Diagnostic ultrasound ( PDFDrive )

A
B
C
D
FIG. 28.9 Second-Trimester Biometry. (A) Biparietal diameter. Note the level of this ultrasound image at the thalamus and third ventricle.
The calipers are placed from the outer skull in the near ield to the inner skull in the far ield. (B) Head circumference. Note how circumference
is measured around the outside of the skull. Arrow depicts cavum of the septum pellucidum. (C) Abdominal circumference (AC). Note the curve
of the portal vein and stomach on this transverse image, with circumference drawn around the outside of the skin. (D) Femur length (FL). Note
that the “upside” femur should be measured, with the shaft of the bone as near to perpendicular to the scan plane as possible, excluding the
distal femoral epiphysis.
Indications for Detailed Fetal Anatomic Survey
Previous fetus or child with a congenital, genetic, or
chromosomal abnormality
Known or suspected fetal anomaly or known growth
disorder in the current pregnancy
Fetus at increased risk for a congenital anomaly, such as
maternal diabetes, pregnancy conceived via assisted
reproductive technology, high maternal body mass index
(≥35 kg/m 2 ), multiple gestation, abnormal screening
results, teratogen exposure
Fetus at increased risk for a genetic or chromosomal
abnormality, such as parental carrier of a chromosomal or
genetic abnormality, maternal age 35 years or older at
delivery, abnormal screening results
Other conditions affecting the fetus, including congenital
infections, maternal drug dependence, isoimmunization,
abnormalities of amniotic luid
Modiied from Wax J, Minkoff H, Johnson A, et al. Consensus report on the detailed fetal anatomic ultrasound examination: indications,
components, and qualiications. J Ultrasound Med. 2014;33(2):189-195. 14