Diagnostic ultrasound ( PDFDrive )

CHAPTER 52 The Pediatric Urinary Tract and Adrenal Glands 1797
A
B
C
D
FIG. 52.33 Inlammatory Pseudotumor in Patient With Hemorrhagic Cystitis Secondary to Cyclophosphamide Treatment. (A) and (B)
Transverse and longitudinal images demonstrate diffuse thickening and irregularity of the bladder wall (arrows) as well as multiple nonmobile,
echogenic lesions (arrowheads). (C) and (D) Transverse and longitudinal color Doppler images reveal hyperemia of both bladder wall and lesions.
Complete resolution of mural abnormalities documented on follow-up study performed 6 months later. See also Video 52.5.
TABLE 52.7 Kidney Disease Outcomes
Quality Initiative—Stages of Chronic Kidney
Disease
Stage Description GFR
(mL/min/1.73 m 2 )
1 Kidney damage with normal ≥90
or increased GFR
2 Kidney damage with mild 60-89
decrease in GFR
3 Moderate decrease in GFR 30-59
4 Severe decrease in GFR 15-29
5 Kidney failure <15 (or dialysis)
FIG. 52.34 Acute Kidney Injury in a 17-Year-Old Male Athlete
Who Became Severely Dehydrated After Intense Competition. Longitudinal
image of right kidney depicts increased cortical echogenicity,
greater than that of the adjacent liver (L).
GFR, Glomerular iltration rate.
With permission from VanDeVoorde RG, Warady BA. Management of
chronic kidney disease. In: Avner ED, editor. Pediatric nephrology. 6th
ed. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 2009. 242