Diagnostic ultrasound ( PDFDrive )

Recommendations

Info

e2APPENDIXUltrasound Artifacts: A Virtual Chapteror comet-tail occur. And if the direction of the beam or its echois altered, refraction or anisotropy artifact may be produced.Beam ProileAn assumption is made that the sound beam generated by thetransducer is a narrow line. When the beam is not suiciencynarrow in the imaging plane or in the elevation plane (i.e., alongthe short axis of the transducer), side lobe or grating lobe orpartial volume averaging artifacts may occur.PROPAGATION VELOCITY ARTIFACTlarge structure composed of tissue that propagates speed at adiferent velocity is encountered, then propagation velocity artifactcan occur. 1 In the case of a fatty lesion, the slower speed ofpropagation (approximately 1450 m/sec) means that the echowill take longer to return to the transducer; thus the lesion isdisplayed deeper in the image than its true location. Some newerultrasound machines with multibeam (spatial compounding)features and improved signal processing can minimize thisartifact.Click here to see an explanatory video of propagation velocityartifact (Video A.1).Ultrasound image processing assumes that the speed of soundin tissue is a constant 1540 m/sec. However, when a suicientlyAirFatWaterSoft tissue(average)LiverKidneyBloodMuscleBone330145014801540155015601570158040801400 1500 1600 1700 1800Propagation velocity (meters/second)FIG. A.1 Propagation Velocity. Propagation velocity of differentbody tissues. 2 (See Chapter 1, Fig. 1.2.)FIG. A.2 Propagation Velocity. When sound passes through a fatty mass, in this case a myelolipoma, its speed slows down to 1450 m/sec.Because the ultrasound scanner assumes that sound is being propagated at the average velocity of 1540 m/sec, the delay in echo return isinterpreted as indicating a deeper target. Therefore the inal image shows a misregistration artifact in which the diaphragm (arrow) is shown ina deeper position than expected in this patient with a right adrenal myelolipoma. The computed tomography image depicts the myelolipoma, conirmingits fatty nature.
APPENDIX Ultrasound Artifacts: A Virtual Chaptere3ATTENUATION ERRORSWhen the ultrasound beam encounters a focal lesion that attenuatesthe sound to a greater or lesser extent than the surroundingtissues, the intensity of the beam deep to the lesion will be eitherweaker (shadowing) or stronger (increased through transmission)than in the surrounding tissues.Click here to see an explanatory video of attenuation-relatedartifacts (Video A.2).ShadowingShadowing results when there is a marked reduction in theintensity of the ultrasound deep to a strong relector, attenuator,or refractor. Clean dark shadows will be seen behind calciiedobjects when the focal zone is at or just below the structure.Click here to see an explanatory video of shadowing(Video A.3).Water 0.00BloodFatSoft tissue(average)LiverKidneyMuscle(parallel)Muscle(transverse)Bone0.180.630.700.941.001.303.305.00Air10.000 2 4 6 8 10Attenuation (dB/cm/MHz)FIG. A.3 As sound passes through tissue, it loses energy throughthe transfer of energy to tissue by heating, relection, and scattering.Attenuation is determined by the insonating frequency and the natureof the attenuating medium. Attenuation values for normal tissues showconsiderable variation. Attenuation also increases in proportion toinsonating frequency, resulting in less penetration at higher frequencies. 2(See Chapter 1, Fig. 1.9.)FIG. A.4 Gallstone With Shadowing. Note the dark, well-deinedshadow. 3 (See Chapter 6, Fig. 6.39C.)
Page 2 and 3:
Any screen.Any time.Anywhere.Activa
Page 4 and 5:
This page intentionally left blank
Page 6 and 7:
1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd.Ste 1800P
Page 8 and 9:
Page 10 and 11:
viiiContributorsOlga R. Brook, MDAs
Page 12 and 13:
xContributorsChristy K. Holland, Ph
Page 14 and 15:
xiiContributorsRupa Radhakrishnan,
Page 16 and 17:
Page 18 and 19:
Page 20 and 21:
Page 22 and 23:
Page 24 and 25:
xxiiContentsVOLUME IIPART IV Obstet
Page 26 and 27:
xxivVideo ContentsVideo 12.8 Angiog
Page 28 and 29:
xxviVideo ContentsVideo 26.20 High-
Page 30 and 31:
xxviiiVideo Contents42 Fetal Measur
Page 32 and 33:
Page 34 and 35:
Page 36 and 37:
2 PART I Physicsphysics. he amplitu
Page 38 and 39:
4 PART I Physics× ms×FIG. 1.4 Ult
Page 40 and 41:
6 PART I Physicsθ 1 = 20°Tissue A
Page 42 and 43:
8 PART I Physicssignature. Broad-ba
Page 44 and 45:
10 PART I PhysicsFIG. 1.13 B-Mode I
Page 46 and 47:
12 PART I PhysicsIn these transduce
Page 48 and 49:
14 PART I PhysicsFIG. 1.17 Tissue H
Page 50 and 51:
16 PART I PhysicsKey Points of Ultr
Page 52 and 53:
18 PART I PhysicsA - Normal liverv
Page 54 and 55:
20 PART I PhysicsFIG. 1.27 Reverber
Page 56 and 57:
22 PART I Physics-0 dBUncorrected-0
Page 58 and 59:
24 PART I Physicsθ = 0°cos θ = 1
Page 60 and 61:
26 PART I PhysicsABFIG. 1.38 Color
Page 62 and 63:
28 PART I PhysicsChanges in Doppler
Page 64 and 65:
30 PART I PhysicsABFIG. 1.44 Wall F
Page 66 and 67:
32 PART I PhysicsABCDFIG. 1.46 Alia
Page 68 and 69:
CHAPTER2Biologic Effects and Safety
Page 70 and 71:
36 PART I PhysicsPressurePulse repe
Page 72 and 73:
38 PART I PhysicsUltrasound imaging
Page 74 and 75:
40 PART I Physicsacoustic power and
Page 76 and 77:
42 PART I PhysicsFIG. 2.6 Acoustic
Page 78 and 79:
44 PART I PhysicsThe AIUM Statement
Page 80 and 81:
46 PART I Physics1. Current ultraso
Page 82 and 83:
48 PART I PhysicsEPIDEMIOLOGYWith a
Page 84 and 85:
50 PART I Physicscontrols whether t
Page 86 and 87:
52 PART I Physics70. Hwang JH, Tu J
Page 88 and 89:
54 PART I PhysicsA B 5 μmFIG. 3.1
Page 90 and 91:
56 PART I Physicsstudies with Levov
Page 92 and 93:
58 PART I Physicsabdominal organs.
Page 94 and 95:
60 PART I PhysicsHarmonic B-Mode Im
Page 96 and 97:
62 PART I PhysicsFIG. 3.9 Contrast-
Page 98 and 99:
64 PART I Physicsdramatic manifesta
Page 100 and 101:
66 PART I Physics5 µmFIG. 3.15 Fra
Page 102 and 103:
68 PART I Physicsplatelet lysis), n
Page 104 and 105:
70 PART I PhysicsEnhancement1 2 3 4
Page 106 and 107:
72 PART I Physics46. Hamilton MF, B
Page 108 and 109:
PART TWO: Abdominal and Pelvic Sono
Page 110 and 111:
76 PART II Abdominal and Pelvic Son
Page 112 and 113:
Page 114 and 115:
Page 116 and 117:
Page 118 and 119:
Page 120 and 121:
Page 122 and 123:
Page 124 and 125:
Page 126 and 127:
Page 128 and 129:
Page 130 and 131:
Page 132 and 133:
Page 134 and 135:
100 PART II Abdominal and Pelvic So
Page 136 and 137:
Page 138 and 139:
Page 140 and 141:
Page 142 and 143:
Page 144 and 145:
Page 146 and 147:
Page 148 and 149:
Page 150 and 151:
Page 152 and 153:
Page 154 and 155:
Page 156 and 157:
Page 158 and 159:
Page 160 and 161:
Page 162 and 163:
Page 164 and 165:
Page 166 and 167:
Page 168 and 169:
Page 170 and 171:
Page 172 and 173:
Page 174 and 175:
Page 176 and 177:
Page 178 and 179:
Page 180 and 181:
Page 182 and 183:
Page 184 and 185:
Page 186 and 187:
Page 188 and 189:
ABFIG. 5.20 Microabscesses in Two P
Page 190 and 191:
Page 192 and 193:
Page 194 and 195:
Page 196 and 197:
Page 198 and 199:
Page 200 and 201:
Page 202 and 203:
Page 204 and 205:
Page 206 and 207:
Page 208 and 209:
Page 210 and 211:
Page 212 and 213:
Page 214 and 215:
Page 216 and 217:
Page 218 and 219:
Page 220 and 221:
Page 222 and 223:
Page 224 and 225:
Page 226 and 227:
ABFIG. 6.32 Distal Cholangiocarcino
Page 228 and 229:
Page 230 and 231:
Page 232 and 233:
Page 234 and 235:
Page 236 and 237:
Page 238 and 239:
Page 240 and 241:
Page 242 and 243:
Page 244 and 245:
CHAPTER7The PancreasThomas Winter a
Page 246 and 247:
Page 248 and 249:
Page 250 and 251:
Page 252 and 253:
Page 254 and 255:
Page 256 and 257:
Page 258 and 259:
Page 260 and 261:
Page 262 and 263:
Page 264 and 265:
Page 266 and 267:
Page 268 and 269:
Page 270 and 271:
Page 272 and 273:
Page 274 and 275:
Page 276 and 277:
Page 278 and 279:
Page 280 and 281:
Page 282 and 283:
Page 284 and 285:
Page 286 and 287:
Page 288 and 289:
Page 290 and 291:
CHAPTER8The Gastrointestinal TractS
Page 292 and 293:
Page 294 and 295:
Page 296 and 297:
Page 298 and 299:
Page 300 and 301:
Page 302 and 303:
Page 304 and 305:
Page 306 and 307:
ABFIG. 8.16 Lymphadenopathy in Two
Page 308 and 309:
Page 310 and 311:
Page 312 and 313:
A B CD E FG H IFIG. 8.23 Inlammator
Page 314 and 315:
Page 316 and 317:
Page 318 and 319:
Page 320 and 321:
Page 322 and 323:
Page 324 and 325:
Page 326 and 327:
Page 328 and 329:
Page 330 and 331:
Page 332 and 333:
Page 334 and 335:
Page 336 and 337:
Page 338 and 339:
FIG. 8.56 Gastrointestinal Stromal
Page 340 and 341:
Page 342 and 343:
Page 344 and 345:
CHAPTER9The Kidney and Urinary Trac
Page 346 and 347:
Remnant ofpronephrosMesonephrosBMes
Page 348 and 349:
Page 350 and 351:
Page 352 and 353:
Page 354 and 355:
Page 356 and 357:
Page 358 and 359:
Page 360 and 361:
Page 362 and 363:
Page 364 and 365:
Page 366 and 367:
Page 368 and 369:
Page 370 and 371:
Page 372 and 373:
Page 374 and 375:
Page 376 and 377:
Page 378 and 379:
Page 380 and 381:
Page 382 and 383:
Page 384 and 385:
Page 386 and 387:
Page 388 and 389:
Page 390 and 391:
Page 392 and 393:
Page 394 and 395:
Page 396 and 397:
Page 398 and 399:
Page 400 and 401:
Page 402 and 403:
Page 404 and 405:
Page 406 and 407:
Page 408 and 409:
Page 410 and 411:
Page 412 and 413:
Page 414 and 415:
Page 416 and 417:
Page 418 and 419:
Page 420 and 421:
Page 422 and 423:
Page 424 and 425:
Page 426 and 427:
Page 428 and 429:
Page 430 and 431:
Page 432 and 433:
Page 434 and 435:
Page 436 and 437:
Page 438 and 439:
Page 440 and 441:
Page 442 and 443:
Page 444 and 445:
Page 446 and 447:
Page 448 and 449:
Page 450 and 451:
CHAPTER11The Adrenal GlandsChristin
Page 452 and 453:
Page 454 and 455:
Page 456 and 457:
Page 458 and 459:
Page 460 and 461:
Page 462 and 463:
Page 464 and 465:
Page 466 and 467:
CHAPTER12The RetroperitoneumRaymond
Page 468 and 469:
Page 470 and 471:
Page 472 and 473:
Page 474 and 475:
Page 476 and 477:
Page 478 and 479:
Page 480 and 481:
Page 482 and 483:
Page 484 and 485:
Page 486 and 487:
Page 488 and 489:
Page 490 and 491:
Page 492 and 493:
Page 494 and 495:
Page 496 and 497:
Page 498 and 499:
Page 500 and 501:
Page 502 and 503:
Page 504 and 505:
CHAPTER13Dynamic Ultrasound of Hern
Page 506 and 507:
Page 508 and 509:
Page 510 and 511:
Page 512 and 513:
Page 514 and 515:
Page 516 and 517:
Page 518 and 519:
Page 520 and 521:
Page 522 and 523:
Page 524 and 525:
Page 526 and 527:
Page 528 and 529:
Page 530 and 531:
Page 532 and 533:
Page 534 and 535:
Page 536 and 537:
Page 538 and 539:
CHAPTER14The PeritoneumAnthony E. H
Page 540 and 541:
Page 542 and 543:
Page 544 and 545:
Page 546 and 547:
Page 548 and 549:
Page 550 and 551:
Page 552 and 553:
Page 554 and 555:
Page 556 and 557:
Page 558 and 559:
Page 560 and 561:
Page 562 and 563:
CHAPTER15The UterusDouglas Brown an
Page 564 and 565:
Page 566 and 567:
Page 568 and 569:
Page 570 and 571:
Page 572 and 573:
Page 574 and 575:
Page 576 and 577:
Page 578 and 579:
Page 580 and 581:
Page 582 and 583:
Page 584 and 585:
Page 586 and 587:
Page 588 and 589:
Page 590 and 591:
Page 592 and 593:
Page 594 and 595:
Page 596 and 597:
Page 598 and 599:
CHAPTER16The AdnexaRochelle Filker
Page 600 and 601:
Page 602 and 603:
Page 604 and 605:
Page 606 and 607:
Page 608 and 609:
Page 610 and 611:
Page 612 and 613:
Page 614 and 615:
Page 616 and 617:
Page 618 and 619:
Page 620 and 621:
Page 622 and 623:
Page 624 and 625:
Page 626 and 627:
Page 628 and 629:
Page 630 and 631:
Page 632 and 633:
Page 634 and 635:
Page 636 and 637:
Page 638 and 639:
Page 640 and 641:
Page 642 and 643:
Page 644 and 645:
Page 646 and 647:
Page 648 and 649:
Page 650 and 651:
Page 652 and 653:
Page 654 and 655:
Page 656 and 657:
Page 658 and 659:
Page 660 and 661:
Page 662 and 663:
Page 664 and 665:
Page 666 and 667:
Page 668 and 669:
Page 670 and 671:
Page 672 and 673:
Page 674 and 675:
Page 676 and 677:
Page 678 and 679:
Page 680 and 681:
Page 682 and 683:
Page 684 and 685:
Page 686 and 687:
Page 688 and 689:
Page 690 and 691:
Page 692 and 693:
Page 694 and 695:
Page 696 and 697:
Page 698 and 699:
Page 700 and 701:
Page 702 and 703:
Page 704 and 705:
Page 706 and 707:
Page 708 and 709:
Page 710 and 711:
Page 712 and 713:
Page 714 and 715:
Page 716 and 717:
Page 718 and 719:
Page 720 and 721:
Page 722 and 723:
Page 724 and 725:
Page 726 and 727:
692 PART III Small Parts, Carotid A
Page 728 and 729:
Page 730 and 731:
Page 732 and 733:
Page 734 and 735:
Page 736 and 737:
Page 738 and 739:
Page 740 and 741:
Page 742 and 743:
Page 744 and 745:
Page 746 and 747:
Page 748 and 749:
Page 750 and 751:
Page 752 and 753:
Page 754 and 755:
Page 756 and 757:
Page 758 and 759:
Page 760 and 761:
Page 762 and 763:
Page 764 and 765:
Page 766 and 767:
CHAPTER20The Parathyroid GlandsBonn
Page 768 and 769:
Page 770 and 771:
Page 772 and 773:
Page 774 and 775:
Page 776 and 777:
Page 778 and 779:
Page 780 and 781:
Page 782 and 783:
Page 784 and 785:
Page 786 and 787:
Page 788 and 789:
Page 790 and 791:
Page 792 and 793:
Page 794 and 795:
Page 796 and 797:
Page 798 and 799:
Page 800 and 801:
*** *FIG. 21.8 Terminal Ductolobula
Page 802 and 803:
Page 804 and 805:
Page 806 and 807:
Page 808 and 809:
Page 810 and 811:
Page 812 and 813:
Page 814 and 815:
Page 816 and 817:
Page 818 and 819:
Page 820 and 821:
Page 822 and 823:
Page 824 and 825:
Page 826 and 827:
Page 828 and 829:
Page 830 and 831:
Page 832 and 833:
Page 834 and 835:
Page 836 and 837:
Page 838 and 839:
Page 840 and 841:
Page 842 and 843:
Page 844 and 845:
Page 846 and 847:
Page 848 and 849:
Page 850 and 851:
Page 852 and 853:
CHAPTER22The ScrotumDaniel Sommers
Page 854 and 855:
Page 856 and 857:
Page 858 and 859:
Page 860 and 861:
Page 862 and 863:
Page 864 and 865:
Page 866 and 867:
Page 868 and 869:
Page 870 and 871:
Page 872 and 873:
Page 874 and 875:
Page 876 and 877:
Page 878 and 879:
Page 880 and 881:
Page 882 and 883:
Page 884 and 885:
Page 886 and 887:
Page 888 and 889:
Page 890 and 891:
CHAPTER23Overview of Musculoskeleta
Page 892 and 893:
Page 894 and 895:
Page 896 and 897:
Page 898 and 899:
Page 900 and 901:
Page 902 and 903:
Page 904 and 905:
Page 906 and 907:
Page 908 and 909:
Page 910 and 911:
Page 912 and 913:
Page 914 and 915:
Page 916 and 917:
Page 918 and 919:
Page 920 and 921:
Page 922 and 923:
Page 924 and 925:
Page 926 and 927:
Page 928 and 929:
Page 930 and 931:
Page 932 and 933:
CHAPTER25Musculoskeletal Interventi
Page 934 and 935:
Page 936 and 937:
Page 938 and 939:
Page 940 and 941:
ABCDFIG. 25.15 Biceps Tendon Sheath
Page 942 and 943:
Page 944 and 945:
Page 946 and 947:
Page 948 and 949:
Page 950 and 951:
Page 952 and 953:
Page 954 and 955:
Page 956 and 957:
Page 958 and 959:
Page 960 and 961:
Page 962 and 963:
Page 964 and 965:
Page 966 and 967:
Page 968 and 969:
Page 970 and 971:
Page 972 and 973:
Page 974 and 975:
Page 976 and 977:
Page 978 and 979:
Page 980 and 981:
Page 982 and 983:
Page 984 and 985:
Page 986 and 987:
Page 988 and 989:
Page 990 and 991:
Page 992 and 993:
Page 994 and 995:
Page 996 and 997:
Page 998 and 999:
CHAPTER27Peripheral VesselsMark E.
Page 1000 and 1001:
Page 1002 and 1003:
Page 1004 and 1005:
Page 1006 and 1007:
Page 1008 and 1009:
Page 1010 and 1011:
Page 1012 and 1013:
Page 1014 and 1015:
Page 1016 and 1017:
Page 1018 and 1019:
Page 1020 and 1021:
ABFIG. 27.29 Chronic Deep Venous Th
Page 1022 and 1023:
Page 1024 and 1025:
Page 1026 and 1027:
Page 1028 and 1029:
Page 1030 and 1031:
Page 1032 and 1033:
Page 1034 and 1035:
1000 PART III Small Parts, Carotid
Page 1036 and 1037:
Page 1038 and 1039:
Page 1040 and 1041:
Page 1042 and 1043:
Page 1044 and 1045:
Page 1046 and 1047:
Page 1048 and 1049:
Page 1050 and 1051:
e2APPENDIXUltrasound Artifacts: A V
Page 1052 and 1053:
Page 1054 and 1055:
Page 1056 and 1057:
Page 1058 and 1059:
FIG. A.18 Comet-Tail Artifact. On c
Page 1060 and 1061:
e12APPENDIXUltrasound Artifacts: A
Page 1062 and 1063:
Page 1064 and 1065:
Page 1066 and 1067:
Page 1068 and 1069:
Page 1070 and 1071:
Page 1072 and 1073:
Page 1074 and 1075:
Page 1076 and 1077:
Page 1078 and 1079:
Page 1080 and 1081:
Page 1082 and 1083:
Page 1084 and 1085:
Page 1086 and 1087:
Page 1088 and 1089:
I-2 IndexAcetabulumdescription of,
Page 1090 and 1091:
I-4 IndexAnemiafetal, hydrops from,
Page 1092 and 1093:
I-6 IndexAttenuationcoeicient, 36of
Page 1094 and 1095:
I-8 IndexBlood low. See also Cerebr
Page 1096 and 1097:
I-10 IndexBreast(s) (Continued)thic
Page 1098 and 1099:
I-12 IndexCat-scratch disease, pedi
Page 1100 and 1101:
I-14 IndexChorion laeve, 1465-1466C
Page 1102 and 1103:
I-16 IndexContrast agents (Continue
Page 1104 and 1105:
I-18 IndexCyst(s) (Continued) Cyst(
Page 1106 and 1107:
I-20 IndexDoppler ultrasound (Conti
Page 1108 and 1109:
I-22 IndexEndocardial cushion(s), 1
Page 1110 and 1111:
I-24 IndexFibroma(s) (Continued)par
Page 1112 and 1113:
I-26 IndexGerminal epithelium, 565G
Page 1114 and 1115:
I-28 IndexHematoma(s) (Continued)pe
Page 1116 and 1117:
I-30 IndexHoloprosencephaly (HPE) (
Page 1118 and 1119:
I-32 IndexImplants, breast (Continu
Page 1120 and 1121:
I-34 IndexJaundice (Continued)bile
Page 1122 and 1123:
I-36 IndexLipomyelocele, closed spi
Page 1124 and 1125:
I-38 IndexMammary ductsnormal sonog
Page 1126 and 1127:
I-40 IndexMolar pregnancy. See Hyda
Page 1128 and 1129:
I-42 IndexNonrhizomelic chondrodysp
Page 1130 and 1131:
I-44 IndexPancreas (Continued)percu
Page 1132 and 1133:
I-46 IndexPeritoneum (Continued)tum
Page 1134 and 1135:
I-48 IndexPosterior fossa (Continue
Page 1136 and 1137:
I-50 IndexPyloric musclehypertrophy
Page 1138 and 1139:
I-52 IndexSample volume size, Doppl
Page 1140 and 1141:
I-54 IndexSpectral broadening, in D
Page 1142 and 1143:
I-56 IndexSuperoanteromedial ridge,
Page 1144 and 1145:
I-58 Indexhrombosis (Continued)of s
Page 1146 and 1147:
I-60 IndexTrisomy 18 (Edwards syndr
Page 1148 and 1149:
I-62 IndexUrinary tract, pediatric
Page 1150 and 1151:
I-64 IndexWalker-Warburg syndromeco
Page 1152 and 1153:
Page 1155 and 1156:
DIAGNOSTICULTRASOUND
Page 1157 and 1158:
DIAGNOSTICULTRASOUND5TH EDITIONCARO
Page 1159 and 1160:
ABOUT THE EDITORSCarol M. Rumack, M
Page 1161 and 1162:
ContributorsviiCONTRIBUTORSJacques
Page 1163 and 1164:
ContributorsixPeter M. Doubilet, MD
Page 1165 and 1166:
ContributorsxiAna P. Lourenco, MDAs
Page 1167 and 1168:
ContributorsxiiiWendy hurston, MDAs
Page 1169 and 1170:
In memory of my parents, Drs. Ruth
Page 1171 and 1172:
PrefacexviiPREFACEhe ith edition of
Page 1173 and 1174:
AcknowledgmentsxixACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe
Page 1175 and 1176:
ContentsxxiCONTENTSVOLUME IPART I P
Page 1177 and 1178:
Video ContentsxxiiiVIDEO CONTENTS4
Page 1179 and 1180:
Video Contentsxxv19 The Thyroid Gla
Page 1181 and 1182:
Video Contentsxxvii33 The Fetal Fac
Page 1183 and 1184:
Video Contentsxxix52 The Pediatric
Page 1185 and 1186:
DIAGNOSTICULTRASOUND
Page 1187 and 1188:
PART FOUR: Obstetric and Fetal Sono
Page 1189 and 1190:
CHAPTER 28 Overview of Obstetric Im
Page 1191 and 1192:
Page 1193 and 1194:
Page 1195 and 1196:
ABCDFIG. 28.9 Second-Trimester Biom
Page 1197 and 1198:
Page 1199 and 1200:
Page 1201 and 1202:
Page 1203 and 1204:
Page 1205 and 1206:
Page 1207 and 1208:
CHAPTER 29 Bioeffects and Safety of
Page 1209 and 1210:
Page 1211 and 1212:
Page 1213 and 1214:
Page 1215 and 1216:
Page 1217 and 1218:
Page 1219 and 1220:
Page 1221 and 1222:
CHAPTER 30 The First Trimester 1049
Page 1223 and 1224:
Page 1225 and 1226:
Page 1227 and 1228:
Page 1229 and 1230:
Page 1231 and 1232:
Page 1233 and 1234:
Page 1235 and 1236:
Page 1237 and 1238:
Page 1239 and 1240:
Page 1241 and 1242:
Page 1243 and 1244:
Page 1245 and 1246:
Page 1247 and 1248:
Page 1249 and 1250:
Page 1251 and 1252:
Page 1253 and 1254:
Page 1255 and 1256:
Page 1257 and 1258:
Page 1259 and 1260:
Page 1261 and 1262:
CHAPTER 31 Chromosomal Abnormalitie
Page 1263 and 1264:
Page 1265 and 1266:
Page 1267 and 1268:
Page 1269 and 1270:
Page 1271 and 1272:
Page 1273 and 1274:
Page 1275 and 1276:
Page 1277 and 1278:
ABCDFIG. 31.12 Sonographic Findings
Page 1279 and 1280:
Page 1281 and 1282:
Page 1283 and 1284:
Page 1285 and 1286:
Page 1287 and 1288:
CHAPTER32Multifetal PregnancyMary C
Page 1289 and 1290:
CHAPTER 32 Multifetal Pregnancy 111
Page 1291 and 1292:
Page 1293 and 1294:
ABFIG. 32.5 Sonographic Findings Se
Page 1295 and 1296:
Page 1297 and 1298:
Page 1299 and 1300:
Page 1301 and 1302:
Page 1303 and 1304:
Page 1305 and 1306:
CHAPTER33The Fetal Face and NeckAna
Page 1307 and 1308:
CHAPTER 33 The Fetal Face and Neck
Page 1309 and 1310:
Page 1311 and 1312:
Page 1313 and 1314:
Page 1315 and 1316:
Page 1317 and 1318:
ABCDFIG. 33.13 Hypertelorism With E
Page 1319 and 1320:
ABCDFIG. 33.16 Dacryocystocele. (A)
Page 1321 and 1322:
Page 1323 and 1324:
Page 1325 and 1326:
Page 1327 and 1328:
ABCDEFFIG. 33.24 Unilateral Complet
Page 1329 and 1330:
Page 1331 and 1332:
Page 1333 and 1334:
Page 1335 and 1336:
Page 1337 and 1338:
Page 1339 and 1340:
CHAPTER 34 The Fetal Brain 1167impo
Page 1341 and 1342:
CHAPTER 34 The Fetal Brain 1169cmAB
Page 1343 and 1344:
CingulatePOCalcarineAB21 wkCD25 wkI
Page 1345 and 1346:
CHAPTER 34 The Fetal Brain 1173FIG.
Page 1347 and 1348:
CHAPTER 34 The Fetal Brain 1175LTAR
Page 1349 and 1350:
CHAPTER 34 The Fetal Brain 1177CC12
Page 1351 and 1352:
CHAPTER 34 The Fetal Brain 1179SPEC
Page 1353 and 1354:
CHAPTER 34 The Fetal Brain 1181ABCD
Page 1355 and 1356:
CHAPTER 34 The Fetal Brain 1183asym
Page 1357 and 1358:
CHAPTER 34 The Fetal Brain 1185FIG.
Page 1359 and 1360:
CHAPTER 34 The Fetal Brain 1187Cere
Page 1361 and 1362:
CHAPTER 34 The Fetal Brain 1189loba
Page 1363 and 1364:
CHAPTER 34 The Fetal Brain 1191ABCF
Page 1365 and 1366:
CHAPTER 34 The Fetal Brain 1193ABCF
Page 1367 and 1368:
CHAPTER 34 The Fetal Brain 1195spor
Page 1369 and 1370:
ABCCCDEFFIG. 34.24 Type 2 Lissencep
Page 1371 and 1372:
CHAPTER 34 The Fetal Brain 1199ABFI
Page 1373 and 1374:
CHAPTER 34 The Fetal Brain 120120 w
Page 1375 and 1376:
CHAPTER 34 The Fetal Brain 1203Ultr
Page 1377 and 1378:
CHAPTER 34 The Fetal Brain 1205ABCD
Page 1379 and 1380:
VSSABHHPHCDEFFIG. 34.35 Intracrania
Page 1381 and 1382:
CHAPTER 34 The Fetal Brain 1209VABC
Page 1383 and 1384:
CHAPTER 34 The Fetal Brain 1211Huma
Page 1385 and 1386:
CHAPTER 34 The Fetal Brain 1213121.
Page 1387 and 1388:
CHAPTER 34 The Fetal Brain 1215221.
Page 1389 and 1390:
CHAPTER 35 The Fetal Spine 1217ABCF
Page 1391 and 1392:
CHAPTER 35 The Fetal Spine 1219L1S3
Page 1393 and 1394:
CHAPTER 35 The Fetal Spine 1221FTFT
Page 1395 and 1396:
CHAPTER 35 The Fetal Spine 1223FIG.
Page 1397 and 1398:
CHAPTER 35 The Fetal Spine 1225TABL
Page 1399 and 1400:
CHAPTER 35 The Fetal Spine 1227Feta
Page 1401 and 1402:
CHAPTER 35 The Fetal Spine 1229MMAB
Page 1403 and 1404:
ABCDEFFIG. 35.15 Skin-Covered Myelo
Page 1405 and 1406:
CHAPTER 35 The Fetal Spine 1233diic
Page 1407 and 1408:
CHAPTER 35 The Fetal Spine 1235CCSC
Page 1409 and 1410:
CHAPTER 35 The Fetal Spine 1237chon
Page 1411 and 1412:
CHAPTER 35 The Fetal Spine 1239BSCT
Page 1413 and 1414:
CHAPTER 35 The Fetal Spine 124162.
Page 1415 and 1416:
CHAPTER36The Fetal ChestDorothy Bul
Page 1417 and 1418:
CHAPTER 36 The Fetal Chest 1245seco
Page 1419 and 1420:
CHAPTER 36 The Fetal Chest 1247TABL
Page 1421 and 1422:
CHAPTER 36 The Fetal Chest 1249Left
Page 1423 and 1424:
CHAPTER 36 The Fetal Chest 12511ABC
Page 1425 and 1426:
CHAPTER 36 The Fetal Chest 1253ABCF
Page 1427 and 1428:
CHAPTER 36 The Fetal Chest 1255cent
Page 1429 and 1430:
CHAPTER 36 The Fetal Chest 1257Left
Page 1431 and 1432:
CHAPTER 36 The Fetal Chest 1259ABCD
Page 1433 and 1434:
CHAPTER 36 The Fetal Chest 1261RTLT
Page 1435 and 1436:
CHAPTER 36 The Fetal Chest 1263ARig
Page 1437 and 1438:
CHAPTER 36 The Fetal Chest 12659. B
Page 1439 and 1440:
CHAPTER 36 The Fetal Chest 1267107.
Page 1441 and 1442:
CHAPTER 36 The Fetal Chest 1269204.
Page 1443 and 1444:
CHAPTER 37 The Fetal Heart 1271TABL
Page 1445 and 1446:
CHAPTER 37 The Fetal Heart 1273TABL
Page 1447 and 1448:
CHAPTER 37 The Fetal Heart 1275Plac
Page 1449 and 1450:
CHAPTER 37 The Fetal Heart 1277ADop
Page 1451 and 1452:
CHAPTER 37 The Fetal Heart 1279LVRV
Page 1453 and 1454:
CHAPTER 37 The Fetal Heart 1281RARV
Page 1455 and 1456:
CHAPTER 37 The Fetal Heart 1283RARV
Page 1457 and 1458:
CHAPTER 37 The Fetal Heart 1285Norm
Page 1459 and 1460:
CHAPTER 37 The Fetal Heart 1287RVLV
Page 1461 and 1462:
CHAPTER 37 The Fetal Heart 1289RVTA
Page 1463 and 1464:
CHAPTER 37 The Fetal Heart 1291LVRA
Page 1465 and 1466:
CHAPTER 37 The Fetal Heart 1293Aspl
Page 1467 and 1468:
CHAPTER 37 The Fetal Heart 1295PLVL
Page 1469 and 1470:
CHAPTER 37 The Fetal Heart 1297HR-L
Page 1471 and 1472:
CHAPTER 37 The Fetal Heart 129951.
Page 1473 and 1474:
Page 1475 and 1476:
Page 1477 and 1478:
CHAPTER 38 The Fetal Gastrointestin
Page 1479 and 1480:
Page 1481 and 1482:
Page 1483 and 1484:
Page 1485 and 1486:
Page 1487 and 1488:
Page 1489 and 1490:
Page 1491 and 1492:
Page 1493 and 1494:
Page 1495 and 1496:
Page 1497 and 1498:
Page 1499 and 1500:
Page 1501 and 1502:
Page 1503 and 1504:
Page 1505 and 1506:
Page 1507 and 1508:
Page 1509 and 1510:
UrogenitalsinusMesonephrosMesonephr
Page 1511 and 1512:
CHAPTER 39 The Fetal Urogenital Tra
Page 1513 and 1514:
Page 1515 and 1516:
Page 1517 and 1518:
Page 1519 and 1520:
Page 1521 and 1522:
Page 1523 and 1524:
Page 1525 and 1526:
Page 1527 and 1528:
Page 1529 and 1530:
Page 1531 and 1532:
Page 1533 and 1534:
Page 1535 and 1536:
Page 1537 and 1538:
Page 1539 and 1540:
Page 1541 and 1542:
Page 1543 and 1544:
Page 1545 and 1546:
Page 1547 and 1548:
Page 1549 and 1550:
CHAPTER 40 The Fetal Musculoskeleta
Page 1551 and 1552:
Page 1553 and 1554:
Page 1555 and 1556:
Page 1557 and 1558:
Page 1559 and 1560:
Page 1561 and 1562:
Page 1563 and 1564:
Page 1565 and 1566:
Page 1567 and 1568:
Page 1569 and 1570:
Page 1571 and 1572:
Page 1573 and 1574:
Page 1575 and 1576:
Page 1577 and 1578:
Page 1579 and 1580:
Page 1581 and 1582:
Page 1583 and 1584:
Page 1585 and 1586:
CHAPTER 41 Fetal Hydrops 1413ABFIG.
Page 1587 and 1588:
ABCDFIG. 41.2 Ascites. (A) Fluid ou
Page 1589 and 1590:
CHAPTER 41 Fetal Hydrops 1417A B CD
Page 1591 and 1592:
Page 1593 and 1594:
Page 1595 and 1596:
CHAPTER 41 Fetal Hydrops 1423later
Page 1597 and 1598:
Page 1599 and 1600:
CHAPTER 41 Fetal Hydrops 1427CHABCH
Page 1601 and 1602:
CHAPTER 41 Fetal Hydrops 1429Monoch
Page 1603 and 1604:
CHAPTER 41 Fetal Hydrops 1431feedin
Page 1605 and 1606:
CHAPTER 41 Fetal Hydrops 1433TABLE
Page 1607 and 1608:
CHAPTER 41 Fetal Hydrops 1435sampli
Page 1609 and 1610:
CHAPTER 41 Fetal Hydrops 1437Predel
Page 1611 and 1612:
CHAPTER 41 Fetal Hydrops 143973. Ma
Page 1613 and 1614:
CHAPTER 41 Fetal Hydrops 1441169. I
Page 1615 and 1616:
CHAPTER42Fetal Measurements: Normal
Page 1617 and 1618:
CHAPTER 42 Fetal Measurements 1445F
Page 1619 and 1620:
CHAPTER 42 Fetal Measurements 1447T
Page 1621 and 1622:
Page 1623 and 1624:
CHAPTER 42 Fetal Measurements 1451p
Page 1625 and 1626:
CHAPTER 42 Fetal Measurements 1453d
Page 1627 and 1628:
CHAPTER 42 Fetal Measurements 1455A
Page 1629 and 1630:
Page 1631 and 1632:
CHAPTER 42 Fetal Measurements 1459A
Page 1633 and 1634:
CHAPTER 42 Fetal Measurements 14618
Page 1635 and 1636:
CHAPTER 42 Fetal Measurements 14631
Page 1637 and 1638:
CHAPTER43Sonographic Evaluation oft
Page 1639 and 1640:
CHAPTER 43 Sonographic Evaluation o
Page 1641 and 1642:
Page 1643 and 1644:
Page 1645 and 1646:
Page 1647 and 1648:
Page 1649 and 1650:
Page 1651 and 1652:
Page 1653 and 1654:
Page 1655 and 1656:
Page 1657 and 1658:
Page 1659 and 1660:
Page 1661 and 1662:
Page 1663 and 1664:
Page 1665 and 1666:
Page 1667 and 1668:
CHAPTER44Cervical Ultrasound and Pr
Page 1669 and 1670:
CHAPTER 44 Cervical Ultrasound and
Page 1671 and 1672:
Page 1673 and 1674:
Page 1675 and 1676:
Page 1677 and 1678:
Page 1679 and 1680:
Page 1681 and 1682:
Page 1683 and 1684:
PART FIVE: Pediatric SonographyCHAP
Page 1685 and 1686:
CHAPTER 45 Neonatal and Infant Brai
Page 1687 and 1688:
Page 1689 and 1690:
Page 1691 and 1692:
Page 1693 and 1694:
Page 1695 and 1696:
Page 1697 and 1698:
Page 1699 and 1700:
Page 1701 and 1702:
Page 1703 and 1704:
Page 1705 and 1706:
Page 1707 and 1708:
Page 1709 and 1710:
Page 1711 and 1712:
Page 1713 and 1714:
Page 1715 and 1716:
Page 1717 and 1718:
Page 1719 and 1720:
Page 1721 and 1722:
Page 1723 and 1724:
Page 1725 and 1726:
Page 1727 and 1728:
Page 1729 and 1730:
Page 1731 and 1732:
Page 1733 and 1734:
Page 1735 and 1736:
Page 1737 and 1738:
Page 1739 and 1740:
Page 1741 and 1742:
Page 1743 and 1744:
Page 1745 and 1746:
CHAPTER46Duplex Sonography of the N
Page 1747 and 1748:
CHAPTER 46 Duplex Sonography of the
Page 1749 and 1750:
Page 1751 and 1752:
Page 1753 and 1754:
Page 1755 and 1756:
Page 1757 and 1758:
Page 1759 and 1760:
Page 1761 and 1762:
Page 1763 and 1764:
CHAPTER47Doppler Sonography of the
Page 1765 and 1766:
CHAPTER 47 Doppler Sonography of th
Page 1767 and 1768:
Page 1769 and 1770:
Page 1771 and 1772:
Page 1773 and 1774:
Page 1775 and 1776:
Page 1777 and 1778:
Page 1779 and 1780:
Page 1781 and 1782:
Page 1783 and 1784:
Page 1785 and 1786:
Page 1787 and 1788:
Page 1789 and 1790:
Page 1791 and 1792:
Page 1793 and 1794:
Page 1795 and 1796:
Page 1797 and 1798:
Page 1799 and 1800:
Page 1801 and 1802:
CHAPTER 48 The Pediatric Head and N
Page 1803 and 1804:
Page 1805 and 1806:
Page 1807 and 1808:
Page 1809 and 1810:
Page 1811 and 1812:
Page 1813 and 1814:
Page 1815 and 1816:
Page 1817 and 1818:
Page 1819 and 1820:
Page 1821 and 1822:
Page 1823 and 1824:
Page 1825 and 1826:
Page 1827 and 1828:
Page 1829 and 1830:
Page 1831 and 1832:
Page 1833 and 1834:
Page 1835 and 1836:
Page 1837 and 1838:
Page 1839 and 1840:
Page 1841 and 1842:
Page 1843 and 1844:
Page 1845 and 1846:
CHAPTER 49 The Pediatric Spinal Can
Page 1847 and 1848:
Page 1849 and 1850:
Page 1851 and 1852:
Page 1853 and 1854:
Page 1855 and 1856:
Page 1857 and 1858:
Page 1859 and 1860:
Page 1861 and 1862:
Page 1863 and 1864:
Page 1865 and 1866:
RA B CDEFGFIG. 49.27 Neuroblastoma
Page 1867 and 1868:
Page 1869 and 1870:
Page 1871 and 1872:
Page 1873 and 1874:
CHAPTER50The Pediatric ChestChetan
Page 1875 and 1876:
CHAPTER 50 The Pediatric Chest 1703
Page 1877 and 1878:
Page 1879 and 1880:
Page 1881 and 1882:
Page 1883 and 1884:
Page 1885 and 1886:
Page 1887 and 1888:
Page 1889 and 1890:
Page 1891 and 1892:
Page 1893 and 1894:
Page 1895 and 1896:
Page 1897 and 1898:
Page 1899 and 1900:
Page 1901 and 1902:
Page 1903 and 1904:
CHAPTER 51 The Pediatric Liver and
Page 1905 and 1906:
Page 1907 and 1908:
Page 1909 and 1910:
Page 1911 and 1912:
Page 1913 and 1914:
Page 1915 and 1916:
Page 1917 and 1918:
Page 1919 and 1920:
Page 1921 and 1922:
Page 1923 and 1924:
Page 1925 and 1926:
Page 1927 and 1928:
Page 1929 and 1930:
Page 1931 and 1932:
Page 1933 and 1934:
Page 1935 and 1936:
Page 1937 and 1938:
Page 1939 and 1940:
Page 1941 and 1942:
Page 1943 and 1944:
ABCFIG. 51.39 Hepatosplenomegaly. W
Page 1945 and 1946:
Page 1947 and 1948:
CHAPTER52The Pediatric Urinary Trac
Page 1949 and 1950:
CHAPTER 52 The Pediatric Urinary Tr
Page 1951 and 1952:
TABLE 52.4 Mean Total Renal Volumes
Page 1953 and 1954:
Page 1955 and 1956:
Page 1957 and 1958:
Page 1959 and 1960:
Page 1961 and 1962:
Page 1963 and 1964:
Page 1965 and 1966:
Page 1967 and 1968:
Page 1969 and 1970:
Page 1971 and 1972:
Page 1973 and 1974:
Page 1975 and 1976:
Page 1977 and 1978:
Page 1979 and 1980:
Page 1981 and 1982:
Page 1983 and 1984:
Page 1985 and 1986:
Page 1987 and 1988:
Page 1989 and 1990:
Page 1991 and 1992:
Page 1993 and 1994:
Page 1995 and 1996:
Page 1997 and 1998:
Page 1999 and 2000:
Page 2001 and 2002:
Page 2003 and 2004:
Page 2005 and 2006:
CHAPTER53The Pediatric Gastrointest
Page 2007 and 2008:
CHAPTER 53 The Pediatric Gastrointe
Page 2009 and 2010:
Page 2011 and 2012:
Page 2013 and 2014:
Page 2015 and 2016:
Page 2017 and 2018:
Page 2019 and 2020:
Page 2021 and 2022:
Page 2023 and 2024:
Page 2025 and 2026:
Page 2027 and 2028:
Page 2029 and 2030:
Page 2031 and 2032:
Page 2033 and 2034:
Page 2035 and 2036:
Page 2037 and 2038:
Page 2039 and 2040:
Page 2041 and 2042:
Page 2043 and 2044:
CHAPTER 54 Pediatric Pelvic Sonogra
Page 2045 and 2046:
Page 2047 and 2048:
Page 2049 and 2050:
Page 2051 and 2052:
Page 2053 and 2054:
Page 2055 and 2056:
Page 2057 and 2058:
Page 2059 and 2060:
Page 2061 and 2062:
Page 2063 and 2064:
Page 2065 and 2066:
Page 2067 and 2068:
Page 2069 and 2070:
Page 2071 and 2072:
Page 2073 and 2074:
Page 2075 and 2076:
Page 2077 and 2078:
Page 2079 and 2080:
Page 2081 and 2082:
Page 2083 and 2084:
Page 2085 and 2086:
Page 2087 and 2088:
Page 2089 and 2090:
Page 2091 and 2092: CHAPTER 54 Pediatric Pelvic Sonogra
Page 2093 and 2094: CHAPTER 55 The Pediatric Hip and Ot
Page 2109 and 2110: ABCDFIG. 55.13 Normal and Dislocate
Page 2115 and 2116: CHAPTER 56 Pediatric Interventional
Page 2131 and 2132: ABCFIG. 56.15 Access for Drainage o
Page 2141: APPENDIXUltrasound Artifacts: A Vir
Page 2145 and 2146: APPENDIX Ultrasound Artifacts: A Vi
Page 2179 and 2180: IndexAAA anastomoses. See Arterial/
Page 2181 and 2182: Index I-3Adnexa (Continued)transvag
Page 2183 and 2184: Index I-5Arrays, transducer, 11-12A
Page 2185 and 2186: Index I-7Bioefects (Continued) Biop
Page 2187 and 2188: Index I-9Brain, neonatal/infant (Co
Page 2189 and 2190: Index I-11Carcinoma(s) (Continued)
Page 2191 and 2192: Index I-13Cervix (Continued)for sym
Page 2193 and 2194:
Index I-15Color Doppler ultrasound
Page 2195 and 2196:
Index I-17Cystic artery, 194promine
Page 2197 and 2198:
Index I-19Diabetes mellituschronic
Page 2199 and 2200:
Index I-21Echinococcal disease (Con
Page 2201 and 2202:
Index I-23Exudate ascites, 506-507E
Page 2203 and 2204:
Index I-25Gallbladder (Continued)ad
Page 2205 and 2206:
Index I-27Gyriabnormalities of, in
Page 2207 and 2208:
Index I-29Hernia(s). See also Diaph
Page 2209 and 2210:
Index I-31Hyperechoic tissue, in br
Page 2211 and 2212:
Index I-33Internal jugular vein (IJ
Page 2213 and 2214:
Index I-35Kidneys, pediatric (Conti
Page 2215 and 2216:
Index I-37Liver transplantation (Co
Page 2217 and 2218:
Index I-39Mesentery, small bowel, 5
Page 2219 and 2220:
Index I-41Nasal bone, fetal (Contin
Page 2221 and 2222:
Index I-43Orbits, fetal (Continued)
Page 2223 and 2224:
Index I-45Patau syndrome. See Triso
Page 2225 and 2226:
Index I-47Pleural efusionsfetal, 12
Page 2227 and 2228:
Index I-49Prostate (Continued)thera
Page 2229 and 2230:
Index I-51Renal transplantation (Co
Page 2231 and 2232:
Index I-53Shunt(s) (Continued) Skel
Page 2233 and 2234:
Index I-55Splenic vein (Continued)t
Page 2235 and 2236:
Index I-57Testis(es) (Continued)cys
Page 2237 and 2238:
Index I-59Transcranial Doppler (TCD
Page 2239 and 2240:
Index I-61Umbilical cord, 1481-1487
Page 2241 and 2242:
Index I-63Vein of Galen (Continued)
Page 2243 and 2244:
Page 2245 and 2246:
Page 2247 and 2248:
Page 2249:
Fast answers and trusted evidenceDr
show all

Diagnostic ultrasound ( PDFDrive )

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?