Diagnostic ultrasound ( PDFDrive )

I-6 Index
Attenuation
coeicient, 36
of sound energy, 5–7, 7f, 35
Atypical hips, pediatric, 1932, 1933f
Auditory response, in obstetric sonography, 1038
Auricular hillocks, 1134
Autoimmune cholangiopathy, 182
Autoimmune cholangitis, 182
Autoimmune pancreatitis, 236, 237f
Autoimmune vasculitis, Henoch-Schönlein
purpura and, 1853
Automated whole-breast ultrasound (ABUS),
760
Autopsy, in hydrops diagnosis, 1435
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
(ADPKD), 83, 243, 361, 362f, 1346,
1348–1350, 1349f–1350f
pediatric, 1814–1815, 1815f
Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease
(ARPKD), 359, 361f, 1799
pediatric, 1812–1813, 1814f
AV anastomoses. See Arterial venous
anastomoses
A-V canal. See Atrioventricular canal
A-V canal defects, 1284
AVB. See Atrioventricular block
AVFs. See Arteriovenous istulas
AVMs. See Arteriovenous malformations
AVSD. See Atrioventricular septal defect
Axial resolution, 16–19, 18f
Axillary artery, 975
Axillary vein, 990–991, 990f
Azimuth planes, 12f
Azimuth resolution, 19, 19f
Azoospermia, prostate and, 393
Azzopardi tumors, 824–825
B
Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), 390, 390f
Backscatter, 3–4
CEUS increasing, 107, 111f
Doppler ultrasound and, 21–22, 23f, 35
Bacteria
pediatric infections from
cervical lymphadenopathy in, 1660–1663
parotid gland, 1632–1633, 1632f
thyroid, 1643–1645, 1645f
pyogenic, liver abscesses from, 85–86, 87f
pediatric, 1746–1747, 1751f
Bacterial epididymitis, 841, 843f
Baker cyst(s)
injection for, 907–909, 908f
ruptured, 870, 870f
ultrasound techniques for, 870, 870f
Ballottement, compression and, 768
Banana sign, in Chiari II malformation, 1183–
1185, 1184f
spina biida screening and, 1221, 1228,
1230–1232
Band, of frequencies, 7
Band heterotopia, 1196
Bandwidth, 7–8
Barbotage, 909
Bardet-Biedl syndrome, hyperechogenic kidneys
in, 1351
Bare area
of liver, 77
sign, as pleural luid sonographic sign, 1709,
1709f
Barlow test
with adduction, in dynamic examination
in coronal/lexion view, 1927
in transverse/lexion view, 1927
in determining hip stability, 1923
Basal cell nevus syndrome, 585
rhabdomyosarcoma associated with, 1908
Basal ganglia
fetal, normal sonographic appearance of, 1168
vasculopathy, neonatal/infant brain and,
1556–1557
Basilar artery, 951
Basilic vein, anatomy of, 990–991, 990f
Bat wing coniguration, in Chiari II malformation,
1526, 1527f
Battledore placenta, 1484
B-cell lymphoma, AKI and, 1796
BCG. See Bacille Calmette-Guérin
“Beads on a string” sign, 587–588
Beam steering, 10–11, 11f
Beam width, 35
Beare-Stevenson syndrome, craniosynostosis in,
1136–1138
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
adrenocortical neoplasms and, 1827
CDH and, 1263
fetal
hepatomegaly and, 1316
omphalocele and, 1325, 1327f
pancreatic cysts and, 1320
hepatoblastomas and, 1746
macroglossia in, 1153
megalencephaly associated with, 1194–1195
mesenchymal dysplasia of placenta in, 1479,
1479f
nesidioblastosis and, 1865
neuroblastoma with, pediatric, 1825
Wilms tumor screening with, 1818
Beemer-Langer syndrome, 1396
Behavioral changes, obstetric sonography and,
1040–1041
Bell-clapper deformity, 844, 844f
pediatric, 1325
Benign ductal ectasia, prostate and, 387, 388f
Benign follicular adenoma, 697
Benign mixed-cell tumors, 1638
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), 384,
385f–386f, 387–388
Bent-limb dysplasia, 1395
Beta angle, in hip joint classiication, 1924,
1924f–1925f
β-hCG. See Human chorionic gonadotropin
Bezoars
of gastrointestinal tract, 300
pediatric, 1840, 1841f
Biceps tendon, 878–879
dislocation of, 893
injection of, 904–905, 905f–906f
long head of, 879, 880f–881f
longitudinal split tear of, 893, 894f
pathology of, 892–893
tenosynovitis and, 892–893, 893f
ultrasound evaluation of, 880, 881f
Bicornuate uterus, 534, 536f–537f, 538, 1881,
1881f
Biid lamina, 1688
Biid scrotum, fetal, 1367
Bilateral hernias, 1262
Bile
calcium, milk of, 194, 195f
low
extrahepatic obstruction to, 1734
stasis of, stone formation and, 1741
leakage of, ater liver transplantation, 627–629,
629f
limey, 194, 195f
Bile duct(s)
aberrant, 167, 168f
dilation of, in Caroli disease, 1736–1737, 1736f
drainage of, 614–615
interlobular, paucity of, jaundice from, 1737
ischemia of, from post-liver transplant hepatic
artery thrombosis, 628f
Bile duct(s) (Continued)
necrosis of, post-liver transplantation, bile leaks
from, 627
normal, 166–168, 166f
spontaneous rupture of, neonatal jaundice
caused by, 1734, 1737
strictures in, ater liver transplantation, 626–627,
627f–628f
Biliary atresia
extrahepatic, 1319
neonatal jaundice and, 1734–1735, 1737, 1738f
Biliary cirrhosis, 92–93, 182
pediatric, 1741
Biliary cystadenomas, 82, 83f
Biliary hamartomas, 83, 83f–84f
Biliary rhabdomyosarcoma, in pediatric liver, 1746,
1749f
Biliary sludge
acute pancreatitis and, 221
complicating liver transplantation, 629, 631f
gallbladder and, 194–195, 196f
Biliary system, fetal, 1318–1319
Biliary tree, 166–188. See also Cholangiocarcinoma
anatomy of, 166–168
ascariasis and, 181
autoimmune cholangitis and, 182
branching pattern of, 167, 167f
Caroli disease of, 171, 171f
cholangiocarcinoma and, 184–188
choledochal cysts of, 168–170, 169f–170f
choledocholithiasis in, 172–173, 182
common bile duct stones and, 173–174,
173f
intrahepatic, 173, 173f
cirrhosis and, 182
clonorchiasis and, 178–179, 179f
dilation of, in acute cholangitis, 176
fascioliasis and, 176–178, 177f–178f
harmonic imaging of, 168, 169f
hemobilia and, 174, 175f
HIV cholangiopathy and, 181–182, 181f
immune-related diseases of, 182–184
infection of, 176–182
liver lukes and, 176–179, 177f–179f
ater liver transplantation
complications involving, 625–629, 1767–1768,
1769f–1770f
normal appearance of, 625
strictures in, 626–627, 627f–628f
metastases to, 188, 192f
Mirizzi syndrome and, 174, 174f
obstruction of
acute cholangitis and, 176, 177f
causes of, 172b
overview of, 171–172, 172f
opisthorchiasis and, 178–179
pneumobilia and, 175–176, 176f
primary sclerosing cholangitis and, 182, 183f,
184
recurrent pyogenic cholangitis and, 179–181,
180f
sonographic technique for, 168, 169f
trauma to, hemobilia from, 174, 175f
variants of normal, 166–168
Bilobed placenta, 1481, 1482f
Bilobed testis, 1891
Biloma, ater liver transplantation, 638
Bioefects. See also Acoustic cavitation; hermal
index
acoustic cavitation and, 40–46
AIUM on
of diagnostic ultrasound with gas body
contrast agents, 43, 44b
in gas bodies, 45–46, 46b
safety statements of, general, 47, 47b
thermal, 40, 40b–41b