isahluko 1 - UKZN ResearchSpace - University of KwaZulu-Natal

to illustrate a more general principle”. Ngempela-ke njengokusho kwalaba babhali,
ulwazi olwatholakala ngokwenza ucwaningo kulezi zikole, lwaluyokwakha isithombe
ngokwenzeka nakwezinye izikole lapho ukufundisa ukufunda okubhaliwe ngesiZulu
ulimi lwasekhaya kufundiswa. Kanti uYin (1984, p. 23) lapho echaza ucwaningo
lwesimo usho kanje: “An empirical inquiry that investigates a contemporary phenomenon
within its real-life context ...”. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uStake (1988, p.257) yena ubeka
kanje ngocwaningo lwesimo:
The case study focus is on a single actor, a single institution, a single
enterprise, may be a classroom, usually under natural conditions so as to
understand it.
Le ncazelo kaStake (1988) angivumelani nayo ngoba kulolu cwaningo akusona isikole
esisodwa esasicwaningwa, kepha yizikole ezimbili. Kodwa umehluko ukuthi
okuyiyona njongo yokucwaningwayo kwakufana kuzo zombili izikole, njengoba
sengike ngaveza. Nokho-ke, umcwaningi uyavumelana naye uStake (1988) kanye
noYin (1984) lapho bethi labo abacwaningwayo bacwaningwa besendaweni yabo
lapho futhi benza njengokujwayelekile, ukuze umcwaningi akwazi ukuqonda indlela
abenza ngayo izinto labo abacwaningwayo noma leso simo esicwaningwayo. Lokhu
kusho ukuthi akudingi ukuba labo abacwaningwayo bashintshe indlela abavama
ukwenza ngayo izinto ngokwejwayelekile.
Ucwaningo lwesimo lugxila esigamekweni esisodwa noma ezimbili ezisemqoka,
ukuqonda kahle ngesimo noma isehlakalo okuyisona esicutshungulwayo (Robson, 2002).
Ngale ndlela isimo esicwaningwayo singaba sinye (single case) noma zibe ziningi
(multiple cases) (Yin, 1994). Ucwaningo lwesimo lungenza uphenyo (exploratory),
luchaze (descriptive) noma lucacise (explanatory). Lolu cwaningo luwuphenyo ngenxa
yokuthi luzama ukucwaninga ngokwenzekayo ekilasini lapho uthisha efundisa ukufunda
okubhaliwe kubafundi besiZulu ulimi lwasekhaya emabangeni aphansi. UTellis (1997)
uthi ucwaningo lwesimo oluphenyayo ukuqoqa imininingwane lungenziwa ngaphambi
kokuthi kwakhiwe imibuzo enqala okufanele iphendulwe lucwaningo kanye nombono
ongafakazelwanga (hypothesis). UTellis (1997) uphinda athi ucwaningo lwesimo
95