29.12.2021 Views

Diagnostic ultrasound ( PDFDrive )

Create successful ePaper yourself

Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.

CHAPTER 10 The Prostate and Transrectal Ultrasound 413

41. Pontari MA. Etiologic theories of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain

syndrome. Curr Urol Rep. 2007;8(4):307-312.

42. Galosi AB, Montironi R, Fabiani A, et al. Cystic lesions of the prostate

gland: an ultrasound classiication with pathological correlation. J Urol.

2009;181(2):647-657.

43. Nghiem HT, Kellman GM, Sandberg SA, Craig BM. Cystic lesions of the

prostate. Radiographics. 1990;10(4):635-650.

44. Curran S, Akin O, Agildere AM, et al. Endorectal MRI of prostatic and

periprostatic cystic lesions and their mimics. AJR Am J Roentgenol.

2007;188(5):1373-1379.

45. Kim B, Kawashima A, Ryu JA, et al. Imaging of the seminal vesicle and vas

deferens. Radiographics. 2009;29(4):1105-1121.

46. Reddy MN, Verma S. Lesions of the seminal vesicles and their MRI

characteristics. J Clin Imaging Sci. 2014;4:61.

47. Patel B, Gujral S, Jeferson K, et al. Seminal vesicle cysts and associated

anomalies. BJU Int. 2002;90(3):265-271.

48. Jarow J, Sigman M, Kolettis PN, et al. he Optimal Evaluation of the Infertile

Male: Best Practice Statement Reviewed and validity conirmed 2011. Cited

24 April 2016. Available from: https://www.auanet.org/education/guidelines/

male-infertility-d.cfm.

49. Jungwirth A, Giwercman A, Tournaye H, et al. European Association of

Urology guidelines on male infertility: the 2012 update. Eur Urol.

2012;62(2):324-332.

50. Smith JF, Walsh TJ, Turek PJ. Ejaculatory duct obstruction. Urol Clin North

Am. 2008;35(2):221-227, viii.

51. Fedder J, Cruger D, Oestergaard B, Petersen GB. Etiology of azoospermia

in 100 consecutive nonvasectomized men. Fertil Steril. 2004;82(5):

1463-1465.

52. Ammar T, Sidhu PS, Wilkins CJ. Male infertility: the role of imaging in

diagnosis and management. Br J Radiol. 2012;85(Spec No. 1):S59-S68.

53. Jhaveri KS, Mazrani W, Chawla TP, et al. he role of cross-sectional imaging

in male infertility: a pictorial review. Can Assoc Radiol J. 2010;61(3):

144-155.

54. Akhter W, Khan F, Chinegwundoh F. Should every patient with hematospermia

be investigated? A critical review. Cent European J Urol.

2013;66(1):79-82.

55. Aslam MI, Cheetham P, Miller MA. A management algorithm for hematospermia.

Nat Rev Urol. 2009;6(7):398-402.

56. Prando A. Endorectal magnetic resonance imaging in persistent hematospermia.

Int Braz J Urol. 2008;34(2):171-179.

57. Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2016. CA Cancer J Clin.

2016;66(1):7-30.

58. Tabayoyong W, Abouassaly R. Prostate cancer screening and the associated

controversy. Surg Clin North Am. 2015;95(5):1023-1039.

59. Pierorazio PM, Walsh PC, Partin AW, Epstein JI. Prognostic Gleason grade

grouping: data based on the modiied Gleason scoring system. BJU Int.

2013;111(5):753-760.

60. Carlsson S, Leapman M, Carroll P, et al. Who and when should we screen

for prostate cancer? Interviews with key opinion leaders. BMC Med.

2015;13:288.

61. Cotter K, Konety B, Ordonez MA. Contemporary management of prostate

cancer. F1000Res. 2016;5.

62. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). herapies for clinically

localized prostate cancer. Comparative efectiveness review summary guides

for clinicians. AHRQ Comparative Efectiveness Reviews. Rockville, MD:

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2016.

63. Wilt TJ, MacDonald R, Rutks I, et al. Systematic review: comparative

efectiveness and harms of treatments for clinically localized prostate cancer.

Ann Intern Med. 2008;148(6):435-448.

64. Albertsen PC, Hanley JA, Fine J. 20-year outcomes following conservative

management of clinically localized prostate cancer. JAMA. 2005;293(17):

2095-2101.

65. Zlotta AR, Egawa S, Pushkar D, et al. Prevalence of prostate cancer on

autopsy: cross-sectional study on unscreened Caucasian and Asian men.

J Natl Cancer Inst. 2013;105(14):1050-1058.

66. Sanda MG, Dunn RL, Michalski J, et al. Quality of life and satisfaction with

outcome among prostate-cancer survivors. N Engl J Med. 2008;358(12):

1250-1261.

67. Nam RK, Jewett MA, Krahn MD. Prostate cancer: 2. Natural history. CMAJ.

1998;159(6):685-691.

68. Catalona WJ, Smith DS, Ratlif TL, et al. Measurement of prostate-speciic

antigen in serum as a screening test for prostate cancer. N Engl J Med.

1991;324(17):1156-1161.

69. Stephenson AJ, Klein E. Epidemiology, etiology, and prevention of prostate

cancer. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016.

70. Bostwick DG, Burke HB, Djakiew D, et al. Human prostate cancer risk

factors. Cancer. 2004;101(10 Suppl.):2371-2490.

71. Bratt O. Hereditary prostate cancer: clinical aspects. J Urol. 2002;168(3):

906-913.

72. Chang JM, Lee HJ, Lee SE, et al. Pictorial review: unusual tumours involving

the prostate: radiological-pathological indings. Br J Radiol. 2008;81(971):

907-915.

73. Eggener SE, Badani K, Barocas DA, et al. Gleason 6 prostate cancer: translating

biology into population health. J Urol. 2015;194(3):626-634.

74. Crawford ED, Ventii K, Shore ND. New biomarkers in prostate cancer.

Oncology (Williston Park). 2014;28(2):135-142.

75. Saini S. PSA and beyond: alternative prostate cancer biomarkers. Cell Oncol

(Dordr). 2016;39(2):97-106.

76. Morgan T, Palapattu G, Wei J. Screening for Prostate cancer—beyond total

PSA, utilization of novel biomarkers. Curr Urol Rep. 2015;16(9):63.

77. Leapman MS, Nguyen HG, Cooperberg MR. Clinical utility of biomarkers

in localized prostate cancer. Curr Oncol Rep. 2016;18(5):30.

78. Catalona WJ, Partin AW, Slawin KM, et al. Use of the percentage of free

prostate-speciic antigen to enhance diferentiation of prostate cancer from

benign prostatic disease: a prospective multicenter clinical trial. JAMA.

1998;279(19):1542-1547.

79. Elliott CS, Shinghal R, Presti Jr JC. he performance of prostate speciic

antigen, prostate speciic antigen density and transition zone density in the

era of extended biopsy schemes. J Urol. 2008;179(5):1756-1761.

80. Morash C. PSA density: he comeback kid? Can Urol Assoc J. 2012;6(1):

51-52.

81. Carter HB, Pearson JD, Metter EJ, et al. Longitudinal evaluation of prostatespeciic

antigen levels in men with and without prostate disease. JAMA.

1992;267(16):2215-2220.

82. Iremashvili V, Kava BR, Manoharan M, et al. Is it time to revisit the role

of prostate-speciic antigen kinetics in active surveillance for prostate cancer?

Urology. 2016;95:139-144.

83. Eggener S. Prostate cancer screening biomarkers: an emerging embarrassment

of ‘riches’? Eur Urol. 2016;70(1):54-55.

84. Stephan C, Ralla B, Jung K. Prostate-speciic antigen and other serum and

urine markers in prostate cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2014;1846(1):

99-112.

85. Filella X, Foj L. Emerging biomarkers in the detection and prognosis of

prostate cancer. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2015;53(7):963-973.

86. Foley RW, Maweni RM, Gorman L, et al. he ERSPC risk calculators signiicantly

outperform the PCPT 2.0 in the prediction of prostate cancer; a

multi-institutional study. BJU Int. 2016 Feb 2. [Epub ahead of print].

87. Trottier G, Roobol MJ, Lawrentschuk N, et al. Comparison of risk calculators

from the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial and the European Randomized

Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer in a contemporary Canadian cohort.

BJU Int. 2011;108(8 Pt 2):E237-E244.

88. Shieh Y, Eklund M, Sawaya GF, et al. Population-based screening for cancer:

hope and hype. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2016;13(9):550-565.

89. Heintz E, Hultcrantz M, Mejare I, et al. Limited evidence for the use of

imaging to detect prostate cancer: a systematic review. Eur J Radiol.

2014;83(9):1601-1606.

90. Bjurlin MA, Rosenkrantz AB, Beltran LS, et al. Imaging and evaluation of

patients with high-risk prostate cancer. Nat Rev Urol. 2015;12(11):617-628.

91. Sarkar S, Das S. A review of imaging methods for prostate cancer detection.

Biomed Eng Comput Biol. 2016;7(Suppl. 1):1-15.

92. Wibmer AG, Burger IA, Sala E, et al. Molecular imaging of prostate cancer.

Radiographics. 2016;36(1):142-159.

93. Babaian RJ, Mettlin C, Kane R, et al. he relationship of prostate-speciic

antigen to digital rectal examination and transrectal ultrasonography. Findings

of the American Cancer Society National Prostate Cancer Detection Project.

Cancer. 1992;69(5):1195-1200.

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!