Diagnostic ultrasound ( PDFDrive )

I-20 Index
Doppler ultrasound (Continued) Drainage, ultrasound-guided (Continued) Duplex Doppler sonography (Continued)
renal arterial stenosis diagnosis from, falsepositive,
658, 661f
for renal cell carcinoma detection, 343, 344f
for renal transplant
assessment, 648, 651f–652f
pediatric, 1807–1812
renal vascular, 366
sample volume size and, 29b, 30
signal processing and display in, 23–24, 24f
spatial focusing and, 35
spectral, 60–61, 60f–62f
in carotid artery analysis, 925–932
for fetal heart assessment, 1275, 1281f
spectral broadening in, 24, 24f, 29, 29b, 31f
spectral display in, 25
technical considerations in, 28–30
thermal efects in, 31
for umbilical arteries assessment, 1458, 1459f
wall ilters in, 29, 30f
Dorsal dermal sinus, pediatric, 1686, 1688f
Dorsal enteric istula, pediatric, 1686–1688
Dorsal induction errors, fetal brain and,
1179–1186
amniotic band sequence as, 1180f, 1182–1183
anencephaly as, 1179, 1180f
cephalocele as, 1179–1182
ciliopathies as, 1182
cranial changes in spina biida as, 1183–1186,
1184f–1185f, 1185t–1186t
encephalocele as, 1179–1182, 1181f, 1182t
exencephaly as, 1179
Joubert syndrome as, 1182
limb-body wall complex as, 1182–1183
Meckel-Gruber syndrome as, 1182
Dorsal midline cyst, in corpus callosum agenesis,
1528, 1531f
Dorsal rectum, in bladder development, 311, 312f
Dorsalis pedis artery, 966
DORV. See Double-outlet right ventricle
“Double contour sign”, 867–869, 868f
“Double-bubble” sign, in fetal duodenal atresia,
1309, 1310f
Double-decidual sign, 1054, 1056f
“Double-duct” sign, 231, 231f
Double-outlet right ventricle (DORV), 1288–1289,
1289f
Down syndrome, testicular microlithiasis and,
1904. See also Trisomy 21
Drainage, ultrasound-guided, 609–617
of abscesses
abdominal, 612
liver, 612–613, 614f–615f
pediatric, 1953
pediatric, appendiceal, 1956, 1960f
pelvic, 612, 613f
renal, 617, 618f
splenic, 617
transrectal, 1953–1954, 1954f
of bile duct luids, 614–615
of biliary tract luids, 613–615
catheters for
for interventional sonography, 1948
placement of, 610–611, 611f
removal of, 612
selection of, 610–611, 611f
contraindications to, 609–610
diagnostic aspiration in, 611
of empyemas, pediatric, 1954, 1958f
follow-up care for, 612
of gallbladder luids, 613–614, 616f
imaging methods for, 610, 610f
indications for, 609–610
of pancreatic pseudocysts, 615–617, 617f
patient preparation for, 611
percutaneous cholangiography and, 1956, 1959f
of pleural and peritoneal luids, pediatric,
1954–1956, 1958f
of pleural efusion, 1724–1725
procedure for, 612
DRE. See Digital rectal examination
Drop metastasis, 266, 267f
Drugs
fetal hydrops from, 1432
illicit use of, fetal gastroschisis and, 1322–1323
nephrotoxic, AKI and, 1796
toxicity of, renal transplantation abnormalities
and, 1809
Duct extension, of DCIS, 790–791, 792f
Ductal arch, fetal, 1275, 1279f
Ductal carcinoma in Situ (DCIS), 789–790, 792f
calciications and, 793, 795f
duct extension of, 790–791, 792f
Ductal ectasia, mammary ducts and, 762
Duct(s). See also Bile duct(s)
mammary
normal sonographic appearance of, 762, 764f
subareolar and intranipple, scanning of, 762,
765f
pancreatic, 215–218, 219f–220f
of Santorini, 218, 219f
thymopharyngeal, formation of, 1652
of Wirsung, 218, 219f
Ductus arteriosus, 1273–1274, 1275f
Ductus venosus, 1273–1274, 1275f
fetal, Doppler ultrasound assessment of, 1458,
1459f
reversed low in, in aneuploidy screening, 1095,
1095f
Duodenal atresia, fetal
dilated fetal stomach diferentiated from, 1307
“double-bubble” sign in, 1309, 1310f
echogenic bowel and, 1315f
small bowel obstruction and, 1308–1309, 1310f
Duodenal diaphragm, 1841–1842, 1844f
Duodenal duplication cysts, fetal duodenal atresia
mistaken for, 1309
Duodenal leaks, ater pancreas transplantation, 682
Duodenal stenosis, 1308–1309
Duodenal web, 1841, 1844f
Duodenum, 219
atresia of, in trisomy 21, 1097, 1098f
pediatric, 1841–1847
anatomy of, 1841, 1841f
atresia of, 1841, 1842f
congenital obstruction of, 1841–1842,
1842f–1844f
hematoma of, 1842, 1845f
sonographic technique for, 1841
stenosis of, 1841
ulcer in, perforated, gallbladder wall thickening
signs in, 201f
Duplex Doppler sonography
in Budd-Chiari syndrome, 102–103
celiac artery, 453–455, 455f
mesenteric artery, 453–455, 455f
interpretation of, 454–455, 456f–458f
of neonatal/infant brain, 1573–1576
approaches to, 1574, 1575f
arterial blood low in, 1576, 1577t
asphyxia and, 1580
brain death and, 1580, 1583f
cerebral edema and, 1580
difuse neuronal injury and, 1580
ECMO and, 1578–1580, 1579f
hemodynamics in, 1576–1580
HII and, 1580, 1581f–1582f
hydrocephalus and, 1581–1583, 1584f
intensive care therapies and, 1578–1580
intracranial hemorrhage and, 1580–1581,
1584f
intracranial tumors and, 1585, 1587f
measurements in, 1576, 1576f–1577f, 1576t
mechanical ventilation and, 1578, 1579f
near-ield structures and, 1585, 1588f
optimization of, 1574, 1574b
pitfalls of, 1585–1589, 1589f
safety considerations for, 1574–1576
stroke and, 1580–1581, 1584f
uncommon applications of, 1585, 1588f
vascular malformations and, 1583–1585,
1585f–1587f
venous blood low in, 1578, 1578f, 1578t
obesity and renal artery in, 447
in portal hypertension, 98
renal artery, 447–450, 450f
false-positive/false-negative results with, 450,
450f
interpretation of, 450
in ureteral calculi detection, 337–338
Duplex scanner, 24
Duplication anomalies, fetal, 1359–1360, 1359f,
1360b
Duplication cysts, 297
duodenal, fetal duodenal atresia mistaken for,
1309
enteric, fetal, 1312–1313, 1313f
ovarian cysts diferentiated from, 1369
esophageal, 1256
gastrointestinal, pediatric, 1860, 1863f
ovarian cysts diferentiated from, 1875
Dural sinus
fetal
malformations of, 1205
thrombosis of, 1205–1206, 1206f
neonatal/infant, thrombosis of, 1585
Duty factor, 36
DVT. See Deep venous thrombosis
Dwarism, diastrophic
indings associated with, 1382
hitchhiker thumb in, 1382, 1406
Dwell time, 36
in obstetric sonography, 1036
Dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound, 66–67
Dynamic maneuvers, for hernia imaging, 473–474,
474f–475f
Dynamic range, of amplitudes, 9
Dysgerminomas, ovarian, 584, 584f
pediatric, 1880
pseudoprecocious puberty and, 1887
Dyslexia, obstetric sonography and, 1040
Dysostoses, deinition of, 1376, 1377t
Dysplastic kidneys, pediatric, 1798, 1798f
Dysraphic hamartomas, 1682
Dysraphic lesions, 1679–1680
Dysraphism. See Spinal dysraphism, fetal; Spinal
dysraphism, pediatric
Dyssegmental dysplasia, 1399
Dystrophic calciication, 339
pediatric urinary tract and, 1799
Dystrophic facies, in Miller-Dieker syndrome, 1195
E
Eagle-Barrett syndrome. See Prune belly syndrome
Early pregnancy failure. See Pregnancy, irst
trimester of, early failure of
Ear(s)
embryology of, 1134
fetal
abnormalities of, 1148, 1148f
length of, in trisomy 21, 1101
low-set, 1148
Ebstein anomaly, 1286–1287, 1286f
Echinococcal disease
adrenal, 423
genitourinary, 331, 332f