isahluko 1 - UKZN ResearchSpace - University of KwaZulu-Natal

modeli iqhakambisa umfundi wombhalo. Ngamanye amazwi kule modeli, umfundi
wombhalo nguye ophethe izintambo. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi le modeli igxila kulokho
umfundi wombhalo akwaziyo ngesikhathi ezoqala ukufunda umbhalo (Goodman, 1967;
Smith, 1971, 1982). Kanti ubuthaka bayo yindlela echaza ngayo ukufundwa kwamagama
asolimini kanye nokusetshenzisa kwawo (lexical and grammatical features) (Rumelhart,
1977). UGoodman (1967) uthi abafundi basebenzisa ama-processes ama-5 ekufundeni
okubhaliwe: recognition-initiation, prediction, confirmation, correction, and termination
(p. 16).
2.3.5 UKUFUNDA OKUBHALIWE NGOKWE-INTERACTIVE MODEL
I-interactive model ka-Rumelhart (2004) ingenye yezinjulalwazi ezingamapsycholinguistic
theories okufunda okubhaliwe. UJoubert nabanye (2008) bathi igama
elithi ‘psycholinguistic’ igama eliqhamuka emagameni amabili, ‘psychology’ nelithi
‘linguistics’ (isayensi yolimi: language science). UFlanagan (1995) uthi i-psychology
igcizelela ukuthi izingane zikwazi ukwakha umqondo ngezinto ezizizungezile.
Ngamanye amazwi lokhu kusho izinto ezake zazibona noma ezake zezwa ngazo. Lapho
zifunda izingane, zisuke zizama ukulandela okubhaliwe ukuze zikuqonde. Lokhu kwenza
ukuthi zigxile enjulalwazini ethi izingane zisebenzisa amaphethini eziwajwayele
nokusebenza kolimi njengamathiphu ukuqagela umqondo wegama elithile ezingalazi.
Ngale ndlela ama-psychologists agcizelela ukuthi abafundi bombhalo basebenzisa ulwazi
lolimi abavele benalo kanye nokwenzeka endaweni abaphila kuyo ukwakha umqondo
walokho abakufundayo.
URumelhart (2004, p. 1149) uthi ukufunda okubhaliwe kusho ukuqonda lokho
okubhaliwe. Ngale ndlela i-interactive model igcizelela lokho okubhaliwe kanye nalokho
umfundi wombhalo eza nakho noma akuletha embhalweni lapho efunda, ukusebenzisa
kokubili, i-top down ne bottom-up (Rumelhart, 1977; Rumelhart, 2004). Lokhu kusho
khona ukuthi umfundi usebenzisa ulwazi avele enalo ukuqagela, aphinde azibuze
imibuzo ngombhalo awufundayo. Ngale ndlela umqondo yiwona obalulekile, oyisisekelo
sokufunda umbhalo. Ukufunda okubhaliwe akusiyo nje into eyenziwa yingane encane
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