Diagnostic ultrasound ( PDFDrive )

Index I-3
Adnexa (Continued)
transvaginal ultrasound for assessment of, 566
vascular abnormalities in, 589–590
ovarian vein thrombosis and thrombophlebitis
as, 589–590, 589f
pelvic congestion syndrome as, 590, 590f
vascularity of, 565–566, 565f
ADPKD. See Autosomal dominant polycystic
kidney disease
Adrenal ablation, 428
Adrenal cortex
carcinoma of, 424–425, 426f
functions of, 417
Adrenal gland(s)
anatomy of, 416–417, 417f
benign neoplasms of, 418–424
adenomas as, 418–420, 418b, 419f, 607
cysts as, 421–422, 422b, 423f
hemorrhage as, 422–424, 424f
management of, 428
myelolipomas as, 420–421, 420b, 420f
pheochromocytomas as, 421, 422f
rare, 427–428
calciication of, 423, 425f
causes of, 424b
cysts of, 421–422, 422b, 423f
fetal
congenital hyperplasia of, genitalia in,
1367–1368
masses in, 1353–1354, 1353f, 1353t
normal, 1353, 1353f
hemorrhage in, 422–424, 424f
ater liver transplantation, 638, 645f
histoplasmosis of, 423
hypertrophy of, 416–417
immunosuppression and, 423
infectious diseases of, 423–424, 425f
interventions for neoplasms of, 428–429
endoscopic ultrasound for, 428–429, 429f
intraoperative ultrasound for, 429
ultrasound-guided biopsy for, 428, 429f
let, 416–417, 417f
multiplanar scanning of, 418
malignant neoplasms of, 424–427
adrenocortical carcinomas as, 424–425, 426f
lymphomas as, 426–427, 427f
management of, 428
metastases as, 425–426, 426f–427f
rare, 427–428
pediatric
adrenocortical neoplasms of, 1827, 1827f
carcinoma of, 1827, 1827f
congenital hyperplasia of, 1822–1824, 1824f,
1900–1901
hemorrhage into, neonatal, 1824–1825, 1825f
measurements of, in neonates, 1820–1821,
1823t
neuroblastoma and, 1825–1826, 1826f
normal anatomy of, 1820–1822, 1824f
pheochromocytoma and, 1826–1827, 1827f
sonography of, 1820–1827
percutaneous needle biopsy of, 606–607, 608f
physiology of, 416–417, 417f
right, 416–417, 417f
multiplanar scanning of, 417–418, 418f
sonographic imaging and technique for,
417–418, 418f
tuberculosis of, 423
Adrenal insuiciency, 426–427
Adrenal medulla, functions of, 417
Adrenal rests, testicular, 832–833, 833f, 1824
pediatric, 1900–1901
Adrenarche, pseudoprecocious puberty and, 1888
Adrenocortical neoplasms, pediatric, 1827, 1827f
Adson maneuver, 976–977
Aferent loop obstruction, mechanical bowel and,
293
AFI. See Amniotic luid index
Age. See Gestational age; Maternal age
Age, pediatric
kidney length and
comparison of, 1776–1778, 1777f
reference values for, 1776–1778, 1778t
with single functioning kidney, 1779t
kidney volume according to
reference values for, 1776–1778, 1778t
with single functioning kidney, 1779t
Agent detection imaging (ADI), 66
Agnathia, 1154, 1159f
Agyria, in lissencephaly, 1195
Aicardi syndrome
choroid plexus papillomas in, 1209
corpus callosum agenesis and, 1526–1528
AIDS. See Acquired immunodeiciency syndrome
AIDS cholangitis, 181
Air bronchograms, sonographic
in atelectatic lung, 1714, 1716f
in consolidated lung, 1711, 1714f–1715f
pneumonia and, 1702, 1703f, 1708f
round, 1712, 1715f
Air bubbles, encapsulated, as blood pool contrast
agents, 55–56, 55t
AIUM. See American Institute of Ultrasound in
Medicine
AKI. See Acute kidney injury
Alagille syndrome, pediatric, 1737
ALARA, 31, 1041–1042
Albunex, 55–56
Aldosterone, secretion of, 417
Aliasing
in color Doppler ultrasound, 28, 29f, 966
high-velocity jets and, 933
in Doppler ultrasound, 29b, 32f
in pediatric abdominal vessel imaging, 1749
in pulsed Doppler ultrasound, 939, 939f
in renal artery duplex Doppler sonography,
449
Alkaline-encrusted pyelitis, 324–325
Allantois, 1059, 1337f, 1338
Allergy, milk, gastric mucosa thickening and,
1839–1840
Allograt nephropathy, chronic, 1810, 1812f
Alloimmune arteritis, ater pancreas
transplantation, 677
Alloimmune thrombocytopenia, intracranial
hemorrhage and, 1206
Alpha angle, in hip joint classiication, 1924,
1924f–1925f
Alpha-fetoprotein, maternal serum, 1117
elevated, causes of, 1226, 1226b, 1228
fetal abdominal wall defects and, 1322
gestational age compared to levels of, 1227f
spina biida screening and, 1221, 1226–1228,
1226b, 1227f
17-alpha hydroxy-progesterone caproate (17α-
OHPC), vaginal progesterone compared
to, 1507
Alport syndrome, CKD and, 1796–1798
Alternating current, 8
Ambient cistern, fetal, normal sonographic
appearance of, 1168
Amebiasis, hepatic, 87–88, 89f
in children, 1747–1748
Amebic liver abscesses, 613
Amelia, deinition of, 1399
Amenorrhea, primary, causes of, 1887
American College of Obstetricians and
Gynecologists (ACOG), 1107
American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine
(AIUM), 1041
on bioefects
of diagnostic ultrasound with gas body
contrast agents, 43, 44b
in gas bodies, 45–46, 46b
safety statements of, general, 47, 47b
thermal, 40, 40b–41b
hermal Index Working Group of, 38–40
Amniocentesis
diagnostic, in NTD screening, 1228
genetic, 1108–1109, 1108f
in multifetal pregnancy, 1125–1126
therapeutic, in fetal hydrops, 1436
Amnion
chorion separation from, 1469, 1469f
early pregnancy failure and size of, 1066,
1067f–1068f
normal sonographic appearance of, 1057,
1059f–1060f
unfused, 1057
Amnion inclusion cyst, 1061
Amnionicity, in multifetal pregnancy, 1057, 1058f,
1115–1116, 1116f
sonographic determination of, 1117, 1119t
triplets and, 1122f
Amniotic band sequence
amputations caused by, 1401, 1403f
anencephaly diferentiated from, 1179
fetal brain and, 1180f, 1182–1183
terminal transverse limb defects and, 1400
Amniotic band syndrome, 1057
facial clets in, 1152–1153
fetal abdominal wall and, 1330, 1330f
Amniotic bands
circumvallate placenta confused with,
1479–1480
constrictive, 1182–1183
Amniotic cavity, formation of, 1051, 1052f
Amniotic luid
assessment of, 1339b
volume of, 1339–1340
Amniotic luid index (AFI), 1339
method for obtaining, 1340
values for, in normal pregnancy, 1341t
A-mode ultrasound, 9
Amplitude
evaluation of, power Doppler in, 935
modulation imaging, 64, 65f
Ampulla, 565
Amputations, from amniotic band sequence, 1401,
1403f
Amyand hernias, 472–473, 473f
Amyloidosis, renal failure in, 372
Anabolic steroid therapy, hepatic adenomas and,
1746
Anal atresia, 1311
Anal canal, endosonography of, 302–307,
304f–307f, 306b
Anal dimple, 1311–1312, 1311f
fetal cloacal exstrophy and, 1328
Analgesia, TRUS-guided biopsy and,
407
Anaplastic carcinoma, of thyroid gland, 707–708,
708b, 709f
Anasarca, fetal, in hydrops, 1417, 1420f
Anastomotic pseudoaneurysms, 438
Anastomotic strictures, bladder augmentation and,
1912–1913
Anderson-Carr-Randall theory of stone
progression, 339, 1798–1799
Androblastoma, 585
Androgens, secretion of, 417
Anechoic cysts, 331
Volume I pp 1–1014 • Volume II pp 1015–1968