Diagnostic ultrasound ( PDFDrive )

I-38 Index
Mammary ducts
normal sonographic appearance of, 762, 764f
subareolar and intranipple, scanning of, 762,
765f
Mammary fascia, 761, 762f
Mammary zone, of breast, 761, 761f, 763f
Mandible, fetal, normal sonographic appearance of,
1135f
Mandibular nasal prominence, 1134, 1134f
MAP (minimal-access parathyroidectomy), 749,
750f
Marfan syndrome, 946
Marginal placental cord insertion, 1484–1485,
1487f
multifetal pregnancy and, 1119
Massa intermedia, enlarged, in Chiari II
malformation, 1526, 1527f
Masseter muscle, pediatric, chloroma of, 1641f
Massive splenomegaly, 145, 146t
Masticator space, pediatric, pathology of, 1640,
1641f
Mastitis
granulomatous, 803–804
periductal, 771, 771f
sonography for, 803–804
Maternal age, chromosomal abnormalities risk and,
1088, 1089f
Maternal loor infarction, 1473–1474, 1476f
Mathias laterality sequence, spina biida and, 1226
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), 434
Maxilla, fetal, normal sonographic appearance of,
1135f
Maxillary nasal prominence, 1134, 1134f
Maximum vertical pocket, 1339
Maximum-intensity projection (MIP), 105–106
Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome,
1881–1883, 1882f
May-hurner syndrome, 456–457
MBO. See Mechanical bowel obstruction
MCA. See Middle cerebral artery
McCune-Albright syndrome, pediatric ovarian
cysts and, 1875
MCDA. See Monochorionic diamniotic twins
MCDK. See Multicystic dysplastic kidney
MCMA. See Monochorionic monoamniotic twins
MDCT. See Multidetector computed tomography
Mean sac diameter (MSD)
in gestational age estimation, 1061, 1061f,
1444–1445, 1445t
of gestational sac
for gestational age estimation, 1444–1445,
1445t
small, in relationship to CRL, early pregnancy
failure and, 1066, 1067f
yolk sac and, 1057
Mechanical beam steering, 10–11
Mechanical bowel obstruction (MBO)
aferent loop, 293
closed-loop, 293, 295f
gastrointestinal tract and, 293
intussusception causing, 293, 296f
midgut malrotation predisposing to, 293
sonographic assessment of, 293, 294f
Mechanical index (MI)
for acoustic cavitation, 44–45, 45f
deinition of, 58
microbubbles as contrast agents and, 58, 58b,
105
in obstetric sonography, 1035
Mechanical sector scanners, 11
Mechanical ventilation, in neonatal/infant brain,
1578, 1579f
Meckel diverticulum
intussusception and, 1844–1845, 1849f
pediatric appendicitis diferentiated from,
1858–1860, 1862f
Meckel-Gruber syndrome
Dandy-Walker malformation diferentiated
from, 1532
fetal brain dorsal induction errors and, 1182
fetal cystic kidneys and, 1351, 1351f
spina biida and, 1226
Meconium ileus, 1310
fetal CF and, 1316
Meconium periorchitis, focal calciications from,
1904, 1904f
Meconium peritonitis
fetal
CF and, 1316
hydrops from, 1428, 1428f
liver calciications and, 1316–1318
massive ascites in, 1418–1419, 1421f
small bowel and, 1313, 1313t, 1314f
pediatric
cystic, 1842–1843, 1846f
testicular torsion and, 1892–1893
Medial ibroplasia, renal artery stenosis and, 447
Medial gastrocnemius muscle, tear of, 858, 859f
Medial nasal prominence, 1134, 1134f
Median arcuate ligament syndrome, 453, 453f
Mediastinal shit, in unilateral pulmonary
hypoplasia, 1246, 1247f
Mediastinum
fetal, masses in, hydrops from, 1425
pediatric, assessment of, 1702, 1703f–1704f
pediatric, masses of, 1723–1724
abnormal thymus location mimicking, 1723
anterior, 1723–1724
biopsy of, 1956, 1959f
lymphadenopathy and, 1724
posterior, 1724
thymic index and, 1723, 1724t, 1725f, 1726t
Mediastinum testis, 819, 820f
pediatric, 1888
Medical renal disease. See Kidneys, pediatric,
medical diseases of
Medulla
adrenal, functions of, 417
cerebral, as foramen magnum approach
landmark, 1592, 1595f
Medullary carcinoma, of thyroid gland, 701–707,
707f–708f
pediatric, 1648
Medullary cystic kidney disease, 359
pediatric, 1816, 1817f
Medullary nephrocalcinosis, 339, 340f
pediatric, 1798–1799, 1799f
Medullary sponge kidney, 339, 340f, 359
pediatric, 1799
Megacalices, congenital, 321
Mega-cisterna magna
fetal, 1189
arachnoid cysts diferentiated from, 1192–1193
normal sonographic appearance of,
1168–1169
neonatal/infant, Dandy-Walker malformation
diferentiated from, 1531, 1534f
Megacystis, fetal, 1360, 1360b, 1360f
megalourethra and, 1362f
Megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis
syndrome (MMIHS), 1362–1363
pediatric hydronephrosis and, 1788–1791
Megacystitis, fetal, thickened NT and, 1096f
Megahertz, deinition of, 2
Megalencephaly, 1194–1195
Megalourethra, fetal, urinary tract obstruction in,
1362, 1362f
Megaureter(s)
congenital, 321, 322f
fetal, 1358–1359
primary, pediatric hydronephrosis and,
1786–1788, 1787f
Meigs syndrome, 585
Membranous glomerulonephritis, 369
Membranous VSDs, 1281
MEN. See Multiple endocrine neoplasia
Ménétrier disease, gastric mucosa thickening in,
1839–1840
Meningeal layer, in myelocystocele, 1233
Meningitis, neonatal/infant, 1560, 1561f–1562f
Meningocele
atretic, tethered cord and, 1679
fetal
cranial, 1179
deinition of, 1225t
pathogenesis of, 1226
sonographic indings in, 1218
spina biida occulta and, 1226
posterior, closed spinal dysraphism and
pediatric, 1682–1683
Meningoencephalocele, 1218
Meningomyelocele, fetal cloacal exstrophy and,
1328
Menopause
endometrial abnormalities ater
bleeding and, 545–546
luid and, 546–547, 546b, 547f
hormone use and, 544–545, 544b, 545f
ovaries ater, 569
cysts in, 569–570, 571f
Menstrual age
deinition of, 1443–1444
usage of term, 1167
Menstrual cycle, interrelationships in, 1050f
Menstruating females, ovarian volume in, 1873,
1875t
Mesencephalon, formation of, 1077
Mesenchymal dysplasia, of placenta, 1479, 1479f
Mesenchymal tumors, intracranial, fetal, 1208
Mesenchyme, formation of, 1053
Mesenteric, adenopathy, in acute abdomen, 282
Mesenteric adenitis
pediatric, 1858–1860, 1862f
right lower quadrant pain in acute abdomen
from, 288
Mesenteric adenopathy, in acute abdomen, 282
Mesenteric artery(ies), 451–455. See also Celiac
artery
anatomy of, 451, 452f
celiac artery as, 451
duplex Doppler sonography of, 453–455, 455f
interpretation of, 454–455, 456f–458f
inferior
anatomy of, 451, 452f
connections of, with superior mesenteric
artery, 451
duplex Doppler sonography of, 454
ischemia of, 451–453
in median arcuate ligament syndrome, 453, 453f
stenosis of, turbulence ater, 454, 456f
superior
anatomy of, 451, 452f
connections of, with inferior mesenteric
artery, 451
duplex Doppler sonography of, 454
occluded, 454–455, 458f
stenosis of, 457f
Mesenteric cyst(s)
fetal, ovarian cysts diferentiated from, 1369
gastrointestinal cysts diferentiated from, 1860,
1863f
pediatric, ovarian cysts diferentiated from, 1875
peritoneal, 509–510, 510f
Mesenteric vein(s)
clots in, in acute pancreatitis, 224–225, 227f
pediatric
Doppler studies of, best approaches for, 1752
low direction in, in portal hypertension, 1752