, qui tarnen opt[ime, CicLero et Plato, de legibus. [S8l. 165»] Efficieutem et finalem causam non attingiint. OptLima causa finalis lionc- stas, gloria. Eff [iciens est vir prudens, prudens magListratus, vir et civis b[onus. Forraalis : Sic gerenda respLublica, distingucnda iustitia in distribu- 5 tivam et conunutâtivam etc. Sic debent puniri sontes, defendi insontes etc. Formalis causa satisb[ene et digne tractata, sed unde accipitur ? Ideo manet turba, irascuntur, quia vident se constituisse formam, secundum quam debet fleri. Sed eff[iciens et finalis deest, quaerit[ur gloria, ideo iufortunati, et quo sceleratiores etc. Ideo tantum mirLamur. Et non 10 quaerimus, quare? Hi, qui boni simt, Uli halDcnt pessimLC. Econtra, habent optime; maligui Cives abundant, opt[imi egent et vix panem. Ideo non sie docere possimt de repLublica et formulari ut S[X)iritus S[anctus, qui est iu filio Davidîs, qLuamquam simul est etiam experientia; quia Dr] Eepublica, item Xenophou, Plato, Cicero et alii, quanquam de Eepublica 1» praeclare scripserimt, tamen veram efficientem et finalem causam non attingunt. Causam enim finalem optimam et praecipuam putant esse pacem politicam, honestum, glo [Sg. S] riam etc. Efficientem autem causam constituunt virum sapientem seu prudentem Magistratum vel, ut ipsi loquuntur, virum et civem bonum. Sed Salomonem audiemus aliter et •M proprie magis disputantem. Philosophi igitur formalem causam recte tenent, quomodo sit gerenda Bespublica, quod alicubi iusticia commutativa, alicubi distributiva sit sequenda, quod secundum hanc puniendi sontes, defendendi insontes sint, secundum illam constituendi contractus etc. Hanc causam pulcherrime et optime tractant, sed haec non satis est; a» nam cum haec ita instituta sunt, requiritur etiam successus. Videmus sapientissimos viros graviter commoveri, cum pulcherrimis suis consüiis successum deesse vident, Leges enim habent iustissimas et honestissimas et summa vi in id incumbunt, ut Leges illae serventur, Sed in efficienti et flnali causa haerent. Quia enim statuunt finem gloriam, pacem, 30 opulentiam, haec autem non semper eveniunt, saepe etiam diversum accidit. Manifestum ergo est, hos eventus non esse causam finalem. Econtra alius quispiam, quo est peior et negligentior, eo est fortunatior: ea res magis commovet bonos ad impatientiam. Quare in hoc omnia sunt, ut sciamus, unde ista sie fiant, quod boni plaerunque pessime habent, 35 econtra pessimi optime, sicut multi dissoluti et maligni Oeconomi florent, optimi autem egent. Ergo apparet, quod non possunt Philosophi et Gentes de Eebuspublicis et Oeconomia sie dicere ut Spiritus sanctus, nam ipsi tantum habent et 15 reram fehlt S 16 Causam euim] Sed causam S 18 seu fehlt S vel] et S Sed his igitur] Sed hie erraut ao tantum S 24 Hanc] Formalem igitur S 25 Vide- 19J20 mus igitur S 30 opulentiam etc. S 30131 haec bU finalem] fit, ut sint infortnnatj S 37 apparet, quod fehlt S 38 docere SB
204 In XV Psalmos graduura. 1532-33. [1540.] (Ps. 127, 1) Hs] fnibpi\navit donuiinctionipLiiblicam, fuifc Kiex, ideo loquitur non tantum ex spiritu, scd ctiam vcrbum eins spirat et S[piritum et experientiam. Iste res sunt regendae et possid[endae in hac vita, ergo psalmus utilis- Lsimus et posLitus pro re pubLÜca et famÜLia. 6 versLUS, sed sententio- sis^simus psalimis. Formalem caiisam et materialem non ita urge, quia s praesuppouit adesse domos et Civitâtes et leges constitutas, respLublicas, Cives, magistLratus bônos et malos. 2)a^ conftttiiivt er; bas ift forma reip[ublicae, habere bLonas leges et consuet[udines lionestas. Sed non nisi foris. Et concedo, quod apud g[entes non minus bona« formales causae reipLublicae et mag[istratus meliores, sed hoc tantum est materia lo et f[orma. Docendus est mag[istratus et paterfaLmilias, ut discat prineipalem causam domus et CiLvitatis, quae est 1. effLiciens et finalis: Quis Sit, qui faciat domiim et CLivitatem, et quare. [331. 165 •>] Ratio immer- gitur in praesentem materiam et formam et vult ex virt[ute sua gubêrnare; jo bejrf)LeiBt jid) bcv SLûfel. Ut Demosthênes VLoluit efficientem ü causam, invenit legres, domum, CLivitatem ordinatam, irruit illotis pêdi- Drjsequuntur rationem. Salomon autem et Spiritum sanctum habet, qui eum de finali et efficiente causa Imperiorum et Oeconomiac docet, habet item rationem et experientiam, quia et Eempublicam et domum guber- naAit. Quare non tantum ex Spiritu sancto lo(iuitur, sed etiam ex ex- »o perientia, quod est in maximis causis versatus et magnum gravissimarum rerum usum habuit. Debet autem hoc nomine commendatior nobis hie Psalmus esse, quod eum vir lantus dePolitia et de re familiari composuit. Qui quanquam brevis est, nam sex tantum versiculi sunt, tamen est singulari doctrina refertus, ac formalem, item materialem causam non « urget, A'idet cnim iam adesse domos, constitutas esse Respublicas ac munitas optünis legibus ac Magistratibus. Sed sunt ne satisf Minime: duae enim principales causae adhuc desiderantur. Nam quod ad formalem causam attinet, fieri potest, ut Leges meliores fucrint apud Gentes quam apud ludaeos. Et fieri potest, ut Magistratus quidam Gentium fuerint meliores äs, so
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