Diagnostic ultrasound ( PDFDrive )

I-50 Index
Pyloric muscle
hypertrophy of
minimal, in pylorospasm, 1836–1838, 1838f
in pyloric stenosis, 1835–1838, 1835b,
1837f–1838f
tangential imaging artifacts of, 1834–1835, 1836f
Pyloric stenosis
dilated fetal stomach diferentiated from, 1307,
1308f
hypertrophic, 1835–1838, 1835b, 1837f–1838f
pitfalls in diagnosis of, 1838, 1838b, 1839f
pylorospasm and minimal muscular,
1836–1838, 1838f
Pylorospasm, 1836–1838, 1838f
Pyoceles, scrotal, 835f, 836
Pyogenic bacteria, liver abscesses from, 85–86, 87f
pediatric, 1746–1747, 1751f
Pyonephrosis
genitourinary tract infections and, 325, 326f
pediatric, complicating acute pyelonephritis,
1793, 1794f
renal transplantation complication with, 651,
655f
Pyosalpinx, 587–588
Q
Quadrigeminal cistern, 1518
R
Rachischisis, 1218
deinition of, 1225t
Radial arteries, 531–532
calciication of, evaluation for, 998, 998f
for coronary bypass grat, evaluation of,
977–978, 980f
pseudoaneurysm of, 977f
Radial ray anomalies, 1103f
Radial ray defects, 1400–1401, 1401f–1402f
Radial veins, normal anatomy of, 990–991
Radiation forces, 35
Radical prostatectomy
for prostate cancer, 400, 401f
TRUS-guided biopsy ater, 411, 411f
Radiofrequency ablation, for autonomously
functioning thyroid nodules, 720
Radiography, for skeletal dysplasia evaluation, 1384
Radiotherapy, external beam, for prostate cancer,
400–401, 401f
Radius, aplastic or hypoplastic, in Fanconi
pancytopenia, 1400, 1402f
Ranula, pediatric, 1639–1640, 1640f
Ranunculi, 313
in kidney development, 1781, 1781f
Rapidly involuting congenital hemangiomas,
cutaneous, 1742–1743
Rapunzel syndrome, trichobezoars and, 1840
RAR. See Renal aortic ratio
Rarefaction, in sound wave, 2, 2f
RCC. See Renal cell carcinoma
Real-time B-mode ultrasound, 9–10, 10f
Receiver, 8–9, 8f–9f
Receiver gain, in obstetric sonography, 1036
Rectal cleansing, prior to TRUS, 387
Rectouterine recess, 528
Rectum, carcinoma of, 301–302, 301f–304f
Red blood cell production, decreased, from fetal
hydrops, 1431
Red cell alloimmunization, screening fetus with
hydrops for risk of, 1421–1423, 1421b,
1422f, 1422t
Relected sound, 3–4
Relection, in acoustics, 4, 5f
Relection coeicient, 4
Relectors
difuse, 4, 5f
specular, 4, 4b, 5f
Relux nephropathy, CKD and, 1796–1798
Refraction, 5, 6f
Rejection
acute, renal transplantation abnormalities and,
1809–1810
chronic, renal transplantation abnormalities and,
1810, 1812f
in liver transplantation, pediatric, 1767
in pancreas transplantation, 678–679, 681f
in renal transplantation
acute, 649–651, 653f
chronic, 651, 654f
Remapping, of amplitudes, 9
Renal agenesis, 318–319
Renal aortic ratio (RAR), 450
Renal artery(ies)
accessory, 445–446
anatomy of, 445–446
aneurysms of, 369, 369f, 451
duplex Doppler sonography of, 447–450, 450f
false-positive/false-negative results with, 450,
450f
interpretation of, 450
fetal
absent, 1344f
normal, 1344f
infarction of, 366, 367f
occlusion of, 366
pediatric
patency, Doppler assessment of, 1803–1804
stenosis of, Doppler assessment of, 1805,
1805t, 1806f
polar, 445–446
stenosis of, 368–369, 368f
causes of, 447
Doppler assessment of, pediatric, 1809
false-positive Doppler diagnosis of, 658, 661f
intraparenchymal, 658
pediatric, Doppler assessment of, 1805, 1805t,
1806f
in pediatric patients, 447
ater renal transplantation, 655–658, 656b,
658f–661f
renovascular hypertension and, 446–447, 446b
thrombosis of, ater renal transplantation,
653–655, 657f
Doppler assessment of, pediatric, 1807–1809,
1808f
Renal biopsies, pediatric, Doppler assessment of,
1809, 1810f–1811f
Renal calculi, 334–336, 336f–337f
entities that mimic, 336, 337b, 337f
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC)
acquired cystic kidney disease and, 340
biopsy of, 343–344, 345f
classic diagnostic triad for, 340
cystic, 343, 343f
Doppler ultrasound for detection of, 343, 344f
genitourinary tumors and, 340–344
histologic subtypes of, 340
imaging approaches to, 341, 341f
interpretation pitfalls with, 344, 345f
necrotic, 343
papillary, 342
pediatric, 1820, 1821f
prognosis of, 343–344
radiofrequency ablation of, 341, 341f
sonographic appearance of, 341–343, 342f–344f
treatment approaches to, 341
von Hippel-Lindau disease and, 340
Renal collecting system, pediatric. See also
Hydronephrosis, pediatric, causes of
dilation of, 1785
duplication of, 1783–1784, 1784f
urolithiasis and, 1799–1801, 1799f
Renal cortex, 313, 313f
Renal duplication, pediatric, 1783–1784, 1784f
Renal dysgenesis, 361
Renal dysplasia, 361, 1689
obstructive cystic, 1347–1348, 1347f–1348f
Renal hilum, 311–313
Renal junctional parenchymal defect, 1781,
1781f
Renal medullary pyramids, 313, 313f
Renal milk of calcium, calyceal diverticula and,
1799, 1800f
Renal parenchyma, 313
Renal pelvic diameter (RPD), 1354, 1354f
normal, 1355
Renal pelvic echo, 1339
Renal pelvis. See also Hydronephrosis
adenocarcinoma of, 348
fetal
diameter of, measurement of, 1354, 1354f
dilation of, 1354
pediatric
duplication of, 1784f
wall thickening in, from acute pyelonephritis,
1792, 1793f
Renal sinus, 311–313
Renal transplantation, 641–666
abnormal, 649
AVMs complicating, 661–664, 667f–670f
twinkling artifacts mimicking, 662–664,
668f
cadaveric kidneys in, paired, 643–644, 648f
for chronic renal failure, 641
donor renal vein anastomosis in, 643
luid collections ater, 664–666, 671f–674f
hematomas ater, 665, 671f
infarctions ater
global, 653
segmental, 653–655, 657f
lymphoceles ater, 665–666, 673f–674f
pediatric, 1809, 1811f
normal appearance of, 644–648
Doppler ultrasound assessment in, 648,
651f–652f
gray-scale assessment in, 644–648, 648f–650f
parenchymal pathology complicating, 649–653
abscesses as, 651, 656f
acute rejection as, 649–651, 653f
acute tubular necrosis as, 649–651, 653f
chronic rejection as, 651, 654f
emphysematous pyelonephritis as, 653, 657f
hyperacute rejection and, 651
infections as, 651–653, 655f–657f
milk of calcium cysts as, 653, 657f
pediatric, 1809–1810, 1812f
pyonephrosis as, 651, 655f
pediatric
Doppler ultrasound for, 1807–1812
parenchymal abnormalities and, 1809–1810,
1812f
perinephric luid collections in, 1809, 1811f
tumors of, 1812, 1813f
urologic complications and, 1810–1812
vascular complications in, 1807–1809, 1808f,
1810f–1811f
perinephric abscesses ater, 664–665
postrenal collecting system obstruction
complicating, 630f–633f, 659–661
prerenal vascular complications of, 653–659
arterial thrombosis as, 653–655, 657f
renal artery stenosis as, 655–658, 656b,
658f–661f
renal vein stenosis as, 658–659, 663f
venous thrombosis as, 658, 662f
pseudoaneurysms ater, 664, 669f–670f
PTLD ater, 683–688, 684f–686f
surgical technique for, 641–644, 648f
ureter anastomosis of in, 643, 648f