XXVI Congreso Internacional de Americanistas

- 2I I
W. 11 1/2 inches). The outEne is quadrangular, with overhanging
brows; eyes formed by discs of pitch in which a square shell plaque
was embedded and marked with black for the pupil (P.Jate E, ng. 1).
At Huaca Paraíso, the Ancon forms of red-painted fa ce and stripecl
cloth are to be noted, with a slight difference in the treatment of the eye
in the latter form, the shell rhomb having been pierced centra~ly anJ
attached by a knotted cord, the resin-covered knot representing the pupil.
From Caudivilla, Dr. Uhle obtained only a single type-all specimens
very small and crude, of white cotton c1oth, stuffed and with eyes, nose,
mouth and occasionalJy teeth embroidered. Several are duly provided
with hair ami une has a knitted bird "nesting" in the hair (Plate A, fig. 3) .
They resemble the supplementary figures, dolls 01' children's images
attached to the Santa Rosa mummy and are perhaps from children's
mummies. Nothing like them appears in the Pachacamac series.
In the vicinity of Lima, two forms are noted: the first that o f Ancol1.
cloth with metal features, and a second which is most fully represented
at Pachacamac, a wooden mask attached by cords to the front of the
stuffed "head" and steadied below by a tenon, the whole carved as ;J.
single piece (7).
The researches of Dr. Uhle a t Pachacamac in 1896 established fal'
the first time a culture sequence in the archaeology of coastal Peru.
According to this, the burials date from Eariy P ast-Tiahuanaco to Late
Pre-Inca times or, at La Centinela in the Lurin valley, Early Inca times.
Oí the "Graves of the Ancient Cemetery under the Base of the Temple
(of Pachacamaj) and in front of it und·e r the new soil" Dr. Uh~c
writes: "The mummies generally are in the shape of bales or packages
with a false human head attached, the fa ce of which is carved of wood
(Plate C) or is merely painted upon a stuffed cushion (Plate B) or occasional~
made of burned clay and rudely tinted. The types (of thp
mummies) were of the general class as given by Reiss and Stübel" (8).
In "The graves of the uncovered section of Cemeteri 1" he further
states "the majority of the ml1mmies resembled the type from Ancon
(Shown by R eiss and Stübel, pls. 20, fig. 1; 22; 25, fig. 1). These are
common mummy-bales without false heads. Mummies with false heads
were uncommon but in many instances the material of the wrapping was
found to be extended at the upper end Jíke a handle, tied with pieces of
cord and decorated with feathers etc. , ;!s the real head might have be