XXVI Congreso Internacional de Americanistas

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from the youngest part (11 this cemetery show, however, only the triangulpr
generalized variant. The overlapping of variants was to have
been expected and perhaps is only seeming, being caused by ancient disturbances
of the burials in the crowded holy ground in front of the
temple. As previously stated the finding at Pachacamac of thin silver
pieces cut into disks, leaf-shapes, oblongs, crescents, devices such as
fonn the featl1J;es of one class of false heads at Ancon, suggests that
this type was also used in the southern religious center.
Before summing up the evidence for the central coast of Pe1'u, it werlO
well to consider lhe an:haeological findings to the no1'th and south. According
to Scott (ro) no mummy oundles and no false heads we1'e used
in the Chira Valley, which was a center of Early Chimu life. Seemingly
the custom of giving fa1se heac1s to l11ummy-baJes, w h de exk nc1 ing i Illl>
the southern 01' Late Chimu region, was characterized by other media for
the expression of funeral arto It is true that the Uhle coll ec tion in the
University Museum has a casing for a false head which Dr. Uh'e bought
at Lima anc1 attributec1 to Northern Peru, especially Truji110. It is of
closely woven cloth changing at the back to a flimsy weave. The cloth
was folc1ec1 anc1 sewed up the side s like a pillow-case, but with the back
much longer than the front. A drawing-string across midway definen
the head when the stuffing was in place. The face is painted red with
embroidered eyes, and mouth with teeth represented, and a wooden nose.
"Bangs" or a forehead fringe is painted, while a braid of artificial hair
is sewed along the top \vilh lhe locks hanging loo ~ ely al lhe back. This
is certainly not a northern type and it seems probable that the false head
had its origin not far from the place of purchase. This and a wooden
mask figured by Schmidt (TI) and attributed to Chimbote are the only
funeral masks known to the writer which do not conform to the art
of t himu.
The masks of Chimu-land are of beaten metal- copper, silver, gold,
01' their a11oys, and obviously indica te two methods. of employment. A
flat sheet with repousse features., more 01' less squal'e in outline, formecl
the face of a mUl11mybundle; one deeply concavo-convex model probabh'
covel'ecl the fa ce of the dead, doubtless separated by a layer of cotton 01'
50ft cloth.
Copper l11asks have been figurcd from Pacasmayo, Chical11a (12),
and Chimbote (I3). One in the Uhle colIection was purchasecl in Lima
with other object5 from Northern Peru. The features are in repQussé
(ro) Scott, S. M.-L. c., p. 13.
(JI) Schmidt.-L. c., p. 550, fig. 2.
(12) Schmidt, M.-L, c., p. 375', 374.
(13) Dorsey, George A.-A Copper Mask frOI11 Chil11bote, P eru. Amcr. .'\nt[l.,
X, 1897, P 413.