Diagnostic ultrasound ( PDFDrive )

Index I-25
Gallbladder (Continued)
adenomas of, 203–204, 205f
adenomyomas of, 202–204, 204f–205f
adenomyomatosis of, 202, 203f–205f
agenesis of, 190–194
anatomy of, 188–194, 193f
aspiration of, 614, 616f
biliary sludge and, 194–195, 196f
calciication of, 202, 202f
carcinoma of, 206–207, 206f
drainage of, 613–614, 616f
duplication of, 194
fetal, 1318–1319, 1319f
choledochal cysts and, 1319, 1320f
enlarged, 1318
gallstones and, 1319, 1320f
nonvisualization of, 1318–1319
gallstone disease of, 194, 195f
hepatization of, 195
hourglass, 202, 205f
intrahepatic, 188–190, 193f
malignancies of, 204–206
milk of calcium bile and, 194, 195f
pediatric, wall thickening in, 1741
perforation of, 198f, 200
polyps of, 203–206, 203b
cholesterol, 203, 205f
inlammatory, 203–204, 205f
porcelain, 202, 202f
small, in biliary atresia, 1737, 1738f
sonographic nonvisualization of, causes of,
190–194, 194b
sonographic technique for, 194
variants of, normal, 188–194
volvulus of, 201
wall thickening in
causes of, 198, 199f, 200b
in children, 1741
hyperemia in, in acute cholecystitis, 197f,
198–199
sympathetic, 199–200, 201f
Gallstone disease, 194, 195f
Gallstones
acute pancreatitis and, 221
fetal, 1319, 1320f
pediatric, 1741, 1743f
diseases associated with, 1741b
Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP), 1318
Gamna-Gandy bodies, in spleen, 157
Ganglion
cysts
injection for, 907–909, 909f
ultrasound techniques for, 869–870, 869f
subacromial-subdeltoid bursa thickening with,
889–891, 892f
Ganglioneuroblastoma, pediatric, 1825
Ganglioneuromas, adrenal, 427–428
benign, pediatric, 1825
Gangrene, Fournier, 846–847
Gangrenous appendix, pediatric, 1857, 1861f
Gangrenous cholecystitis, 198f, 200
Gartner cyst, pediatric, 1883–1884
Gas, free intraperitoneal, in acute abdomen,
277–281, 282f
Gas bubbles, free, as blood pool contrast agents, 55
Gastric diaphragm, pediatric, 1839, 1840f
Gastric ulcers, pediatric, 1839–1840, 1840f
Gastric vein, let, pediatric
Doppler studies of, best approach for, 1752
low direction of, in portal hypertension, 1752,
1757
in intrahepatic portal hypertension, 1761
Gastritis, pediatric, 1839–1840, 1840f
Gastrocolic trunk, pancreatic head and, 212
Gastroduodenal artery, pancreatic head and,
211–212, 213f
Gastroesophageal relux, sonographic detection,
1834, 1834f
Gastrointestinal tract. See also Acute abdomen;
Crohn disease
acute abdomen and, 277–290
anatomy of, 257–261
CF and, 300
Crohn disease and, 266–269
endosonography of, 300–307
for anal canal, 302–307, 304f–307f, 306b
for rectum, 301–302, 301f–304f
for upper gastrointestinal tract, 300–301
gut edema and, 295, 297f
gut signature and, 257, 257f–259f, 257t
infections of, 295–300
AIDS patients and, 296
bezoars and, 300
celiac disease and, 300
congenital cysts and, 297, 298f
hematomas and, 299
intraluminal foreign bodies and, 300
ischemic bowel disease and, 297
mucocele of appendix and, 299, 299f
peptic ulcer and, 299, 300f
pneumatosis intestinalis and, 297–299, 299f
pseudomembranous colitis and, 296–297, 298f
layers of, 257, 257f–258f
masses of, 592
mechanical bowel obstruction and, 293
neoplasms of, 261–266
adenocarcinoma as, 261–264, 263f–264f
lymphoma as, 264–266, 266f
metastases as, 266, 267f
stromal tumors as, 264, 265f
paralytic ileus and, 294f, 295
pediatric
cysts of, 1860–1862, 1863f–1864f
duplication cysts of, 1860, 1863f, 1875
neoplasms of, 1860–1862, 1864f
sonographic technique for, 257–261, 262f
Gastrointestinal tract, fetal, 1304–1322. See also
speciic organs
anomalies of, hydrops from, 1427–1428, 1428f
Gastroschisis
fetal, 1322–1325
associated conditions of, 1324–1325
epidemiology of, 1322–1323
management of, 1325
pathogenesis of, 1323
prenatal diagnosis of, 1323–1324, 1324f
maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein elevation in,
1228
Gastrulation, 1053
disorders of, 1686–1689
in spine embryology, 1672
Gaucher disease, spleen and, 157, 158f
Gel cysts, 779, 781f
Gender
fetal, identiication of, 1367, 1367f
in multifetal pregnancy, chorionicity and, 1119
pediatric kidney length according to, 1776–1778,
1778t
pediatric kidney volume according to,
1776–1778, 1778t
TCD sonography velocity evaluation and, 1595
Genetic amniocentesis, 1108–1109, 1108f
Genetic disorders, fetal hydrops from, 1432
Genital tract, fetal, 1366–1369
abnormal, 1367–1368, 1368f
hydrocolpos and, 1368
normal, 1366–1367, 1366f–1367f
ovarian cysts and, 1369, 1369f
Genitalia, fetal
abnormal, 1367–1368, 1368f
ambiguous, 1365, 1368f
normal, 1366–1367, 1366f–1367f
Genitourinary tract. See also Bladder; Kidney(s);
Renal artery(ies); Renal cell carcinoma;
Renal vein(s); Transitional cell
carcinoma; Ureter; Urethra; Urinary tract
abnormalities of, in Miller-Dieker syndrome,
1195
anatomy of, 311–314
bladder diverticula and, 374, 374f
congenital anomalies of, 317–323
bladder development and, 322
kidney ascent and, 318
kidney growth and, 317–318
ureteral bud and, 318–321
urethral development and, 323, 323f
vascular development and, 321–322
duplex collecting system and, 319, 320f
embryology of, 311
infections of, 323–333
AIDS and, 331–333, 332f–333f
alkaline-encrusted pyelitis as, 324–325
Candida albicans as, 330–331, 331f
cystitis as, 333
echinococcal disease as, 331, 332f
fungal, 330–331
papillary necrosis as, 328–329, 329b, 329f
parasitic, 331
pyelonephritis as, 323–328
pyonephrosis as, 325, 326f
schistosomiasis as, 331
tuberculosis as, 329–330, 330f
medical diseases of, 369–372
acute cortical necrosis as, 370, 372f
acute interstitial nephritis as, 370
acute tubular necrosis as, 370
amyloidosis as, 372
diabetes mellitus as, 372
endometriosis as, 372, 372f
glomerulonephritis as, 370, 371f
interstitial cystitis as, 372, 373f
neurogenic bladder and, 372–374, 373f
obstruction of
hydronephrosis and, 316, 317b
pitfalls in assessment of, 317
postsurgical evaluation of, 374–375
sonographic technique for, 314–315
stones in, 334–340
trauma to, 365–366
tumors of, 340–356
adenocarcinoma as, 348
angiomyolipoma as, 351–352, 351f–352f
leukemia as, 353–354
lymphoma as, 352–353
metastases as, 354–355
oncocytoma as, 348–351
rare, 355–356
renal cell carcinoma as, 340–344
squamous cell carcinoma as, 348
transitional cell carcinoma as, 346–348
urachal adenocarcinomas as, 355
vascular abnormalities of, 366–369
AVF and malformation as, 366–367, 366f
renal vascular Doppler ultrasound and, 366
Germ cell tumors
ovarian, 582–585
pediatric, 1879
testicular, 822–825, 822b
mixed, 822–823, 825f
nonseminomatous, 823–824, 825f
regressed, 824–825, 825f–826f
thymus, 1723–1724
Volume I pp 1–1014 • Volume II pp 1015–1968