Diagnostic ultrasound ( PDFDrive )

I-46 Index
Peritoneum (Continued)
tumors of, 510–514
carcinomatosis as, 510–511, 510f–515f
primary, 511–513, 515f–517f
pseudomyxoma peritonei as, 513–514, 518f
visceral, 504
Peritonitis
abscesses and, 517, 520f
chemical, 514
deinition of, 514
ibrinous, 509f
granulomatous, 514
Histoplasma, 520f
infective, 517, 519f
meconium
CF and, 1316
cystic, pediatric, 1842–1843, 1846f
hydrops from, 1428, 1428f
liver calciications and, 1316–1318
massive ascites in, 1418–1419, 1421f
small bowel and, 1313, 1313t, 1314f
primary, 517
sclerosing, 514, 521, 523f
tuberculous, 517–521, 522f
Peritrigonal blush, in sagittal imaging of neonatal/
infant brain, 1517
Periumbilical hernias, 492, 494f, 500f
Perivascular inlammation, in acute pancreatitis,
224–225, 226f–227f
Periventricular cysts, of neonatal/infant brain,
1566, 1566f
Periventricular hemorrhagic infarction, in infants,
1547
Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL)
cystic, 1551–1552, 1552f
from hypoxic-ischemic injury in premature
infant, 1541, 1550–1553, 1551f–1553f
IUFD and, 1124f
in neonatal/infant brain, 1541, 1550–1553,
1551f–1553f, 1566
Periventricular leukomalacia, IUFD and, 1124f
Periventricular nodular heterotopia, 1196, 1199f
Perlman syndrome
CDH and, 1263
hyperechogenic kidneys and, 1351
Peroneal arteries, 966
Peroneal tendons, posterior, injection of, 902, 903f
Peroneal veins, 981
Persistent terminal ventricle, pediatric, 1685
Persistent trophoblastic neoplasia (PTN), 1078,
1080–1084, 1082f
choriocarcinoma and, 1080–1082, 1083f
diagnosis and treatment of, 1083–1084
Doppler ultrasound for, 1083
ater hydatidiform molar pregnancy, 1080, 1081f
invasive mole, 1080, 1081f
PSTT and, 1082
sonographic features of, 1082–1083
Perthes disease, 1930
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, 544, 826
Pfeifer syndrome
bilateral complete clet lip/palate in, 1156f
craniosynostosis in, 1136–1138
hypertelorism with exorbitism in, 1145f
midface hypoplasia in, 1148
PFFD. See Proximal focal femoral deiciency
PHACES syndrome, pediatric, 1655
Phalanx, middle, hypoplasia of, in trisomy 21, 1101
Pharyngeal pouches, 1651
Phase aberration, 13
Phase inversion, 62–63
Phase modulation imaging, 64, 65f
Phased array transducers
beam steering in, 10–11, 11f
use and operation of, 12
Phenylketonuria, microcephaly from, 1194
Pheochromocytomas
adrenal, 421, 422f
pediatric, 1826–1827, 1827f
percutaneous needle biopsy of, 607
bladder, 356
deinition of, 1826
lower urinary tract, pediatric, 1910–1912
PHI. See Prostate Health Index
Phlebectasia, IJV, 1658, 1660f
Phleboliths, in venous malformations of neck, 1657
Phlegmonous change, in Crohn’s disease, 274–275,
277f
Phocomelia, deinition of, 1399
Phrygian cap, 194
Physics of ultrasound, 1. See also Acoustics;
Doppler ultrasound; Instrumentation
acoustics in, 2–7
Doppler ultrasound in, 21–30
HIFU in, 31–33, 33f
image display and storage in, 12–13
image quality in, 16–19
imaging pitfalls in, 19–21
instrumentation in, 7–12, 24–25, 25b, 25f–26f
operating modes and clinical implications in,
30–31
special imaging modes in, 13–16
Phytobezoars, 300
PI. See Pulsatility index
PICC. See Peripherally inserted central catheter
Picture archiving and communications system
(PACS), 12–13
PID. See Pelvic inlammatory disease
Pierre-Robin sequence
campomelic dysplasia and, 1395
clets of secondary palate in, 1153
micrognathia with, 1153, 1158f
Piezoelectricity, 7
Pilomatricoma, pediatric, neck and, 1664, 1664f
Pineal cyst, cavum veli interpositi cysts
diferentiated from, 1170
Pinworms, 1853
Pituitary gland, in menstrual cycle, 1050f
PKD1 gene, mutation in, in ADPKD, 1350
PKD2 gene, mutation in, in ADPKD, 1350
PKHD1 gene, mutation in, in ARPKD, 1348–1350
Placenta
abruption of, 1471–1473, 1474f–1475f
fetal hydrops and, 1436
pediatric pregnancy and, 1884
accessory lobes of, 1480–1481, 1481f
battledore, 1484
bilobed, 1481, 1482f
circumvallate, 1479–1480, 1480f–1481f
cysts of, subchorionic, 1474, 1477f
development of, 1465–1469, 1466f
hydropic degeneration of, 1078
infarctions of, 1466, 1473–1474, 1476f–1477f
insertion of umbilical cord into, 1484, 1485f
low, 1469, 1470f
marginal sinus of, 1466, 1467f
masses of, 1474–1476
chorioangioma as, 1476, 1478f–1479f
malignant, 1476
mesenchymal dysplasia of, 1479, 1479f
in molar gestations, 1479, 1480f
morphologic abnormalities of, 1479–1481
in multifetal pregnancy, chorionicity and, 1119,
1120f
position of, sonographic determination of, 1469,
1470f
postpartum, 1487–1489, 1490f
RPOC and, 1487–1489, 1490f
size of, 1466–1467, 1467f–1468f
sonographic appearance of, 1466, 1467f
subamniotic hematomas of, 1474
subchorionic hematomas of, 1474
Placenta (Continued)
succenturiate lobes of, 1480–1481, 1481f
thickness of, 1466, 1467f
in third stage of labor, 1487
vascularity of, 1468f
Doppler ultrasound and, 1467–1469
vascularization of, 1052–1053
volume of
in irst trimester, in early pregnancy
evaluation, 1466–1467
second trimester, assessment of, 1466,
1468f
Placenta accreta, 1470–1471, 1472f–1473f
Placenta increta, 1470–1471
Placenta percreta, 1470–1471, 1473f
Placenta previa, 1469–1470
complete, 1469, 1470f
marginal, 1469, 1470f
placenta accreta with, 1471
Placental bed, subinvolution of, 556
Placental cord insertion, multifetal pregnancy and,
1119, 1122f
Placental lakes, 1466, 1467f
Placental shelf, 1479–1480
Placental villi, hydropic degeneration of, 1078,
1080f
Placental volume quotient, 1466–1467
Placental-site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT),
530–531, 1082
Placentation, multifetal pregnancy and, 1115–1116,
1116f
Placentomegaly, fetal, hydrops and, 1418, 1420f
Placodes
nasal, 1134
spinal dysraphism and, pediatric, 1680
Plagiocephalic heads, 1136–1138
Plane-wave contrast imaging, 64
Plantar fasciitis, injection for, 902, 904f
Plaque(s)
in atherosclerosis, 433
carotid
atheromatous, 919
atherosclerotic rupture of, 919–920
calciied, 920–921, 921f
carotid artery dissection and, 946
characterization of, 919–922, 920f–922f, 922b
heterogenous, 920–921, 922f
homogenous, 920–921, 920f–921f, 936–937,
938f
intraplaque hemorrhage and, 920–921
morphology of, ultrasound types of, 921, 922b
nonstenotic, 936–937, 938f
qualitative assessment of, in carotid stenosis,
924
tandem, in carotid stenosis, 923–924
types 1-4, 921, 922b
ulceration of, 923, 923b, 923f–924f
vulnerable, identiication of, treatment
decisions and, 943
Plasma protein A, pregnancy-associated,
1089–1090
Plasmacytoma, 827–829
Platelet-rich plasma, intratendinous injection of,
909–910
Platyspondyly
in skeletal dysplasias, 1382
in thanatophoric dysplasia, 1388–1389, 1390f
Plavix (clopidogrel), 598
PLCO (Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian
Cancer Screening Trial), 397
Pleomorphic adenomas, salivary gland, pediatric,
1636–1638, 1638f
Pleural disease, pediatric, pulmonary disease
diferentiated from, sonography in, 1709,
1710f
Pleural drainage, fetal, hydrops from, 1426–1427