Molecular Biology of the Cell by Bruce Alberts, Alexander Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter by by Bruce Alberts, Alexander Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morg

Index I:37
p53 protein
apoptosis-promoting function 1015,
1028, 1115–1116
cell-cycle arrest 1016
loss of function in cancers 1126,
1132–1133
post-translational modification 166
target of Chk1 and Chk2 kinases
1014
as transcription regulator 1116
p53 regulatory pathway in cancers
1113–1116, 1123
P-type pumps 606–608, 690
pachytene 550F, 1006, 1007F
packaging proteins 704
PAGE (polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis)
see polyacrylamide-gel;
SDS-PAGE
pair-rule genes 1159–1160, 1162
pairing, homologs 1005F, 1006–1007
PALM (photoactivated localization
microscopy) 552, 553F
palmitic acid 98
PAMPs (pathogen-associated molecular
patterns)
dendritic cell activation 1306F, 1326
peptidoglycans and LPSs as 1267
recognition by PRRs 1298, 1300
PAMs (protospacer adjacent motifs) 434F,
497
pancreas
acinar cells 748
β-cell renewal 1226–1227
exocrine cells 671F
membrane types in liver and 643T
negative selection to protect 1332–
1333
pancreatic cancers 1117
pandoraviruses 1274
Paneth cells 1218–1219, 1221–1225
PAP (poly-A polymerase) 325
papillomaviruses 1129, 1130T,
1131–1132, 1276
PAPS (3ʹ-phosphoadenosine-
5ʹ-phosphosulfate) 719
paracellular pores 1049
paracellular transport 1047
paracrine action, Type I interferons 1304
paracrine signaling 815
paralogs
distinguished from homologs and
orthologs 17–18
in vertebrate genomes 34, 120
Paramecium 614, 941
parasites, eukaryotic 1277, 1282–1284,
1290
parasitism 1264
parathormone 835T
Parkin ubiquitin ligase 727
Parkinson’s disease 130, 324, 727, 1251
ParM protein 897
PARP (PolyADP-ribose polymerase)
inhibitors 1133–1135, 1139
parthenogenicity 987
parvin 1079
parvoviruses 1274
passenger mutations 1104, 1111–1112,
1119F, 1137
patch-clamp recording 626, 627F
Patched receptors 871–873
paternity testing 476
pathogenicity islands 1268–1269, 1282F
pathogens
cross-species transmission 1279,
1291
drug resistance 1291–1294
engulfment by phagocytic cells
1301–1302
epithelial barrier to infection 1265,
1276–1277
evolution by antigenic variation
1289–1291
extracellular 1269, 1277–1278
facultative and obligate 1268
fungal and protozoan 1271–1273
host interactions 1264–1265
host specificity 1265
infection strategies 1276–1294
insect vectors 1276
intracellular 1278–1279, 1282, 1283F,
1284–1285
opportunistic pathogens 1265, 1268,
1276
primary pathogens 1265, 1276
use of the host’s cytoskeleton
913–914, 1286–1288
viral, bacterial and eukaryotic 1266
viruses causing human diseases
1273T
see also bacteria; parasites; viruses
patterns, biological see order
patterns, in development see spatial
patterning
Pax6 gene (Eyeless) 397–398F, 1146F,
1171
paxillin 1037T, 1080
PCNA 247, 262
PCR (polymerase chain reaction)
chromosome structure analysis 209F
DNA cloning using 473–477
ion torrent sequencing 481
quantitative RT-PCR 502–503
PD1 receptors 1138F, 1139, 1337
PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor)
action via receptor tyrosine kinases
850T, 853F
as a mitogen 1011–1012
pericyte and smooth muscle
recruitment 1238
production of embryoid bodies 1257F
PDI (protein disulfide isomerase) 682, 686
PDK1 (phosphoinositide-dependent
protein kinase 1) 860
Pdm transcription regulator 1179
PDZ domains 1050
pectins 1083–1084
pemphigus 1046
penicillin 1267, 1291, 1293
penis, cyclic GMP in 847
pentose phosphate pathway 760
peptide-binding grooves, MHC proteins
1327
peptide bonds
in the α-helix and β-sheet 116F
as C-N bonds 91
energetics of 61, 346
hydrogen bonding among 94,
110–112
in peptides and proteins 110–112
in protein synthesis 339–344
see also polypeptides
peptide synthetase 365
peptidoglycans 1267, 1292
peptidyl-transferases 343, 348, 352T
peptidyl-tRNAs 339, 340F, 342F, 348,
351F
Per protein 878
“perfect enzymes” 143
perforin 1334
pericentric heterochromatin 204F
pericentriolar material 930, 931F, 943F
pericentriolar matrix 982, 983F, 984, 985F
pericytes 1235, 1236F, 1238
perinuclear space 649, 650F
periodic table of the elements 43F
peripheral tolerance 1314
periplasmic substrate-binding protein
610F
periplasms 1267F
periventricular heterotopia 912, 913F
PERK protein kinase 688
perlecan 1058F, 1070, 1071F
permeases see transporters
peroxidases 735F
peroxins 667
peroxisome proliferation-activated
receptors (PPARs) 875
peroxisomes
Abcd1 gene and 301F
among intracellular compartments
642
as organelles 666–669
persistence length 898, 926, 945
persistence of responses, intracellular
signaling 825
persistent inputs, and feed-forward motifs
522–523
pertussis (whooping cough) 834, 1277
PET (positron emission tomography)
1092F
Pex1 and Pex6 ATPase 668
Pex5 import receptor 667–668
Peyer’s patches 1308F, 1311
pH
acidity of lysosomes 722–723
KDEL receptor affinity and 714
pH scale 46, 93
regulation by vacuoles 724
regulation of cytosolic 604–605
pH changes, ion torrent sequencing
481
pH gradients
contribution to electrochemical
gradients 662, 762–763
isoelectric focusing 453
see also proton gradients
PH (pleckstrin homology) domains 822,
824F, 859F, 860
phagocytosis
of bacteria by host cells 1281–1282
coiling phagocytes 1286
defined 730
as feature of eukaryotes 24, 25F
as a lysosome delivery pathway 725
plasma membrane enlargement 748
professional phagocytes 739
see also macrophages; neutrophils
phagolysosomes 1284, 1301, 1306F,
1329
phagosomes 725, 738–740
autophagosomes 725F, 726–727
Listeria monocytogenes and 1284F
PRRs and 1298
Page numbers with an F refer to a figure; page numbers with a T refer to a table.