Diagnostic ultrasound ( PDFDrive )

I-2 Index
Acetabulum
description of, in evaluation of infant at risk,
1927–1929
development of, 1923
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), in neural tube defect
screening, 1228
Achilles tendon
rheumatoid nodules in, 867, 868f
tendinosis in, 861, 861f
Achillodynia, peritendinous injections of foot and
ankle for, 902, 903f
Achondrogenesis, 1383f, 1391
diagnosis of, 1376–1377
type 1, 1391
type 2, 1391, 1391f
Achondroplasia
heterozygous, 1396–1398, 1398f
detection of, gestational age for, 1381
inheritance pattern for, 1379–1380
homozygous, thanatophoric dysplasia
diferentiated from, 1389, 1389f
“trident hand” coniguration in, 1407,
1408f
Achondroplasia, megalencephaly associated with,
1194–1195
Acinic cell carcinoma, parotid gland, pediatric,
1638, 1639f
Acinus, 78
ACN. See Acute cortical necrosis
ACOG. See American College of Obstetricians and
Gynecologists
Acorn cysts, in breast, 778f
Acoustic attenuation, in uterine ibroids, 539f, 540,
540b
Acoustic cavitation, 35
bubbles generated from, 41–42, 42f
considerations for acoustic output increases and,
44
contrast agents and, 43, 44b
efects of, 40–46
inertial, 40
lithotripters as evidence of, 42–43, 42f
in lung and intestine, 43
mechanical index for, 44–45, 45f
potential sources of, 40–42, 42f
sonochemistry and, 42, 42f
Acoustic enhancement, pleural luid producing,
1709–1710
Acoustic frequency, 2
Acoustic impedance, 3–4
Acoustic power, 5
Acoustic radiation force imaging (ARFI), 1764,
1765f
Acoustic shadowing, 786
breast sonography and, 791–792, 793f
carcinoma causing, 791–792, 793f
decreased/absent, in skeletal dysplasias,
1381–1382
malignant masses causes, diferential diagnosis
for, 792
by rib, in pediatric chest sonography,
1710
Acoustic standof, in breast tumor imaging, 767,
767f
Acoustics
attenuation of sound energy in, 5–7, 7f
basics of, 2–7
distance measurement in, 3, 4f
frequency and wavelength in, 2, 2f
impedance of, 3–4
microbubble behavior and, 57t, 58–59, 59f
relection in, 4, 5f
refraction in, 5, 6f
sound propagation in, 2–3, 3f
Acquired cystic kidney disease, 364, 364f
renal cell carcinoma and, 340
Acquired immunodeiciency syndrome (AIDS)
acute typhlitis and, 287–288, 289f
gastrointestinal tract infections and, 296
genitourinary infections in, 331–333, 332f–333f
lymphoma related to, 266, 266f
Pneumocystis carinii opportunistic infection of
liver and, 91, 91f
Acrania, 1179
Acromelia, 1381, 1381b, 1382f
Acromioclavicular joint, 878–879, 878f
injection of, 902, 902f
osteoarthritis of, 893, 894f
Acromion, 878–879, 878f
Active surveillance, for prostate cancer, 401
ACUM. See Accessory and cavitated uterine mass
Acute abdomen. See also Diverticulitis, acute
luid collections in, 281
free intraperitoneal gas in, 277–281, 282f
gastrointestinal tract and, 277–290
let lower quadrant pain in, 288–290
from acute diverticulitis, 288–290
mesenteric adenopathy in, 282
perienteric sot tissues in, 281–282
pneumatosis intestinalis in, 277–281
right lower quadrant pain in, 282–288
from acute appendicitis, 282–285
from acute typhlitis, 287–288, 289f
from Crohn appendicitis, 285, 287f
from mesenteric adenitis, 288
from right-sided diverticulitis, 285–287,
288f
from right-sided segmental omental
infarction, 288, 289f
sonographic evaluation of, 277–282, 281b, 282f
Acute cortical necrosis (ACN), 370, 372f,
1795–1796
Acute interstitial nephritis, 370
Acute kidney injury (AKI), 1795–1796, 1796b,
1797f
Acute pancreatitis, microlithiasis and, 221
Acute suppurative thyroiditis, 723–724
Acute tubular necrosis (ATN), 370
acute kidney injury and, 1795–1796, 1797f
renal transplantation complication with,
649–651, 653f, 1809
Addisonian crisis, 426–427
Adduction, Barlow test with, in dynamic
examination
in coronal/lexion view, 1927
in transverse/lexion view, 1927
Adenitis, mesenteric
pediatric, 1858–1860, 1862f
right lower quadrant pain in acute abdomen
from, 288
Adenocarcinoma(s). See also Pancreas, carcinoma
of
of bladder, 348
colorectal, 261–264, 263f–264f
gastrointestinal, 261–264, 263f–264f
genitourinary, 348
pancreatic, 172f
pancreatic ductal, 236–238
prostate, 395
of renal pelvis, 348
urachal, 355
of ureter, 348
Adenoid cystic carcinoma, salivary gland,
pediatric, 1638
Adenolymphomas, pediatric, parotid gland, 1638
Adenoma(s)
adrenal, 418–420, 418b
in Conn syndrome, 419
in Cushing disease and Cushing syndrome,
419
functioning, 419
imaging considerations for, 418–420, 419f
Adenoma(s) (Continued)
nonfunctioning, 419
percutaneous needle biopsy of, 607
benign follicular, 697
bleeding and, 117, 118f
CEUS for diagnosis of, 116–117, 117f
FNH diferentiated from, 116–117
of gallbladder, 203–204, 205f
in GSD, 1740f
of liver, 115–117, 116f–118f
inborn errors of metabolism and, pediatric,
1738
pediatric, 1746
malignum, 544
parathyroid
carcinomas diferentiated from, 735–736, 738f
carotid sheath/undescended, 740, 742f
combined modalities for accuracy with, 748
compression for detection of, 739
CT accuracy for, 748, 748f
echogenicity of, 735, 736f
ectopic locations of, 739–741
false-negative examination for, 745b, 746
false-positive examination for, 745–746, 745b
ine-needle aspiration biopsy accuracy for, 746
hypoechoic, 735
imaging accuracy with, 746–749
inferior, 738–739, 739f
internal architecture of, 735, 736f
intrathyroid, 740, 742f
localization of, 736–741
mediastinal, 740, 741f, 748
MRI accuracy in, 748, 749f
multiple gland disease in, 735, 738f
pediatric, 1650, 1650f
percutaneous needle biopsy of, 750–751, 753f
pitfalls in examination of, 745–746, 745b
retrotracheal/retroesophageal, 739–740, 740f
scintigraphy accuracy for, 747, 747f
shape of, 735, 735f
size of, 735, 737f
sonographic appearance of, 735–736
sonographic examination and typical
locations in, 736–739, 739f
superior, 738–739, 739f
surgical removal of, 749, 750f
ultrasound accuracy for, 746–747, 748f
vascularity of, 735, 737f
pleomorphic, salivary gland, pediatric,
1636–1638, 1638f
primary hyperparathyroidism caused by, 734,
734b
thyroid
follicular, pediatric, 1646–1648, 1647f
nodular disease and, 697, 700f
Adenomatoid tumor(s)
paratesticular, 1904
scrotal, 840, 840f
Adenomyomas, of gallbladder, 202–204, 204f–205f
Adenomyomatosis, gallbladder, 202, 203f–205f
Adenomyosis, 540–541, 540b, 542f
Adenovirus infection, fetal, hydrops from,
1431–1432
Adhesions, endometrial, 551, 552f
ADI. See Agent detection imaging
Adnexa. See also Fallopian tube(s); Ovary(ies);
Round ligament(s)
anatomy of, 564–570, 565f
cysts of, in pregnancy, 1020
mass of, ectopic pregnancy and, 1072, 1073f
mass of, pediatric, in ectopic pregnancy,
1884–1885, 1898f
pediatric, torsion of, 1875–1876
sonography for, 564
technique for, 566
torsion of, 576–578, 577f