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Molecular Biology of the Cell by Bruce Alberts, Alexander Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter by by Bruce Alberts, Alexander Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morg

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I:30 Index

LRP4 receptors 1210

LRR (leucine-rich repeat) receptor kinases

881

LTD (long-term depression) 637

LTP (long-term potentiation) 636–637

lumens

defined 644

endoplasmic reticulum 669

small intestine 1037

luminescent proteins 547

luminescent reporters 1117F

lung cancer 1095, 1110F, 1129F, 1136

lungs, formation and structure 1190

luteinizing hormone 835T

Lyme disease 1264F, 1286F

lymph nodes (lymph glands) 1313F

lymphatic system

antigen presentation 1305, 1306F

endothelial cells in 1236

lymphocyte recirculation 1311–1313

metastases use of 1101–1102, 1123,

1236

see also lymphoid organs

lymphocytes

autoimmune diseases and 1031

B and T lymphocytes 1240, 1297

differentiation in immunological

memory 1309

elimination by apoptosis 1022

killer (cytotoxic) lymphocytes 1024,

1025F

L-selectin and 1055

maturation 1310

migration 1185–1186

number in the human body 1308

tyrosine-kinase-associated receptors

and 862

see also B cells; T cells

lymphoid follicles 1312, 1313F, 1322,

1336

lymphoid organs

human lymphoid organs 1308F, 1309

peripheral, and antigen display 1324,

1326, 1332

peripheral, and self-tolerance 1314

peripheral, antigen binding in 1308–

1312, 1313F, 1317, 1322, 1323F

lymphomas 1092

lysine

acetylation during transcription 387,

388F

elastin cross-linking 1065

histone modifications 196–197, 200F

incompatibility of methylation and

acetylation 207

KKXX sequences 713

in nuclear localization signals 650

in the nucleosome 188, 196–197

regulatory use of methylation 165T

structure 112

lysosomal storage diseases 728–729

lysosome-dependent/independent

pathways 1283

lysosomes

among intracellular compartments

642

delivery pathways 725, 727–728

exocytosis 729

fusion with the autophagosome 726

heterogeneity 723–724

maturation 724F

plant and fungal vacuoles 724–725

structure and function 722–724

transport from Golgi apparatus to

722–730

lysozyme

catalysis illustrated 6F, 144–146

disulfide bonds in 127

M

M-Cdk 973, 978–979, 982, 985–986,

1003

M-cyclins 969, 971, 978, 993, 1004

M phase

chromosome changes 215

position in cell cycle 963, 964F

macromolecules

complex formation 50F

conformations 49

in the cytoplasm 60F

extracellular matrix 1057–1058

formation by condensation reactions

49

head and tail polymerization 72–73

importance in biology 43, 47–49

localization using immunogold

electron microscopy 556–557

precursors from the citric acid cycle

85F

relative sizes 1059–1060F

self-assembly 128–129

and small molecule monomers 47

synthesis driven by ATP hydrolysis

70–73

visualization using AFM 548–549

visualization using negative staining

or cryoelectron microscopy

559–561

visualization using TIRF 547–548

macrophages

CSFs and production of 1245

derived from monocytes 1239

inhibitory receptors 1245

Legionella pneumophila and 1286

as professional phagocytes 739, 1301

selectivity 1031

macropinocytosis 725, 732, 733F, 738

as a lysosome delivery pathway 725

virus entry 1280

Mad2 protein 994

magnesium in chlorophyll 766, 787

magnesium (Mg 2+ ) ions

integrin binding 1075

NMDA receptors and 636

magnification and appearance of cells

529, 530F

maintenance methyl transferases

404–405

maize

pachytene chromosomes 550F

regulatory DNA influence 1175

major groove, DNA double helix 177F,

373–374F

location of methylated cytosines 405

transcription regulator binding

373–377, 405

malaria 610, 804, 1272–1273, 1276,

1282, 1331

see also Plasmodium

malate 107

MALDI (matrix-assisted laser desorption

ionization) 456–457

malignancy, defined 1092, 1093F

maltoporin 581

mammals

conserved body plan 227

hematopoietic stem cells 1244

imprinting restricted to 409

ion concentrations inside and outside

cells 598T

limited regenerative abilities 1249

LTP in the hippocampus 636–637

membrane lipids 567

the mouse as a model organism

35–36

phylogenetic tree 221F

manganese clusters 790, 791F, 793–794F

mannose 96

mannose-6-phosphate (M6P) 727,

728–729F, 742F

MAP kinases (mitogen-activated protein

kinases)

activation as all-or-none 830F

mammalian Raf, Mek and Erk kinases

856

MAP kinase module 856

in protein kinase evolutionary tree

155F

Ras activation 855–856, 1012

see also Ras-MAP kinase

MAPKK (MAP kinase kinase) 856–857,

1271

MAPKKK (MAP kinase kinase kinase)

856– 857

MAPs (microtubule-associated proteins)

932–934, 986

MAP2 932–934

see also centrosomes

Marchantia 801F, 805F

Marfan’s syndrome 1066

mass spectrometry (MS) 455–457

mast cells 1239, 1240, 1317

master transcription regulators 398–399,

1254–1256

maternal-effect genes 1158–1159

maternal-zygotic transition 1181

mathematics in biology 509–525

see also models

mating factors/receptors/pheromones

813–814, 832, 857

matinib 1135–1136

matrix metalloproteases 1072–1073

matrix receptors and co-receptors 1074

matrix space, mitochondria 658, 660,

661–662, 757–759

MBL (mannose-binding lectin) 1301,

1302F, 1303

Mbl protein 896–897

MCSF (macrophage-colony-stimulating

factor) 850T

Mdm2 protein 1014, 1015F, 1016, 1017F

Mdr1 gene 1139

MDR (multidrug resistance) protein 610,

1293

mean lifetimes 513F, 514

mechanical stability

compression resistance 1036F, 1082,

1084F

intermediate filaments 944, 946–948

tensile strength 1046, 1057, 1063,

1070, 1082–1083, 1084–1085F

mechanically gated channels 614, 619

mechanotransduction 1043, 1044F, 1074,

1080–1081

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