Diagnostic ultrasound ( PDFDrive )

I-36 Index
Lipomyelocele, closed spinal dysraphism and,
pediatric, 1682, 1684f
Lipomyelomeningoceles
closed spinal dysraphism and, pediatric, 1682,
1685f
spine embryology and diferentiation of, 1674
Liposarcomas, scrotal, 840f, 841
Lips, fetal, normal sonographic appearance of,
1135f. See also Clet lip/palate
Lissencephaly
classical (type 1), 1195, 1196f
cobblestone (type 2), 1195, 1197f
fetal, 1195–1196, 1196f–1197f
neonatal/infant, 1537
Lithium nephropathy, 361, 363f
Lithium therapy, long-term, primary
hyperparathyroidism and, 734
Lithotripters, acoustic cavitation evidence from,
42–43, 42f
Littoral cell angioma, splenic, 153–156, 156f
Liver
abscesses of
drainage of pyogenic, 612–613, 614f–615f
ater liver transplantation, 638–639, 646f
from pyogenic bacteria, 85–86, 87f
agenesis of, 80
anatomy of
Couinaud, 76–77, 77t, 78f
echogenicity of, 80, 81f
hepatic venous, 76, 76f, 77t
ligaments, 77, 79f–80f
normal, 75–80, 75f–76f, 77t
size of, 80
anomalies of
congenital, 82–83
developmental, 80–82
vascular, 80–82
bare area of, 77
benign neoplasms of, 108–118
adenoma as, 115–117, 116f–118f
angiomyolipomas as, 117–118, 119f
cavernous hemangioma as, 108–112,
112f–113f, 603–604, 604f
FNH as, 112–115, 114f–115f
lipomas as, 117–118, 119f
biopsy of
percutaneous, 132–133
percutaneous needle, 603–604, 603f–604f
circulation in, 78–80
hepatic artery and, 78
hepatic veins and, 80
portal veins and, 78
cirrhosis of, 92–96
Doppler ultrasound characteristics of, 95, 95f
HCC and, 122, 122t
intrahepatic portal hypertension from, 96
morphologic patterns of, 92–95, 94f
pseudocirrhosis of, 125–128, 129f
sonographic features of, 95b
SWE and, 95–96
cysts of, 82, 82f–83f
autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
and, 83
percutaneous management of, 618
peribiliary, 82–83
fatty, 91–92, 92f–93f
fetal, 1316–1318
calciications of, 1316–1318, 1317f, 1318b
cysts and, 1318, 1318f
hemangioma of, 1319f
hepatomegaly and, 1316, 1317f
ibrosis of, periportal, Caroli disease with, 171
issures of, 75–76
accessory, 80, 81f
luid collection in, ater transplantation,
638–639, 645f–646f
Liver (Continued)
glycogen storage disease afecting, 92
herniation of, 80
infectious diseases of, 83–91
bacterial, 85–86, 87f
fungal, 86–87, 88f
parasitic, 87–90, 89f–90f
Pneumocystis carinii and opportunistic, 91,
91f
viral hepatitis, 83–85
intraoperative ultrasound for, 133
in Kaposi sarcoma, 129
lobes of, 75–76, 75f–76f
lymphoma of, 125, 129f
malignant neoplasms of, 118–124
EHE as, 123–124
HCC as, 118–123, 120f–121f, 122t, 123f
hemangiosarcoma as, 123
masses of, 105–107
characterization of, 105–106, 106f–107f, 108t,
109f–110f
detection of, 106–107, 111f
microbubble contrast agents in
characterization of, 105–106, 106f–107f,
108t, 109f–110f
neoplasms in, 107–129
metabolic disorders of, 91–96
metastatic disease of, 124–129, 126f–130f
portosystemic shunts and, 130–132
transjugular intrahepatic, 131–132, 132b,
132f–133f
scalloping of, in pseudomyxoma peritonei, 514,
518f
schistosomiasis of, 90
situs inversus totalis of, 80
sonographic technique for, 75, 75f
trauma to, 129–132, 131f
vascular abnormalities in, 96–104
Budd-Chiari syndrome as, 98–103, 100f–103f
hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm as, 104
hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia as,
104
intrahepatic portosystemic venous shunts as,
104
peliosis hepatis as, 104, 104f
portal hypertension as, 96–98, 96f–97f
portal vein aneurysms as, 103–104
portal vein thrombosis as, 98, 99f–100f
veno-occlusive disease of, 103
volumetric imaging of, 75
as window to pleural space, 1702, 1707f
Liver, pediatric. See also Jaundice, neonatal; Liver
transplantation, pediatric; Portal
hypertension, pediatric
abscess of, 1746–1748, 1751f
parasitic, 1747–1748
pyogenic, 1746–1747, 1751f
adenomas of, 1746
inborn errors of metabolism and, 1738
anatomy of, 1730–1734
hepatic vein, 1733–1734, 1734f
portal vein, 1731–1734, 1732f
segmental, external, 1730–1731, 1731f
biliary rhabdomyosarcoma in, 1746, 1749f
biopsy of, targeted, 1962f
cholelithiasis and, 1741, 1741b, 1743f
cirrhosis and, 1741, 1742f
congenital ibrosis of, prehepatic portal
hypertension from, 1757–1759, 1762f
Doppler assessment of, 1748–1764
basic principles of, 1748–1750
of normal low patterns in splanchnic vessels,
1750
for portal hypertension, 1752–1754,
1754f–1755f
possibilities and pitfalls of, 1750
Liver, pediatric (Continued)
sonographic technique for, 1750–1752
surgical portosystemic shunts and, 1764
Echinococcosis in, 1748
fatty degeneration/iniltration of, 1740, 1740f
FNH and, 1746
granulomas of, 1748
HCC of, 1746
hemangiomas and, 1742–1743, 1744f
hepatoblastomas of, 1746, 1747f
infantile hemangioendotheliomas and,
1743–1744, 1745f
jaundice and, 1734–1740
let lobe of, 1731–1733
masses in, 1743b
mesenchymal hamartomas and, 1744
metastases to, 1746, 1750f
quadrate lobe of, 1731–1733
right lobe of, 1733, 1733f
schistosomiasis in, 1748
steatosis and, 1740, 1740f, 1741b
SWE and, 1764, 1765f
tumor angiogenesis detection in, 1746
tumors of, 1741–1746
benign, 1742–1746
identiication of, 1741–1742
malignant, 1746
undiferentiated embryonal sarcoma and, 1746,
1748f
Liver lukes, biliary tree and, 176–179, 177f–179f
Liver transplantation, 624–641
abscess ater, 638–639, 646f
adrenal hemorrhage ater, 638, 645f
arterial complications of, 629–635
celiac artery stenosis as, 634–635, 637f
hepatic artery pseudoaneurysms as, 634, 636f
hepatic artery resistive index elevation as,
634
hepatic artery stenosis as, 631–634, 634f–635f
hepatic artery thrombosis as, 627, 628f, 631,
633f
biliary tree complications with, 625–629
bile leakage as, 627–629, 629f
biliary sludge as, 629, 631f
biliary stones as, 629, 632f
biliary strictures as, 626–627, 627f–628f
pneumobilia as, 625, 1767–1768, 1769f–1770f
recurrent sclerosing cholangitis as, 629, 630f
sphincter of Oddi dysfunction as, 629
biloma ater, 638
choledochojejunostomy for, 625
common bile duct anastomosis for, 625
contraindications for, 624
Doppler studies of recipient of, pediatric,
1764–1769
with multiorgan transplants, 1768–1769
for posttransplantation evaluation, 1766–1768,
1768f–1770f
for pretransplantation evaluation, 1764–1766
rejection in, 1767
luid collection ater
extrahepatic, 638, 644f–645f
intrahepatic, 638–639, 645f–646f
hematomas ater, 638, 644f
hepatic artery anastomosis for, 624
infarction ater, 638–639, 646f
intrahepatic solid masses complicating, 639–641,
646f
IVC anastomosis for, 624–625
living related donor, 625
normal appearance of, 625, 626f, 1767f
patient selection for, 624
pediatric
Doppler studies of recipient of, 1764–1769
renal cysts ater, 1816–1818
portal vein anastomosis for, 624