Molecular Biology of the Cell by Bruce Alberts, Alexander Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter by by Bruce Alberts, Alexander Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morg

Index I:5
gene segments 1319–1320, 1321F,
1325, 1332
immunoglobulins and 1315–1324
and monoclonal antibodies 444
rough endoplasmic reticulum in 1309
B-Raf oncoprotein 1136
babies see infants
BAC (bacterial artificial chromosome)
469, 471, 479
Bacillus anthracis 1270
Bacillus subtilis
actin homologs in 897F
gene families 17, 18F, 21T
“backstitching” mechanism 242, 244
bacteria
ABC transporters in 163F
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases 336
classification by shape 1267F
control of translation 422–423
DNA replication in 253–255
Gram-positive and Gram-negative
610F, 1267F
green sulfur bacteria 796
ion channels 617–620
largest 13F
mutation rates 237–238
N-formylated peptide markers 958
phagocytosis by host cells
1281–1282
as prokaryotes 14–15, 1266
structure 13F
thermophilic 473F, 483
transcription in 306, 307F
transposon frequency in 288
transposon types, characteristic 292
use in DNA cloning 467–469
use of snRNAs against viruses
433–434
see also Escherichia coli
bacterial cells, sizes 644
bacterial cytoskeleton 896–897
bacterial flagella 942
bacterial origins
of chemiosmosis 780–781
of mitochondria and chloroplasts
25–28, 644, 798F, 806–807
bacterial pathogens
cytoskeleton hijacking by 913–914
extracellular bacterial pathogens
1269–1271
bacteriophage lambda
Cro repressor protein 123F
virus receptors and 1279
bacteriophages
CTXφ 1269
T4 bacteriophage 19F, 324
T7 bacteriophage 243
virulence genes 1268
as viruses 18, 19F
bacteriorhodopsin
hydropathy plot 579F
structure and function 586–588, 591F
Bad proteins 860F, 1030
Bak protein 1027–1028
Balbiani Ring genes 326
BAM complex 662F
band 3 protein 592F, 605
band 4.1 protein 592F
BAR domains 701, 702F
“barcoding” mutant organisms 498, 499F
Bardet-Biedl syndrome 943
barrier DNA sequences 195F, 202, 210,
391
basal and basolateral surfaces, epithelial
cells 590, 605
basal bodies 943
basal cell carcinomas 873, 1092
basal lamina
and endothelia 1235
and epithelia 749, 1035, 1062,
1068–1069
and epithelial cancers 1093F,
1096–1097F, 1123
functions 1070–1072
organization 1069–1070
as specialized extracellular matrix
1068–1069
in synapses 1209
base catalysis 144, 145F
base excision repair 269, 270F
base-pairing
bond strengths 255
and edge recognition 374
and homologous recombination
277–278, 280
limitations of complementary pairing
345
role in RNA folding and templating
363–364
role in RNA interference 429
wobble base-pairing 335, 336–337F,
342, 804
base-pairing, in DNA
antiparallel strand arrangement 176
in DNA synthesis 4
in replication and repair 239–240, 255
RNA as complementary 302–303
basement membrane see basal lamina
bases (nucleotide)
in DNA 175–176, 177F
in RNA 302
structures of 100
tautomeric forms 242
unnatural, from DNA deamination
271–273
unusual, in tRNAs 335F, 337F
bases (proton acceptors) defined 46, 93,
763–764
basic amino acid side chains 112
basophils 1239, 1240F, 1241T, 1245,
1317
Bax protein 1027–1028
Bcl2 family
ABT-737 and 1032F
as apoptosis-inhibitory proteins 860F
in B cell lymphoma 1031, 1047
pro- and anti-apoptotic 1026,
1027–1028F
regulation of the intrinsic pathway
1025–1028
survival factors and 1030
BclX L protein 1026–1027, 1030–1031,
1032F
Bcr gene, in Bcr-Abl hybrid 1135
BCRs (B cell receptors) 1315–1317,
1321–1322, 1336–1338
Beggiatoa 14F
benign tumors 1092, 1093F
benzo[a]pyrene 270, 1128
β-adrenergic receptors, structure
832–833F
β-lactamases 1293
Page numbers with an F refer to a figure; page numbers with a T refer to a table.
β 2 -microglobulin 1327, 1328F, 1330T,
1339
β-barrels
in porins 758
transmembrane proteins 579–581,
659, 662–663
β-oxidation, fatty acids 667
β-sheets
amyloid fibrils as 130–131, 133
discovery and description 115–116
in DNA recognition proteins 377
immunoglobulin (Ig) domains
1318–1319
as secondary structure 117–118
BH domains (Bcl2 homology) 1026,
1027F
BH3-only proteins 1027–1028,
1030–1031, 1032F
bi-orientation, chromatids 988–990,
993–994, 1006, 1009
Bicoid gene 1158–1159
Bicoid transcription activator 393F, 394,
395F, 422, 1158–1160
Bid protein 1028
bilayers, lipid see lipid
bimetallic centers, cytochrome c oxidase
772
binding constant (K m ) 601–602
binding interactions
cooperative binding 516–517
proteins with promoters 510–512,
515F
binding sites
allostery 151–153
Ca 2+ /calmodulin 841F
cryptic binding sites 1043, 1068
disordered regions as 126
equilibrium constants and 138–140
evolutionary tracing of 136–137
integrins 1075
loop regions as 118F, 121, 138
multienzyme complexes 148
for nucleotides in G proteins 833F
for phosphorylated amino acids 154
polypeptide subunits 123
RGD sequence 1067–1068, 1075,
1078
ribosomes, for antibiotics 351F
ribosomes, for RNAs 341–342, 347
specificity 134–135
transporters 600
see also active sites; docking sites;
ligands
biofilms, and amyloid fibrils 132
bioluminescence 547
biotin
carboxylated biotin 69T, 70F
as a coenzyme 147
nucleotide labeling 467
BiP protein (binding protein) 677, 678F,
683, 712–713
BIR domains (baculovirus IAP repeat)
1029
1,3-bisphosphoglycerate 55–59F, 77–79F,
105, 760, 786F
bistability
and positive feedback loops 518–520,
829
and robustness 520
Bithorax gene/complex 1162–1163,
1164F, 1169, 1170F