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de Investigadores em leitura - Universidade do Minho

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Actas <strong>do</strong> 7.º Encontro Nacional / 5.º Internacional <strong>de</strong><br />

Investigação <strong>em</strong> Leitura, Literatura Infantil e Ilustração<br />

Braga: Universida<strong>de</strong> <strong>do</strong> <strong>Minho</strong>, Outubro 2008<br />

Análise contrastiva das estratégias <strong>do</strong> uso da imag<strong>em</strong>/palavra na<br />

obra <strong>de</strong> ilustra<strong>do</strong>res portugueses da segunda meta<strong>de</strong> <strong>do</strong> século XX<br />

Susana Lopes<br />

Doutoranda Universida<strong>de</strong> <strong>do</strong> <strong>Minho</strong><br />

slopessilva@hotmail.com<br />

Resumo<br />

As produções literárias para a infância e, consequent<strong>em</strong>ente, a ilustração preench<strong>em</strong>, <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> há<br />

séculos, o imaginário <strong>do</strong> povo português, test<strong>em</strong>unhan<strong>do</strong> a sua história. Esta enorme produção <strong>de</strong><br />

autores nacionais <strong>de</strong> livros ilustra<strong>do</strong>s para a infância justifica a sua análise.<br />

Procuramos explorar, nesta comunicação, as estratégias <strong>do</strong> uso da imag<strong>em</strong>/palavra nos livros<br />

<strong>de</strong>stina<strong>do</strong>s às crianças escritos e ilustra<strong>do</strong>s por autores portugueses. Para o efeito, foram cria<strong>do</strong>s<br />

critérios para a <strong>de</strong>finição e caracterização das diversas produções para a infância (basea<strong>do</strong>s nos vários<br />

tipos <strong>de</strong> relação estabelecida entre palavra e imag<strong>em</strong>), no senti<strong>do</strong> <strong>de</strong> ser possível construir um mapa <strong>de</strong><br />

estratégias referentes ao uso da imag<strong>em</strong>/palavra neste tipo <strong>de</strong> produção.<br />

A consciência da complexida<strong>de</strong> das produções gráficas para a infância permite-nos reflecti-las e teorizálas<br />

segun<strong>do</strong> abordagens que po<strong>de</strong>m ser pedagógicas, narrativas e/ou físicas, das quais salientamos as<br />

<strong>de</strong> Mitchell, Urban e Derrida. O trabalho gráfico é um <strong>do</strong>s factores a ter <strong>em</strong> conta no processo <strong>de</strong><br />

categorização, interferin<strong>do</strong> nos ritmos <strong>de</strong> <strong>leitura</strong> e sen<strong>do</strong> responsável por transpor a linha para o campo<br />

das imagens, fazen<strong>do</strong> <strong>do</strong>s próprios textos ilustração.<br />

Ao “combinar” as artes, os ilustra<strong>do</strong>res estão a operar no espaço que me<strong>de</strong>ia a palavra e a imag<strong>em</strong>,<br />

obrigan<strong>do</strong>-nos a recorrer e a <strong>de</strong>senvolver formas <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>scodificar as mensagens que elas veiculavam.<br />

Abstract<br />

The infancy literary productions and, consequently, illustration, from centuries, is part of the imaginary of<br />

Portuguese people, testifying their history. The enormous production of infancy illustrated books from<br />

national authors justifies its analysis.<br />

In the present communication, we have tried to explore the image/word strategies used in children books<br />

illustrated by Portuguese authors. In or<strong>de</strong>r to accomplish this, we have <strong>de</strong>fined criteria to characterize<br />

these productions. Our intention was to draw a map of the distinct strategies used to apply word and<br />

image in this type of production.<br />

The complexity of the graphic productions for infancy allows us to reflect about th<strong>em</strong> and theorize th<strong>em</strong><br />

according to distinct approaches – pedagogic, narrative, and/or physical –, from which we <strong>de</strong>tach the<br />

approaches of Mitchell, Urban and Derrida. The graphic work is one of the factors to acknowledge in this<br />

process of characterization, interfering in reading rhythm and being responsible for bringing the line to<br />

the image field, transforming the text itself into illustration.<br />

“Combining” these arts, illustrators operate in the space between word and image, forcing us to use and<br />

<strong>de</strong>velop ways of <strong>de</strong>coding the messages vehiculated by th<strong>em</strong>.<br />

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