Diagnostic ultrasound ( PDFDrive )

Index I-63
Vein of Galen (Continued) Ventricle(s) (Continued) Vertebrobasilar insuiciency, symptoms of,
malformations of, neonatal/infant brain and,
1566, 1567f
Vein of Markowski, 1180
fetal brain and, 1204
Velamentous umbilical cord insertion, 1484–1485,
1486f
multifetal pregnancy and, 1119, 1122f
Velocardiofacial syndrome, clets of secondary
palate in, 1153
Velocity
arterial stenosis and, 969, 970f
diastolic, end, in assessing degree of carotid
stenosis, 930
in Doppler spectral analysis of carotid artery,
925
stroke and SCD indications with, 1605–1607
systolic
cerebral, factors changing, 1612t
peak, in determining carotid stenosis,
929–930
TCD sonography evaluation of, 1593,
1595–1596
time-averaged mean of maximum, 1593,
1605–1606
time-averaged peak, 1593
Velocity range, in obstetric Doppler sonography,
1036
Velocity ratios, in carotid artery stenosis
evaluation, 937
Venography
in IJV, 955–956
wedge hepatic, 1764
Veno-occlusive disease, hepatic, 103
Venous drainage, in pancreas transplantation,
672
Venous insuiciency
deep, causes of, 989, 990f
supericial, 981–982
Venous malformations, pediatric
of neck, 1657
of salivary gland, 1636
Venous occlusive disease, hepatic, small-vessel,
1762–1763
Venous venous (VV) anastomoses, 1125,
1125f
Ventilation, mechanical, in neonatal/infant brain,
1578, 1579f
Ventral hernias, 488–494
Ventral induction errors, fetal brain and,
1186–1203
arachnoid cysts as, 1192–1193, 1193f
in cerebellum, 1189–1192
Dandy-Walker malformation as, 1190, 1190f
HPE as, 1186–1189, 1187b, 1188f, 1189b
mega-cisterna magna as, 1192, 1193f
in posterior fossa, 1189–1192
rhombencephalosynapsis as, 1192
vermis hypoplasia or dysplasia as, 1190–1192,
1192f
Ventricle(s)
cardiac
double-outlet right, fetal, 1288–1289,
1289f
echogenic foci, signiicance of, 1294, 1294f
hypoplastic let, fetal, 1292
hypoplastic right, fetal, 1287, 1287f
neonatal/infant, let, dysfunction of,
intracranial RI and, 1576
cerebral, fetal, sonographic view of, 1024f
fourth
cisterna magna clot of, 1546f
trapped, in intraventricular hemorrhage,
1545–1547
lateral, neonatal/infant
coarctation of, 1566
in coronal imaging, 1513–1515, 1514f–1515f
in sagittal imaging, 1515–1517, 1517f
measurement technique for, 1174–1176, 1175f
medial wall of, separation of choroid from, in
VM evaluation, 1176, 1176f
persistent terminal, pediatric, 1685
third
in corpus callosum agenesis, 1528, 1531f
fetal, normal sonographic appearance of,
1168
Ventricular aneurysms, congenital, 1294
Ventricular diverticula, 1294
Ventricular septal defects (VSDs), 1270, 1281–
1284, 1283f–1284f
with spina biida, 1233
in trisomy 21, 1098f, 1101
Ventricular tachycardia, fetal, 1296
Ventriculitis
chemical, 1206
in intraventricular hemorrhage, 1545–1547
neonatal/infant brain and, 1560, 1563f
Ventriculoarterial discordance, in TGA, 1289
Ventriculomegaly (VM)
CDH and, 1263
conditions associated with, 1178b
fetal brain and, 1174–1178
hydrocephalus diferentiated from, 1611–1612
isolated, 1176
IUFD and, 1124f
marked, 1176, 1177f
measurement technique for, 1174–1176, 1175f
mild, 1176, 1177f
neonatal/infant hydranencephaly compared to,
1538f
pathogenesis of, 1177–1178
in rhombencephalosynapsis, 1192
in spina biida, 1184f, 1230–1232
in trisomy 21, 1098f
ultrasound evaluation of, 1177f, 1178
Ventriculus terminalis
formation of, 1673, 1673f
normal anatomy of, 1674, 1677f
Verma-Naumof syndrome, 1396
Vermian agenesis, 1190
Vermian dysplasia, Dandy-Walker malformation
diferentiated from, 1190
Vermis
abnormalities of, 1192
cerebellar, 1167, 1515, 1516f, 1524
dysplasia of, 1190–1192, 1192f
embryology of, 1167
hypoplasia of, 1190–1192, 1192f
inferior, arachnoid cysts diferentiated from,
1192–1193
hypoplasia/dysgenesis/agenesis of, 1190–1191
keyhole-shaped defect in, 1191–1192
neonatal/infant
in coronal imaging, 1514–1515, 1514f
development of, 1524
trapezoidal vermian defect in, 1191–1192
Vertebral artery, 950–955
anatomy of, 951, 951f
occlusion of, 954–955
stenosis of, 954–955, 955f
subclavian steal phenomenon and, 952–954,
953b, 953f–954f
subclavian steal with transient low reversal in,
979f
technique and normal examination of, 951–952,
951f–952f
Vertebral vein, 951f, 952
950–951
Vertical talus, congenital, 1932–1933, 1932f
Verumontanum, 382f–383f, 384
Vesicoamniotic shunts, for lower urinary tract
obstruction, 1363–1365, 1364f, 1365t
Vesicocentesis, 1363–1364
Vesicocolic istulas, 1310–1312
Vesicocutaneous istulas, 334
Vesicoenteric istulas, 334
Vesicourachal diverticulum, pediatric, 1775,
1791
Vesicoureteral istulas, 334
Vesicoureteral junction obstruction, fetal,
megaureters from, 1358–1359
Vesicoureteral relux (VUR), 1906–1907
fetal, 1360
nephropathy associated with, 327
pediatric, 1905
hydronephrosis and, 1788, 1790f
renal transplantation and, 1811
unilateral renal agenesis and, 1344
Vesicouterine istulas, 334
Vesicouterine pouch, 528
Vesicovaginal istulas, 334
Vessel stenosis, 25
VHL disease. See von Hippel-Lindau disease
Villi, in placental development, 1465–1466,
1466f
Villitis, thick placenta and, 1467f
Virus(es)
fetal, IUGR and, 1455
hepatitis, 83–85
pediatric infections from
cervical lymphadenopathy in, 1660
salivary gland, 1632, 1632f
Visceral heterotaxy, splenic abnormalities in,
159–160
Vitelline arteries and veins, 1057, 1059
Vitelline duct, 1057, 1059
VM. See Ventriculomegaly
VMCs. See Von Meyenburg complexes
Voltage, 7
Volume imaging, in obstetric sonography, 1030
Volumetric imaging, of liver, 75
Volvulus
of gallbladder, 201
midgut
intestinal malrotation with, 1841–1842,
1843f–1844f
“whirlpool” sign of, 1841–1842, 1843f
small bowel obstruction and, 1308
Vomer, deviation of, in clet palate, 1151
von Gierke disease, 1740f
von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease
epididymal cystadenomas and, 1904
pancreatic cysts and, 243, 244f
fetal, 1320
papillary cystadenoma with, 840–841
pediatric, renal cysts in, 1816
pheochromocytomas with, 1826, 1910–1912
renal cell carcinoma and, 340
renal cysts in, 364, 364f
von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, prenatal intracranial
tumors in, 1208
Von Meyenburg complexes (VMCs), 83, 83f–84f
VSDs. See Ventricular septal defects
VUR. See Vesicoureteral relux
VV anastomoses. See Venous venous anastomoses
W
WAGR syndrome, pediatric, 1818
“Waist sign”, 587–588
Waldeyer fossa, 566, 567f
Volume I pp 1–1014 • Volume II pp 1015–1968